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up

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "up"

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishup,op,oup, fromOld Englishupp,up,ūp(up), fromProto-West Germanic*upp,*ūp, fromProto-Germanic*upp,*eup(up).

Cognate withSaterland Frisianap(up),West Frisianop(up),Dutchop(up),German Low Germanup,op(up),Germanauf(up),Danishop(up),Swedishupp(up),Icelandicupp(up),Gothic𐌹𐌿𐍀(iup,up).

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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up (notcomparable)

  1. Indicating movement towards or location at a higher place or position.
    1. Away from the surface of theEarth or otherplanet; inopposite direction to the downward pull ofgravity.
      I lookedup and saw the airplane overhead.
      Shoots growup and roots grow down.
    2. To or at a physically higher or more elevated position.
      All day we climbedup andup.
      Lift the carpetup and look underneath.
      He livesup in the hills.
    3. To an upright or erect position.
      situp; standup; getup out of bed
    4. (figuratively) To a higher level of some quantity or notional quantity, such asprice,volume,pitch,happiness, etc.
      Gold has goneup with the uncertainty in the world markets.
      Turn itup, I can barely hear it.
      Listen to your voice goup at the end of a question.
      Cheerup, the weekend's almost here.
  2. Indicating movement in any other direction visualised as "up".
    1. To or towards what is considered the top of something, irrespective of whether this is presently physically higher.
      Go backup to the top of the page.
      As I lay on my back, a pain shotup from my toes to my chest.
    2. To thenorth (as north is at the top of typical maps).
      I live in Florida, but I'm goingup to New York to visit my family this weekend.
    3. Towards or at a central place, or any place that is visualised as 'up' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
      We travelled from Yorkshireup to London.
      I'm goingup to the other end of town.
      He livesup by the railway station.
    4. (rail transport) Towards the principalterminus, towardsmilepost zero.
    5. (UK, academia, dated) To university, especially toCambridge orOxford.
      She's goingup to read Classics this September.
      • 1867, John Timbs,Lives of wits and humourists, page125:
        The son of the Dean of Lichfield was only three years older than Steele, who was a lad of only twelve, when at the age of fifteen, Addison wentup to Oxford.
      • 1998, Rita McWilliams Tullberg,Women at Cambridge, page112:
        Others insinuated that women 'crowdedup to Cambridge', not for the benefits of a higher education, but because of the proximity of 2,000 young men.
      • 2002, Peter Harman,Cambridge Scientific Minds, page79:
        A precocious mathematician, Babbage was already well versed in the Continental mathematical notations when he wentup to Cambridge.
    6. (sailing)Against thewind orcurrent.
    7. Towards the source of a river, against the direction of flow.
      We started in London and rowed all the wayup to Oxford.
    8. (Cartesian graph) In a positive vertical direction.
  3. To or in a position of equal advance or equality; not short of, back of, less advanced than, away from, etc.; usually followed byto orwith.
    I wasup to my chin in water.
    A stranger cameup and asked me for directions.
    I'm going to be walking quickly, but try to keepup with me.
  4. (intensifier)Used as anaspect marker to indicate a completed action or state;thoroughly,completely.
    I will mixup the puzzle pieces.
    Tearup the contract.
    He really messedup.
    Please typeup our monthly report.
    Drinkup. The pub is closing.
    Can you sumup your research?
    The meteor burnedup in the atmosphere.
    I need to sewup the hole in this shirt.
  5. To one'spossession orconsideration.
    I pickedup some milk on the way home.
    The committee will takeup your request.
  6. From one'spossession orconsideration.
    She had to giveup her driver's license after the accident.
    Instead of apologising, he offeredup excuse after excuse.
  7. Aside or away, so as no longer to be present or in use.
    to layup riches; putup your weapons
  8. (cricket)Relativelyclose to thebatsman.
    The bowler pitched the ballup.
  9. (US, bartending) Without additionalice.
    A Cosmopolitan is typically servedup.

