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William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)
Anuta: a Polynesian outlier in the Solomon Islands (1973)
Oral Traditions of Anuta: A Polynesian Outlier in the Solomon Islands (1998)

Dalmatian

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Alternative forms

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vuai

Etymology

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FromLatinhodie. CompareFriulianvuê.

Adverb

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vai

today

East Futuna

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Polynesian*wai, fromProto-Oceanic*waiʀ, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*wahiʀ.

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Emae

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Polynesian*wai, fromProto-Oceanic*waiʀ, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*wahiʀ.

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

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William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Fijian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Central Pacific*vai, fromProto-Oceanic*paʀi, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*paʀih (compareJavanesepe,Tagalogpagi), fromProto-Austronesian*paʀiS.

Noun

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vai

ray(marine fish with a flat body, large wing-like fins, and a whip-like tail)

Descendants

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→ Fiji Hindi:paai

References

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Gatty, Ronald (2009), “vai”, inFijian-English Dictionary, Suva, Fiji: Ronald Gatty,→ISBN, page288

Finnish

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*vai. Probably ultimately from the same root asvajaa, possibly by analogy withtai.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈʋɑi̯/,[ˈʋɑ̝i̯]
Rhymes:-ɑi
Syllabification^(key):vai
Hyphenation^(key):vai

Conjunction

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vai

(coordinating, in question clauses)or(exclusive or; either what comes before or what comes after)
Synonym:vaiko(emphatic)
Onko se suurivai pieni?
Is it bigor small?

Usage notes

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While it is often said thattai is to be used in affirmative clauses andvai is to be used in question clauses, a more precise difference is that while both can be used in question clauses,tai is aninclusive or, whilevai is anexclusive or. For instance, whileSöitkö sinä leiväntai hedelmät? andSöitkö sinä leivänvai hedelmät? are both correct, the former asks in a yes or no question, whether you ate either bread or fruit or not, while the latter asks which you ate, the bread or the fruit.

Derived terms

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vaiko

Adverb

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vai(colloquial)

(interrogative adverb)is that so?or what?
Tuleevai?
Oh, [he/she/it] is coming?

Anagrams

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AVI,avi,iva,via

Futuna-Aniwa

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Etymology

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FromProto-Polynesian*wai, fromProto-Oceanic*waiʀ, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*wahiʀ.

Noun

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vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

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William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Galician

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Etymology

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FromLatinvādit (Seevādō, vādere.) Usurped expecteded orí, from īt, third person singular ofeō, īre

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈbaj/[ˈba̠j]
Rhymes:-aj
Hyphenation:vai

Verb

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vai

goes;inflection ofir:
1. third-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative
É a rapaza a quevai ao monte con ovellas e cabras
It is the girl whogoes to the mountain with sheep and goats
inflection ofir:
1. third-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative

Ingrian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*vai. Cognate withFinnishvai andEstonianvõi.

Pronunciation

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(Ala-Laukaa)IPA^(key): /ˈʋɑi̯/,[ˈʋɑi̯]
(Soikkola)IPA^(key): /ˈʋɑi̯/,[ˈʋɑi̯]
Rhymes:-ɑi̯
Hyphenation:vai

Conjunction

[edit]

vai

or
- 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov,Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa) [Geography: textbook for Ingrian elementary school third grade (first part)], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 6:
  Kummaas pooleesoppilapsist ovat ikkunat -oikiaasvaikuras?
  On which sideof the students are the windows -on the rightoron the left?
- 1936, D. I. Efimov,Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page12:
  Onko se niinvai ei oo?
  Is that soor isn't it?
Used to introducepolar questions, especiallyrhetorical ones.
- 1916, Volmari Porkka, “1576.[Soikkola]. III443b”, in Väinö Salminen, V. Alava, editor,Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot‎^[4], volume III2,Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines16-18:
  Itse käin kyselömmää: // »Mitä vessät velvyeen, //Vai vessät sotivennooja?»
  Myself I started to ask him: // »What are you carving, my brother dear, // Are you carving a warship?»
- 1937, D. I. Efimov,Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page86:
  Vai siis siulle syyvvä, juuvva ei annettu?
  Then they didn't give you anything to eat, to drink?
- 1937, N. A. Iljin,Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (kolmas osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page46:
  Hää mörnää: „Mitä lykit siä?
  Vai maistaa tahot pleettiä?“
  He shouts: „Why are you pushing?
  Do you want to taste the whip,perchance?“

