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vilja

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:Viljaandviljâ

Estonian

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Noun

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vilja

Faroese

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsevilja, fromProto-Germanic*wiljaną, fromProto-Indo-European*welh₁-.

Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

Verb

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vilja (third person singular past indicativevildi,third person plural past indicativevildu,supineviljað)

towill
towish
topersist
tointend to

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofvilja(irregular)
	present	past
infinitive	vilja
supine	vilað

first singular	vil	vildi
second singular	vilt	vildi
third singular	vil	vildi
plural	vilja	vildu

participle	—	—

	imperative
singular	—
plural	—

Finnish

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FinnishWikipedia has an article on:

vilja

Wikipedia^fi

Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*vilja, borrowed fromProto-Indo-European (if not directly from Slavic or Balto-Slavic - compareProto-Slavic*obilьje, from an earlier*obvilьje, see*obilъ)^[1] andCzechobilí(“grain, cereals”)).^[2] Other cognates includeKarelianvil'l'a,Estonianvili,Vepsvilʹlʹ andProto-Samic*vëljē.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈʋiljɑ/,[ˈʋiljɑ̝]
Rhymes:-iljɑ
Syllabification^(key):vil‧ja
Hyphenation^(key):vil‧ja

Noun

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vilja

grain,cereal,corn(type of grass cultivated for its edible grains)
grain(harvested seeds from such or similar plants collectively)
(archaic, dialectal)abundance

Declension

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Inflection ofvilja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		vilja	viljat
genitive		viljan	viljojen
partitive		viljaa	viljoja
illative		viljaan	viljoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		vilja	viljat
accusative	nom.	vilja	viljat
accusative	gen.	viljan	viljat
genitive		viljan	viljojen viljain^rare
partitive		viljaa	viljoja
inessive		viljassa	viljoissa
elative		viljasta	viljoista
illative		viljaan	viljoihin
adessive		viljalla	viljoilla
ablative		viljalta	viljoilta
allative		viljalle	viljoille
essive		viljana	viljoina
translative		viljaksi	viljoiksi
abessive		viljatta	viljoitta
instructive		—	viljoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms ofvilja(Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		viljani	viljani
accusative	nom.	viljani	viljani
accusative	gen.	viljani	viljani
genitive		viljani	viljojeni viljaini^rare
partitive		viljaani	viljojani
inessive		viljassani	viljoissani
elative		viljastani	viljoistani
illative		viljaani	viljoihini
adessive		viljallani	viljoillani
ablative		viljaltani	viljoiltani
allative		viljalleni	viljoilleni
essive		viljanani	viljoinani
translative		viljakseni	viljoikseni
abessive		viljattani	viljoittani
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	viljoineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		viljasi	viljasi
accusative	nom.	viljasi	viljasi
accusative	gen.	viljasi	viljasi
genitive		viljasi	viljojesi viljaisi^rare
partitive		viljaasi	viljojasi
inessive		viljassasi	viljoissasi
elative		viljastasi	viljoistasi
illative		viljaasi	viljoihisi
adessive		viljallasi	viljoillasi
ablative		viljaltasi	viljoiltasi
allative		viljallesi	viljoillesi
essive		viljanasi	viljoinasi
translative		viljaksesi	viljoiksesi
abessive		viljattasi	viljoittasi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	viljoinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		viljamme	viljamme
accusative	nom.	viljamme	viljamme
accusative	gen.	viljamme	viljamme
genitive		viljamme	viljojemme viljaimme^rare
partitive		viljaamme	viljojamme
inessive		viljassamme	viljoissamme
elative		viljastamme	viljoistamme
illative		viljaamme	viljoihimme
adessive		viljallamme	viljoillamme
ablative		viljaltamme	viljoiltamme
allative		viljallemme	viljoillemme
essive		viljanamme	viljoinamme
translative		viljaksemme	viljoiksemme
abessive		viljattamme	viljoittamme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	viljoinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		viljanne	viljanne
accusative	nom.	viljanne	viljanne
accusative	gen.	viljanne	viljanne
genitive		viljanne	viljojenne viljainne^rare
partitive		viljaanne	viljojanne
inessive		viljassanne	viljoissanne
elative		viljastanne	viljoistanne
illative		viljaanne	viljoihinne
adessive		viljallanne	viljoillanne
ablative		viljaltanne	viljoiltanne
allative		viljallenne	viljoillenne
essive		viljananne	viljoinanne
translative		viljaksenne	viljoiksenne
abessive		viljattanne	viljoittanne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	viljoinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		viljansa	viljansa
accusative	nom.	viljansa	viljansa
accusative	gen.	viljansa	viljansa
genitive		viljansa	viljojensa viljainsa^rare
partitive		viljaansa	viljojaan viljojansa
inessive		viljassaan viljassansa	viljoissaan viljoissansa
elative		viljastaan viljastansa	viljoistaan viljoistansa
illative		viljaansa	viljoihinsa
adessive		viljallaan viljallansa	viljoillaan viljoillansa
ablative		viljaltaan viljaltansa	viljoiltaan viljoiltansa
allative		viljalleen viljallensa	viljoilleen viljoillensa
essive		viljanaan viljanansa	viljoinaan viljoinansa
translative		viljakseen viljaksensa	viljoikseen viljoiksensa
abessive		viljattaan viljattansa	viljoittaan viljoittansa
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	viljoineen viljoinensa