Synonyms

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  • (away from the centre of the Earth):alley oop(rare)

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) ofaway from the centre of the Earth):down
  • (antonym(s) oflouder):down
  • (antonym(s) ofhigher in pitch):down
  • (antonym(s) oftowards the principal terminus):down

Derived terms

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Related terms

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See alsoCategory:English phrasal verbs formed with "up"

Terms related toup (adverb)

Translations

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away from earth’s surface
completely, thoroughly
north
higher, louder
higher in pitch
rail transport: the direction towards milepost zero
cricket: relatively close to the batsman
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Preposition

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up

  1. Toward thetop of.
    The cat climbedup the tree.
    They walkup the steps.
    Her eyes scannedup and down the page.
  2. Toward the center, source, or main point of reference; toward the end at which something is attached.
    The information made its wayup the chain of command to the general.
    I felt something crawlingup my arm.
  3. Fromsouth tonorth of.
    We sailedup the East Coast of England from Ipswich to South Shields.
    • 2012 October 31, David M. Halbfinger,New York Times, retrieved31 October 2012:
      Though the storm ragedup the East Coast, it has become increasingly apparent that New Jersey took the brunt of it.
  4. Furtheralong (in any direction).
    Goup the street until you see the sign.
  5. From themouth towards thesource of (a river or waterway).
    He led an expeditionup the Amazon.
  6. (vulgar slang) Of a person:having sex with.
    Phwoar, look at that bird. I'd love to beup her.
  7. (colloquial)At (a given place, especially one imagined to be higher or more distant from a central location).
    I'll see you laterup the snooker club.
    • 2016,Alan Moore,Jerusalem, Liveright, published2016, page94:
      “I'll tell you how I got on in the fight if I should see youup the Smokers.”

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) oftoward the top of):down

Related terms

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Translations

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toward the top
further along
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adjective

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up (notcomparable)

  1. Facing upwards.
    Turn the cloth over so that the patterned side isup.
    • 1983, Gary E. Meek, Stephen J. Turner,Statistical Analysis for Business Decisions, page41:
      Suppose that we roll a fair die and flip a fair coin in a game that awards 10 dollars whenever one pip shows on theup face of the die and 2 dollars whenever a head shows on theup side of the coin.
    • For more quotations using this term, seeCitations:up.
  2. On or at a physically higher level.
    The flood waters areup again across large areas of the country.
  3. Headed or designated to go upward (as anescalator,stairway,elevator etc.) or toward (as arun-up).
    Where is theup escalator?
  4. Fitted or fixed at a high or relatively high position, especially on a wall or ceiling.
    All the notices areup now.
    The Christmas decorations areup.
  5. (by extension) Available to view or use; made public; posted.
    Is your new videoup yet? I looked on the website, but I couldn't find it.
  6. Aloft.
    The kite isup!
  7. Raised; lifted.
    The castle drawbridge wasup.
    Don't go into the living room just now – I've got the carpetup.
  8. Built, constructed.
    Are the new buildingsup yet?
  9. Standing;upright.
    The audience wereup and on their feet.
  10. (obsolete)Risen up,rebelling, inrevolt.
    • 1593, anonymous author,The Life and Death of Iacke Straw [],Act I:
      The fearefull newes that whilſt the flame doth but begin,
      Sad pollicie may ſerue to quench the fire:
      The Commons nowe arevp in Kent, let vs not ſuffer this firſt attempt too farre.
  11. Awake and out of bed.
    I can’t believe it’s 3 a.m. and you’re stillup.
  12. (horse-racing) Riding the horse; mounted.
  13. (of the sun or moon) Above thehorizon, in the sky.
    It'll get warmer once the sun'sup.
    • [1898],J[ohn] Meade Falkner,Moonfleet, London; Toronto, Ont.:Jonathan Cape, published1934,→OCLC:
      I have said I was still in darkness, yet it was not the blackness of the last night; and looking up into the inside of the tomb above, I could see the faintest line of light at one corner, which showed the sun wasup.
  14. Larger; greater inquantity, volume, value etc.
    Sales areup compared to last quarter.
    My temperature isup this morning.
  15. Indicating a larger or higher quantity.
    The barometer isup, so fine weather should be on the way.
  16. Ahead; leading; winning.
    The home team wereup by two goals at half-time.
  17. (predicative only)Finished, to an end
    Time isup!
    Her contract isup next month, so it's time to negotiate another one.
  18. In a goodmood.
    I’m feelingup today.
  19. (usually in the phraseup for)Willing;ready.
    If you areup for a trip, let’s go.
  20. Next in asequence.
    Smith isup to bat.
  21. (predicative only) Happening;new; of concern.See alsowhat's up,what's up with.
    What'sup, bro?
    What isup with that project at headquarters?
    When I saw his face, I knew something wasup.
  22. (poker, postnominal)Said of the higher-ranking pair in atwo pair.
    AAKK = acesup
    QQ33 = queensup
  23. Well-informed;current.
    I’m notup on the latest news. What’s going on?
  24. (computing)Functional; working.
    Is the server backup?
  25. (of a railway line or train) Traveling towards a majorterminus.
    The London train is on theup line.
  26. (US, bartending) Chilled and served without ice.
    Would you like that drinkup or on ice?
  27. (slang)Erect.(Can we add anexample for this sense? )
  28. (UK, dated) Atuniversity (especially Oxford or Cambridge).
    • 2002,Philip Pullman, “Dreaming of Spires”, inDaemon Voices, Vintage, published2017, page98:
      When I wasup (1965–68) I had a group of idle friends who occupied their time and mine betting on horses, getting drunk and sprawling about telling creepy tales.
  29. (slang, graffiti)well-known;renowned
    • 1996, Matthew Busby Hunt,The Sociolinguistics of Tagging and Chicano Gang Graffiti, page71:
      Being"up" means having numerous graffiti in the tagging landscape.
    • 2009, Gregory J. Snyder,Graffiti Lives: Beyond the Tag in New York's Urban Underground, pages16–40:
      Graffiti writers want their names seen by writers and others so that they will be famous. Therefore writers are very serious about any opportunity to “getup.”[] The throw-up became one of the fundamental techniques for gettingup, and thereby gaining recognition and fame.
    • 2011, Adam Melnyk,Visual Orgasm: The Early Years of Canadian Graffiti:
      From his great rooftop pieces, selected for high visibility, to his sneaky tags and fun loving stickers, he most certainly knows how to getup.
    • 2003, Nicolas Barker,The Devonshire Inheritance: Five Centuries of Collecting at Chatsworth:
      Won by Park Top (Lester Piggottup), at Epsom on June 5, 1969