Synonyms

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(or):ehki,tali,(folk poetic)eli

Related terms

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vaa(“only; but”)

References

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V. I. Junus (1936),Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[5], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page136
Ruben E. Nirvi (1971),Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page630
Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014),Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎^[6],→ISBN, page79

Italian

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈvaj/
Rhymes:-aj
Hyphenation:vài

Etymology 1

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Alternative forms

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va'(imperative)

Verb

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vai

inflection ofandare:
1. second-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Verb

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vai

inflection ofvaiare:

Anagrams

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-avi,-iva,IVA,Iva,avi,via

Latvian

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromLivonianvȯi or dialectalEstonianvai; compare otherFinnic languages (Finnishvai, StandardEstonianvõi). First found occasionally in Latvian writings in the 17th century, initially as a conjunction, then as a particle, it became more frequent in the 18th century; but only in the 19th century did it really strike root in the language.^[1] Likely unrelated toSanskritवा(vā).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [vài]

This entry needs anaudio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, pleaserecord this word. The recorded pronunciationwill appear here when it's ready.

Conjunction

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vai

used toindicate adisjunction between two elements;or(in theeither-or sense, not in the sense ofa.k.a., which isjeb).
atbildi: jāvai nē! ―answer: yesor no!
viņa nezināja, ko pirkt: rozesvai neļķes ―she didn't know what to buy: rosesor carnations
used tosuggest vagueness,uncertainty, or aveiled threat;usually followed byellipsis (...);or,or else...
ja labi grib, to darbu var veikt parasts dežurants,vai brigadieris,vai (...) ―if (he) really wants, an ordinary man on duty can do this job,or a brigadier,or... (= or someone like that)
vai tas kāds noziegums, kauns,vai? — is this a crime, a shame,or what?
jums tas jādara,vai... ―you all have to do this,or else...
used tointroduce conditional subordinate clauses;whether,if
nav zināms,vai to darījis viņš ―it is not knownwhether he did it
es nezinu,vai to spēšu ―I don't knowif I will be able to
pasaki,vai es esmu nodevējs ―tell meif I am a traitor

Particle

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vai

interrogative particle, used ineither-or questions
vai tu runā latviski? ―do you speak Latvian?
vai tu dzirdi? ―do you hear? are you listening?

Noun

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vai m (invariable)

thewordvaiitself; also,implicitly, aquestion
cits pēc cita nāca tik daudzivai, ka viņa nevarēja ilgāk izturēt ―so manyvai's (= questions) came one after the other that she couldn't stand it any longer

Etymology 2

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FromProto-Indo-European*wáy(“oh!, ah!; woe!, alas!”). Cognates includeLithuanianvái,vai̇̃,Old High Germanwē,Old Englishwā,Latinvae,Germanweh,Englishwoe.^[1]

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [vāī],IPA^(key): [vài],IPA^(key): [vaî] (depending on situational intonation)

Interjection

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vai

used to express emotional responses:excitement,surprise,pain,fear,sorrow,irritation, etc.
vai, ko es daru! ―oh! what am I doing!
vai, kāds jūs līks izskatāties! ―boy, look at you! what a sight!
vai,vai, Ilma,vai, tev tikai nauda prātā! ―oh come on, Ilma, you only think about money!

References

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↑^1.0^1.1Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “vai”, inLatviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [Latvian Etymological Dictionary]‎^[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS,→ISBN

Livvi

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*vai.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈʋɑi̯/
Hyphenation:va‧i

Conjunction

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vai

or
- 2018, Tatjana Boiko, Lʹudmila Markianova,Suuri Venʹa-Karjalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Russian-Karelian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 3rd edition,→ISBN, page118:
  Kuuletvai et kuule?
  Can you hearor not?
- 2018, Tatjana Boiko, Lʹudmila Markianova,Suuri Venʹa-Karjalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Russian-Karelian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 3rd edition,→ISBN, page118:
  lähtetvai et lähte?
  Will you goor not?
if
- 2019, Tatjana Boiko,Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2rd edition,→ISBN, page311:
  Etvai tulle, suutun.
  If you don't come, i'll get angry.

