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vocative

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:

Vocative case

Wikipedia

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:

Vocative expression

Wikipedia

Etymology

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From LateMiddle English[Term?], borrowed fromMiddle Frenchvocatif, fromLatinvocātīvus(“for calling”); a calque of Ancient Greekκλητῐκή(klētĭkḗ,“for calling; vocative case”) – fromvocāre(“to call”), fromProto-Indo-European*wokʷ-,o-grade of*wekʷ-(“give vocal utterance, speak”). See Latinvōx.

Pronunciation

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(General American)enPR:väk'ətĭv,vōk'ətĭv,IPA^(key): /ˈvɑkətɪv/,/ˈvoʊkətɪv/
(Received Pronunciation)enPR:vŏk'ətĭv,IPA^(key): /ˈvɒkətɪv/
Audio(Southern England): (file)
(Dublin)IPA^(key): /ˈvakətɪv/

Adjective

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vocative (comparativemorevocative,superlativemostvocative)

Of or pertaining to calling; used in calling orvocation.
(grammar) Used in address;appellative; said of the case or form of the noun, pronoun, or adjective by which a person or thing is addressed.
In English, thevocative may be indicated by an addressee–address separation comma, or by the particleO, as in "What is the matter, sir?", "Mother, listen!", or "O Lord".

Related terms

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vocal

Translations

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of or pertaining to calling

Finnish:kutsumuksellinen,kutsumus-
French:vocationnel (fr)
Georgian:წოდებითი (ka)(c̣odebiti),მოწოდებითი(moc̣odebiti)
German:aufrufend (de)
Greek:κλητικός (el)(klitikós)
Hindi:संबोधित (hi)(sambodhit)
Japanese:天職の (ja)(tenshoku no)
Latin:vocātīvus
Portuguese:vocativo (pt) m
Russian:призыва́ющий (ru)(prizyvájuščij),зову́щий (ru)(zovúščij)

grammar: used in address

Arabic:نِدَاء m(nidāʔ)
Belarusian:клі́чны(klíčny)
Bulgarian:зва́телен(zvátelen)
Catalan:vocatiu (ca)
Czech:vokativní
Dutch:vocatief (nl) m
Esperanto:vokativo (eo)
Finnish:vokatiivinen
French:vocatif (fr) m
Galician:vocativo m
Georgian:წოდებითი (ka)(c̣odebiti)
German:vokativ (de)
Greek:κλητικός (el)(klitikós)
Ancient:κλητικός(klētikós)
Hindi:संबोधित (hi)(sambodhit)
Hungarian:megszólító (hu)
Irish:gairmeach (ga)
Japanese:呼格の (ja)(kokaku no)
Latin:vocātīvus
Macedonian:вокатив m(vokativ)
Polish:wołacz (pl) m
Portuguese:vocativo (pt)
Russian:зва́тельный (ru)(zvátelʹnyj)
Scottish Gaelic:gairmeach
Serbo-Croatian:vokativan (sh)
Spanish:vocativo (es)
Swedish:vokativ (sv)
Ukrainian:кли́чний (uk)(klýčnyj)
Welsh:cyfarchol

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Arabic:^{(pleaseverify)}مُنَادَى(munādā),^{(pleaseverify)}نَدَائِيّ(nadāʔiyy)
Dutch:^{(pleaseverify)}roeper (nl) m
Hebrew:^(please verify)של יחסת פנייה f(šel yakhasat peniyah)
Italian:^(please verify)vocativo (it)
Serbo-Croatian:^{(pleaseverify)}вокативни,^{(pleaseverify)}vokativni
Swedish:^{(pleaseverify)}vokativ (sv)
Turkish:^{(pleaseverify)}vokatif (tr)

Noun

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vocative (pluralvocatives)

(grammar) Thevocative case
(grammar) A word in thevocative case
(grammar) Avocative expression
(rare) Something said to (or as though to) a particular person or thing; anentreaty, aninvocation.
- 1748, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter L”, inClarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume(please specify |volume=I to VII), London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […],→OCLC:
  [T]he two latter will hardly come neither, if they think it will be to hear yourwhiningvocatives.

Translations

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grammatical case—seevocative case

a vocative expression

French:apostrophe (fr) f

Italian

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Adjective

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vocative

feminine plural ofvocativo

Latin

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Adjective

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vocātīve

vocative masculine singular ofvocātīvus

References

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“vocative”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879),A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“vocative”, inGaffiot, Félix (1934),Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.