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) offacing upwards):down
  • (antonym(s) ofon a higher level):down
  • (antonym(s) ofcomputing: functional):down
  • (antonym(s) oftraveling towards a major terminus):down

Derived terms

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Translations

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facing upwards
on a higher level
standing
awake
available
finished
in a good mood
ready, willing
next
informed about
functional
rail transport: traveling towards a major terminus
erect
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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up (countable anduncountable,pluralups)

  1. (uncountable) Thedirection opposed to the pull of gravity.
    Up is a good way to go.
  2. (countable) Apositive thing, or a time or situation when things are going well.
    I hate almost everything about my job. The onlyup is that it's so close to home.
    There are manyups to caravanning, but also many downs.
    I've been on anup all this week.
    • 1976 February 14, Michael Bumblebee, “Gay Folks and The 'Hard Times'”, inGay Community News, volume 3, number33, page 3:
      One last impression — and one of the biggest "ups" for me — was the Saturday night cultural presentations.
  3. (particle physics) Anup quark.
    Hypernym:flavor
  4. An upstairs room of a two story house.
    She lives in a two-up two-down.

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) ofdirection opposed to the pull of gravity):down

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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direction opposed to the pull of gravity

Verb

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up (third-person singular simple presentups,present participleupping,simple past and past participleupped)