Adjective

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vilja

(rare, archaic)synonym ofrunsas(“abundant”)

Derived terms

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compounds

References

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^Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004),Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY,→ISBN
^Koivulehto, Jorma (2006), “Wie alt sind die Kontakte zwischen Finnisch-Ugrisch und Balto-Slavisch? The Slavicization of the Russian North”, inSlavica Helsingiensia, volume27, pages179-196

Icelandic

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsevilja(“to want”), fromProto-Germanic*wiljaną, fromProto-Indo-European*welh₁-.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈvɪlja/
Rhymes:-ɪlja

Verb

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vilja (preterite-present verb,third-person singular present indicativevill,third-person singular past indicativevildi,supineviljað)

towant
Égvil fara heim.
Iwant to go home.
towish
Égvildi að það væru þvottabirnir á Íslandi. Þeir eru svo sætir. Ég myndi leika við þá og gefa þeim ruslið mitt.
Iwish there were raccoons in Iceland. They're so cute. I'd play with them and give them my trash.

Conjugation

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This verb is slightly irregular.

*vilja* – active voice(*germynd*)
		present nútíð	past þátíð	present nútíð	past þátíð
infinitivenafnháttur		aðvilja
supinesagnbót		viljað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		viljandi

		indicative framsöguháttur		subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
singular	ég	vil	vildi	vilji	vildi
	þú	vilt	vildir	viljir	vildir
	hann, hún, það	vill	vildi	vilji	vildi
plural	við	viljum	vildum	viljum	vildum
	þið	viljið	vilduð	viljið	vilduð
	þeir, þær, þau	vilja	vildu	vilji	vildu

		imperativeboðháttur
singular	þú	vilj (þú),vilðu
plural	þið	viljið (þið),viljiði¹

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

Ingrian

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(Ala-Laukaa)IPA^(key): /ˈʋiljɑ/,[ˈʋilʲː]
(Soikkola)IPA^(key): /ˈʋiljɑ/,[ˈʋilʲjɑ]
Rhymes:-ilj,-iljɑ
Hyphenation:vil‧ja

Noun

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vilja

grain,cereal
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus,Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page40:
  Vilja käsil kylvettii.
  The grain was sown by hand.

Declension

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Declension ofvilja (type 3/kana, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	vilja	viljat
genitive	viljan	viljoin
partitive	viljaa	viljoja
illative	viljaa	viljoi
inessive	viljaas	viljois
elative	viljast	viljoist
allative	viljalle	viljoille
adessive	viljaal	viljoil
ablative	viljalt	viljoilt
translative	viljaks	viljoiks
essive	viljanna,viljaan	viljoinna,viljoin
exessive¹⁾	viljant	viljoint
¹⁾ obsolete ^) theaccusative corresponds with either thegenitive (sg) ornominative (pl) ^*) thecomitative is formed by adding the suffix-ka^? or-kä^? to thegenitive.

Derived terms

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References

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Ruben E. Nirvi (1971),Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page667

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Alternative forms

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vilje(e infinitive)

Etymology

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FromOld Norsevilja, fromProto-Germanic*wiljaną, fromProto-Indo-European*welh₁-. Akin toEnglishwill.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /²ʋɪljɑ/

Verb

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vilja (present tensevil,past tenseville,past participlevilja,present participleviljande)

want
Egvil dra no. ―Iwant to leave now.
will(expressing future tense)
Det dervil du angra på. ―Youwill regret that.

