^Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997),Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies:[…]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)[1] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page405
^Topalli, Kolec (2017), “va”, inFjalor Etimologjik i Gjuhës Shqipe [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in Albanian), Durrës, Albania: Jozef, page1539
Inherited fromLatinvādit, third person singular present active indicative ofvādō. Notice the hypothetically expected "*ana", (fromambulāt; seeambulo where most other forms of anar come from) does not exist.
1 Uncommon. 2hun andins have been suggested as non-binary 3rd person singular pronouns, though these have not yet officially adopted. 3 Infrequently used as a formal alternative to the singular.
Inherited fromLatinvādit, third person singular present active indicative ofvādō, andvāde, second-person singular present active imperative of the same verb, respectively.
Mok uwana tabə̀z à mtəga, Yesuavàtetəvi à dza amiyaka tekula kà mad à gày aw, say Piyer, Yuhana, Yakuba, ŋgaha baba la iyà aŋa bəzi pəra.(Luka 8:51)[3]
Now when Jesus came to the house, he did notallowanyone to enter with him except Peter and John and James and the father and mother of the child.(Luke 8:51)
AIS:Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] –map 519: “va a caccia” – onnavigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
Ka, kha, ga, gha, ṅa, ca, cha, ja, jha, ña, ṭa, ṭha, ḍa, ḍha, ṇa, ta, tha, da, dha, na, pa, pha, ba, bha, ma, ya, ra, la,va, sa, ha, ḷa, aṃ, iti vyañjanā nāma honti.
'k', 'kh', 'g', 'gh', 'ṅ', 'c', 'ch', 'j', 'jh', 'ñ, 'ṭ', 'ṭh', 'ḍ', 'ḍh', 'ṇ', 't', 'th', 'd', 'dh', 'n', 'p', 'ph', 'b', 'bh', 'm', 'y', 'r', 'l', 'v', 's', 'h', 'ḷ' and 'ṃ', these are the consonants by name.
c.500 AD, Kaccāyana,Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar][3] (overall work in Pali), page291; republished asSatish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor,Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society,1901:
6. Vacavasavahādīnaṃ ukārovassa ye Vaca, vasa, vaha iccevamādīnaṃ dhātūnaṃ vakārassa ukāro hoti ya paccaye pare.Uccate, vuccate; vussati; vuyhati.
Vac, vas, vah etc. which have 'u'for 'va' Roots vac, vas, vah and so on etc. have 'u' from 'va' next to the ending 'ya'. Exx: uccate, vuccate; vussati; vuyhati.
Probably from the third-person singular present indicative ofvrea(“to want, to wish”), used in its special conjugation as an auxiliary verb (cf. the first-personvoi(“(I) will”), from Vulgar Latinvoleō(“I want”)).[1] This semantic shift is visible in most languages of theBalkan sprachbund, comparevoicânta(literally“I want to sing”) withSerbo-Croatianćupevati <hoću pevati,Bulgarianщепея(šte peja) <щада пея(šta da peja),Greekθατραγουδήσω(tha tragoudíso) <θέλωνα τραγουδήσω(thélo na tragoudíso),Albaniandotëkëndoj <dua të këndoj: all being somewhat reduced forms of "I wish to sing".
An alternative etymology is that it began originally as the now rare word in etymology 2 below, from forms of Latinvādere(“to go”), and was confused with conjugated forms ofvoi /vrea in Romanian; comparevoicânta(“I will sing”) to the constructions inFrenchjevaischanter andSpanishvoyacantar with the same meaning (literally, "I am going to sing").[1]
Inherited fromLatinvādit, third person singular present active indicative ofvādō. It is also rarely used as a second person singular imperative form, meaning "go", from Latinvāde (and plural formvați fromvāditis). 16th century Transylvanian documents also display respective variant formsvă andvareți. Cognate withItalian,Spanish, andFrenchva.
The conjugation for this verb is defective, with the only remaining form beingva, used in the expression "maiva", meaning "it will take longer or there is more to go (until then)".
Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Almost certainly a loanword, although I'm not sure if it's specifically from Old Khmer or not. The Khmer word is attested from 9-10th century and seemed to refer to male persons with derogatory connotation.”
Attested in theDictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651) asua,va.
Người ấy trông chừng cũng đã nhiều tuổi, thấy tôi đến gần, vẫn nằm vắt chân chéo khoeo, kéo một hơi thẳng, không thở tị tí khói nào. Tôi biết ngayva là tay lão luyện.
He seemed like a fairly old guy; as he saw me approaching, he kept lying still with his legs crossed, took a deep hit yet not letting out a whit of smoke. I knew right away thathe's a veteran [smoker].
2014, Cao Xuân Hải, “Đại từ nhân xưng trong tiếng Thanh Hóa”, inNgôn ngữ & Đời sống, volume227, number 9:
- Ông Sáng mới mua con Inova mới tinh. -Va thì thiếu chi tiền.
- Mr. Sáng has just bought a brand new Inova. - Not surprising,he doesn't seem to run out of money.
When used on its own, this word seems to be used chiefly as a literary device for narration purpose (similar to moderny), and not as a word commonly used in the spoken language. However, when occurring in compounds (such asanh va, etc.), it did seem to be used colloquially.
It did not seem to carry any inherent honorific nor pejorative function, so its connotation on its own was likely fairly neutral.
Although most attestations show its usage for males, this word was also used to refer to females, such as in Trương Vĩnh Ký'sTích Túy-Kiều (1911), which is a prose retelling of Nguyễn Du'sTruyện Kiều:
Leo qua gặp Kim-trọngdắc vào nhà, ở đó trò-chuyện, làm thơ, làm phú, đánhđờn đánh địch, thề nguyền với nhau cho một ngày một đêm; khuya lại Kim-trọng muốn xáp việc, màva không cho.
She climbed over [the wall] to meet Kim-trọng, who then invited her to come inside the estate; there they talked, wrote poetry, played instruments, and made all kinds of [lovers'] promises, all throughout that whole day; come night-time, Kim-trọng wanted to get intimate, butshe [Kiều] refused.