Adverb

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vai

only
- 2019, Tatjana Boiko,Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2rd edition,→ISBN, page311:
  Nenga tansie voijahvai harvat.
  Only a few can dance like this.

Synonyms

[edit]

(or):libo
(if):gu,ku
(only):vaiku

References

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Tatjana Boiko (2019),Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition,→ISBN, page311
Tatjana Boiko; Lʹudmila Markianova (2018),Suuri Venʹa-Karjalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Russian-Karelian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 3rd edition,→ISBN, page118

Ludian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*vai.

Conjunction

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vai

Macanese

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Etymology

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FromPortuguesevai, fromOld Galician-Portuguesevai, and also the third-person singular present indicative inflection ofir.Sense 2 is asemantic loan fromCantonese去.

Verb

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vai

(intransitive) togo
Êle nádivai ―He will notgo
Jávai sim falâ co iou ―Heleft without talking to me
(intransitive, before a verb) togo in order to do something
Iouvai olâ si têm
I'll see if there is any
(literally, “Igo to see if there is”)
Chomâ iouvai tambâ tacho? Nádi!
Invite me to fill in for somebody who can't go? No way!
(literally, “Call meto go repair pan? No way!”)
Beto logo buscâ iouvai tifinâ
Beto will find meto go have lunch

Usage notes

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Sense 2 is especially common when Macanese write using Cantonese-influenced syntax.

Derived terms

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… vai … vêm

References

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https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm

Mangarevan

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Etymology

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FromProto-Eastern Polynesian*wai, fromProto-Nuclear Polynesian*wai, fromProto-Polynesian*wai, fromProto-Oceanic*waiʀ, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*wahiʀ.

Noun

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vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

[edit]

Edward Tregear,A Dictionary of Mangareva (or Gambier Islands) (1899)
William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Niuafo'ou

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Polynesian*wai, fromProto-Oceanic*waiʀ, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*wahiʀ.

Noun

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vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

[edit]

ABVD

Niuean

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Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Polynesian*wai, fromProto-Oceanic*waiʀ, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*wahiʀ.

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

[edit]

Niue Language Dictionary (University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1997,→ISBN)

North Efate

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Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Oceanic*waiʀ, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*wahiʀ.

Noun

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vai

water

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

North Marquesan

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Etymology

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Noun

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vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Northern Sami

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFinnishvai.

Pronunciation

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(Kautokeino)IPA^(key): /ˈvaj/

Conjunction

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vai

or(in questions, for mutually exclusive possibilities)
so that

Norwegian Bokmål

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Verb

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vai

imperative ofvaie

Nuguria

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Noun

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vai

water

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Nukuoro

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Etymology

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Noun

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vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

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Vern Carroll,An outline of the structure of the language of Nukuoro (1965)
William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Ontong Java

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Etymology

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Noun

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vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

Paraguayan Guarani

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /va.ˈi/
Rhymes:-i

Adjective

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vai

Inflection

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(che) chevai
(nde) ndevai
(ha'e) ivai
(ñande) ñandevai
(ore) orevai
(peẽ) pendevai
(ha'ekuéra) ivai

References

[edit]

Canese, Natalia Krivoshein de;Alcaraz, Feliciano Acosta (2016), “vai”, inÑe’ẽryru [Dictionary] (overall work in Spanish), Asunción: Instituto Superior de Lenguas,→ISBN,page113, column 2

Penrhyn

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Etymology

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Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Pileni

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Noun

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vai

water

References

[edit]

A Grammar of Vaeakau-Taumako (2011,→ISBN

Portuguese

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Alternative forms

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vae(pre-reform spelling)
vay(obsolete)

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromOld Galician-Portuguesevai, fromvādit(present indicative),Latinvāde(imperative). Cognate withGalicianvai andSpanishva.