References

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“vilja” inThe Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Germanic*wiljaną(“to want”), fromProto-Indo-European*welh₁-(“to want, choose”). CompareOld Englishwillan,Old Frisianwilla,Old Saxonwillian,Old High Germanwellen,Gothic𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽(wiljan).

Verb

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vilja (singular past indicativevildi,plural past indicativevildu,past participleviljat)

towant

Usage notes

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Along with only two other verbs (munu andskulu),vilja has a special past tense infinitive. It is equal to the third person plural past tensevildu. This rare form is mostly used when the verb of the main clause also is in the past tense.

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofvilja — active (irregular)
	present	past	present	past
infinitive	vilja
present participle	viljandi
past participle	viljat

	indicative		subjunctive
1st person singular	vil	vilda	vila	vilda
2nd person singular	vill,vilt	vildir	vilir	vildir
3rd person singular	vill	vildi	vili	vildi
1st person plural	viljum	vildum	vilim	vildim
2nd person plural	vilið	vilduð	vilið	vildið
3rd person plural	vilja	vildu	vili	vildi

imperative	present
2nd person singular	-
1st person plural	-
2nd person plural	-

Descendants

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Icelandic:vilja
Faroese:vilja
Norwegian Nynorsk:vilja;(dialectal)vi(j)a,vyljå,vyå,velja,vi,ve
Jamtish:vili
Elfdalian:wila
Old Swedish:vilia
- Swedish:vilja
Old Danish:willæ
- Danish:ville
  - Norwegian Bokmål:ville
- Scanian:villa
Old Gutnish:wilia
- Gutnish:ville,vila

Etymology 2

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Noun

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vilja

inflection ofvili:

Swedish

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /²vɪlːja/
Audio: (file)

Etymology 1

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FromOld Swedishvili,vilie, fromOld Norsevili, fromProto-Germanic*wiljô.

Noun

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vilja c

will; a person’sintent, volition, decision.

Declension

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Declension ofvilja
		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	vilja	viljas
singular	definite	viljan	viljans
plural	indefinite	viljor	viljors
plural	definite	viljorna	viljornas

Alternative forms

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vilje

Related terms

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Descendants

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→ Elfdalian:wila f

Etymology 2

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FromOld Swedishvilia, fromOld Norsevilja, fromProto-Germanic*wiljaną, fromProto-Indo-European*welh₁-.

Verb

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vilja (presentvill,preteriteville,supinevelat)

towant,desire
Devill att vi hjälper dem att måla huset
Theywant us to help them paint the house
Jagvill klappa en gullig kanin
Iwant to pet a cute rabbit
Vill du ha kaffe eller te?
Do youwant coffee or tea?
Jagvill till affären
Iwant to go to the store (see the usage notes for why there is nogå,åka, or the like)
Jagvill hem
Iwant (to go) home
- 1917 translation, theBible,Deuteronomy (Femte Mosebok),1:26
  Men Ivillen icke draga ditupp, utanvoren gensträviga mot HERRENS, eder Guds, befallning.
  Notwithstanding yewould not go up, but rebelled against the commandment of the LORD your God.
(rare) tointend,be going to,will
Detvill komma till dig, när du är gammal nog.
Itwill come to you, when you are old enough.

Usage notes

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Used with verbs in the infinitive, without infinitive marker ("att"). However note that there may be a conjunction "att" (in the sense of "that") following right after. The first example is a case in point, which could be interpreted asThey want that we help them or, more naturally,They want us to help them.
Unlike wanting to do something ("I want to eat") and wanting something to happen ("I want you to eat"), wanting an object is expressed withvilja in combination withha ("have"). Thus "I want food" is saidJag vill ha mat (notJag vill mat). Put another way, wanting to have (ha) is not a special case in Swedish, and needs to be specified.
Often used with an impliedgå(“walk”),åka(“drive”),följa(“follow”), or the like. Seeska, which works identically.

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofvilja (irregular)
	active		passive
infinitive	vilja		—
supine	velat		—
imperative	—		—
imper. plural¹	—		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	vill	ville	—	—
ind. plural¹	vilja	ville	—	—
subjunctive²	vilje	ville	—	—

present participle		viljande
past participle		—