vy (third-person singular simple presentviesorvyes,present participlevying,simple past and past participleviedorvyed)
Backformation fromvye, plural ofvyg, fromDutchvijg.
vy (pluralvye)
Frommy.
vy
| number | person | independent (subject) | suffixed | infixed | possessive (dependent) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| enclitic | emphatic | reduced | ||||||
| singular | first | my | vy | evy | ma,a | 'm | owA | |
| second | ty | jy,sy1 | tejy | ta,a | 'thM | dhaS | ||
| third2 | m | ev | ev | eev | va,a | 'n | yS | |
| f | hi | hi | hyhi | — | 's | hyA | ||
| plural | first | ni | ni | nyni | 'gan,'n | agan,'gan | ||
| second3 | hwi | hwi | hwyhwi | 'gas,'s | agas,'gas | |||
| third | i | i | ynsi | 's | agaA,'gaA | |||
1 Uncommon.
2hun andins have been suggested as non-binary 3rd person singular pronouns, though these have not yet officially adopted.
3 Infrequently used as a formal alternative to the singular.
S Triggerssoft mutationA Triggersaspirate mutationM Triggersmixed mutation
Inherited fromOld Czechvy, fromProto-Slavic*vy, fromProto-Indo-European*yúHs.
vy
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | já | my | |
| 2nd person | familiar | ty | vy |
| polite | vy | ||
| 3rd person | m | on | oni1 |
| f | ona | ony | |
| n | ono | ona | |
| reflexive | sebe,se(clitic) | ||
1 animate referents only, for inanimate onesony is used.
vy n (singular definitevyet,plural indefinitevyer)
| neuter gender | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | vy | vyet | vyer | vyerne |
| genitive | vys | vyets | vyers | vyernes |
FromMalaybesi, fromProto-Malayic*bəsi, fromProto-Malayo-Chamic*bəsi.
vy
vy
vy m (definite singularvyen,indefinite pluralvyer,definite pluralvyene)
vy m (definite singularvyen,indefinite pluralvyar,definite pluralvyane)
Inherited fromProto-Slavic*vy.
vy
| Singular | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | jáz,já | ty | — |
| Genitive | mne,mě | tebe,tě | sebe,sě |
| Dative | mně,mi | tobě,ti | sobě,si |
| Accusative | mě,mne | tě,tebe | sě,sebe |
| Locative | mně | tobě | sobě |
| Instrumental | mnú | tobú,tebú | sobú,sebú |
| Possessive | mój | tvój | svój |
| Dual | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
| Nominative | vě,va,ma | vy | — |
| Genitive | najú | vajú | sebe,sě |
| Dative | náma | váma | sobě,si |
| Accusative | ny,najú | vy,vajú | sě,sebe |
| Locative | najú | vajú | sobě |
| Instrumental | náma | váma | sobú,sebú |
| Possessive | náš,najú | váš,vajú | svój |
| Plural | 1st person | 2nd person | Reflexive |
| Nominative | my | vy | — |
| Genitive | nás | vás | sebe,sě |
| Dative | nám,nem | vám,vem | sobě,si |
| Accusative | ny,nás | vy,vás | sě,sebe |
| Locative | nás | vás | sobě |
| Instrumental | námi | vámi | sobú,sebú |
| Possessive | náš | váš | svój |
Inherited fromProto-Slavic*vy.
vy
| substantive | possessive | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| 1st person | ja | my | môj | náš | |
| 2nd person | familiar | ty | vy | tvoj | váš |
| polite | vy | váš | |||
| 3rd person | m | on | oni* /ony | jeho | ich |
| f | ona | jej | |||
| n | ono | jeho | |||
| reflexive | seba,sa(clitic) | svoj | |||
* masculine animate only,ony otherwise
vy c
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | vy | vys |
| definite | vyn | vyns | |
| plural | indefinite | vyer | vyers |
| definite | vyerna | vyernas |