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Brazil)IPA^(key): /ˈvaj/[ˈvaɪ̯]

(Portugal)IPA^(key): /ˈvaj/

(Portugal)IPA^(key): /ˈvaj/
- (Northern Portugal)IPA^(key): /ˈbaj/

(Northern Portugal)IPA^(key): [ˈbaj]
Audio(Brazil (São Paulo)): (file)
Audio(Portugal (Porto)): (file)
Rhymes:-aj
Hyphenation:vai

Verb

[edit]

vai

inflection ofir:
1. third-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative

Pukapukan

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

Rapa Nui

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Etymology

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Rarotongan

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Etymology

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Romanian

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Etymology

[edit]

Probably an expressive creation. Similar words are found in many other languages, especially Indo-European. CompareLatinvae,Albanianvaj,Italianguai,Sicilianvai,Spanishay,Ancient Greekοὐαί(ouaí),Englishwoe.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /vaj/
Audio: (file)

Interjection

[edit]

vai

alas,woe

Derived terms

[edit]

văita

Rukai

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Rukaic*vaʔi, fromProto-Austronesian*waʀi(“day; sun”).

Noun

[edit]

vai

Adjective

[edit]

vai

sunny

References

[edit]

原住民族語言線上辭典 [Online Dictionary of Indigenous Languages]‎^[8] (in Mandarin), Taipei: Indigenous Languages Research and Development Foundation,2014–2026

Samoan

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Polynesian*wai, fromProto-Oceanic*waiʀ, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*wahiʀ.

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)
crake

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Sicilian

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Perhaps fromProto-Germanic*wai(“expression of grief”).^[1] Alternatively fromAncient Greekοὐαί(ouaí), from the verse in Revelation 8:13. CompareEnglishwoe,GermanWeh,Latinvae,Italianguai.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈva.i/
Hyphenation:và‧i

Noun

[edit]

vai (only plural)

troubles,problems,hardship,misfortune
(interjection)trouble,difficulty,mess,pickle,fix,woe,jam
Minchia divai! ―That's a fuckingtrouble!

Etymology 2

[edit]

Derived fromLatinvādō. More atSicilianjiri.

Alternative forms

[edit]

va',vâ,vô,'o

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈva.i/
Hyphenation:và‧i

Verb

[edit]

vai

inflection ofjiri:
1. second-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative

References

[edit]

^vai in Treccani.it –Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

South Efate

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

vai

water

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

South Marquesan

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

vai

water

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Tahitian

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)
Synonym:pape

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

^White, Ralph Gardner (1968), “Borrowing and Taboo in Eastern Polynesia”, inThe Journal of the Polynesian Society‎^[2], volume77, number 1,→ISSN, pages64-5

Etymology 2

[edit]

CompareMāoriwai.

Pronoun

[edit]

vai

Takuu

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

Tikopia

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

[edit]

Raymond Firth, Mervyn McLean,Tikopia Songs: Poetic and Musical Art of a Polynesian People (1990)

Tokelauan

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Nuclear Polynesian*wai. Cognates includeHawaiianwai andSamoanvai.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): [ˈva.i]
Hyphenation:va‧i

Noun

[edit]

vai

References

[edit]

R. Simona, editor (1986),Tokelau Dictionary‎^[9], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page417

Tongan

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Polynesian*wai, fromProto-Oceanic*waiʀ, fromProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian*waiʀ, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*wahiʀ.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /va.i/

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)

References

[edit]

William Churchill,The Polynesian Wanderings: Tracks of the Migration Deduced (1911)

Tuvaluan

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

vai

water(clear liquid H₂O)
lake

Synonyms

[edit]

(lake):vaitūloto

References

[edit]

An Introduction to Tuvaluan (1999,→ISBN

Uneapa

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Oceanic*pai.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /βai/

Verb

[edit]

vai

toweave

Veps

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*vai.

Conjunction

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vai

References

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Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “или,либо”, inUz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[10], Petrozavodsk: Periodika