  1. (transitive, poetic or in certain phrases) To physicallyraise orlift.
    Weupped anchor and sailed away.
  2. (transitive, colloquial) To increase the level or amount of.
    If weup the volume, we may be able to hear what he says.
    As usual, they'veupped the prices for Valentine's Day.
    • 2008, Randy Wayne White,Black Widow[1], page181:
      Part of the woman's mystique, I guess. Makes people want to meet her all the more. A year ago, sheupped her stock with that crowd when she bought the Midnight Star — among the world's most famous star sapphires
    • 2011 December 10, Marc Higginson, “Bolton 1 - 2 Aston Villa”, inBBC Sport[2]:
      After a dreadful performance in the opening 45 minutes, theyupped their game after the break and might have taken at least a point from the match.
    • 2023 November 29, “Network News: European services 'stifled by subsidies', says ALLRAIL”, inRAIL, number997, page21:
      It says that while European countriesupped their subsidies by 6% between 2018-20, the growth in business was only 0.45%.
  3. (transitive, colloquial) Topromote.
    It wasn’t long before theyupped him to Vice President.
    • 1940,Jessica Mitford, Peter Y. Sussman,Decca: The Letters of Jessica Mitford[3], published2010, page64:
      The other day Mr. Meyer came to see me in Weinbergers, it caused a great sensation & I thinkupped me a lot in prestige there
    • 2003, Richard K. Morgan,Altered Carbon[4], page136:
      "Ryker's a--" He swallowed. "A cop. Used to work Sleeve Theft, then theyupped him to the Organic Damage Division.
    • 2005, Larry Brody,Turning Points in Television[5], page70:
      (And who, by the way, got his start as a producer from Desi Arnaz, whoupped him from film editor to take charge of the Desilu seriesThe Untouchables
  4. (intransitive, often in combination with another verb) To rise to a standing position;hence, by extension, to act suddenly;see alsoup and.
    She was sitting there quietly, then all of a sudden sheupped and left.
    He justupped and quit.
    Heupped and punched that guy.
    • 1895, “Waltzing Matilda”,Banjo Paterson (lyrics)‎[6]:
      But the swagman heup and jumped into the waterhole,
      Drowning himself by the coolibah tree.
      And his ghost may be heard as it sings by the billabong,
      'Who'll come a'waltzing Matilda, with me.'
    • 1991,Michael Jackson, “Who Is It”:
      And she didn't leave a letter, she justupped and ran away
  5. (intransitive, archaic or poetic) To ascend; to climb up.
    • 1863,Charles Kingsley,The Water Babies, page10:
      "Will yeup, lass, and ride behind me?".
  6. (computing, slang, transitive) Toupload.
    100 new apps and games have just beenupped.

Derived terms

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terms derived from up (verb)

Translations

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increase
promote
to act suddenlyseeup and

References

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  • Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Spatial particles of orientation", inThe Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8

Anagrams

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Chinese

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Etymology 1

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From clipping ofEnglishupdate.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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up

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) toupdate

See also

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Etymology 2

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From clipping ofEnglishupload.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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up

  1. short forup主 (àpu-zhǔ)

Verb

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up

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) toupload
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of上載 (“to upload”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)上載,上傳
Northeastern MandarinTaiwan上傳
CantoneseHong Kong上載,upload,up
Southern MinTaipeiap-lóo,傳起去,上傳

Etymology 3

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FromEnglishup.

Noun

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up

  1. above
    三十up  ― sānshíup  ―  above thirty (years old)

Etymology 4

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Irregular romanisation of(ngap1).

Verb

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up

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese)alternative form of(ngap1)
Derived terms
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Middle Dutch

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Preposition

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up

  1. alternative form ofop

Adverb

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up

  1. alternative form ofop

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Englishupp,ūp, fromProto-West Germanic*upp,*ūp, fromProto-Germanic*upp,*eup.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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up

  1. to avertical axis

Descendants

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References

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Mokilese

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Noun

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up

  1. sheet

Old Dutch

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*upp

Adverb

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ūp

  1. up, upwards

References

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Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*upp, akin toOld High Germanūf,Old Norseupp.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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up

  1. up
    • "Gospel of Saint Luke", chapter 19, verse 4
      Þā arn hē beforan and stāhūp on ān trēow. Sicomorum þ hē hine ġesāwe. forþām þe hē wolde þanon faran...
      Then he ran in front and climbed (lit. ascended)up on a tree. From sycamores that he saw him. For which he would go from there.
  2. upwards
    • late 9th century,King Alfred'stranslation ofBoethius'Metres of Boethius, lines 85-89
      Mid þȳ is ġetācnod þæt his trēowa sceal, and his mōdġeþonc, māup þonne niþer habban tō heofonum.
      By that is betokened, that his trust shall, and his mind, moreupwards than downwards aspire to the heavens.

Descendants

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  • Middle English:up
    • English:up

Old Saxon

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*upp.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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ūp

  1. up

Preposition

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ūp

  1. upon

Yola

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Adverb

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up

  1. alternative form ofap
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page86:
      Vrem ee Choure here alogheup to Cargun.
      From the Choure here belowup to Cargun.
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page86:
      Our eein wode b' mistern t' dearntup ee skee.
      Our eyes would be dazzled to lookup to the sky.
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number10, page88:
      T' brekup ee bathès h' had na poustee;
      To breakup the goal they had not power;
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number11, page88:
      Up caame ee ball, an a dap or a kewe
      Up came the ball, and a tap or a shove
    • 1867, “SONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page108:
      Duggès an kauddès coome lickup a rhyme,
      Dogs and cats came to lickup the cream.
    • 1867, “SONG”, inSONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page108:
      Hea tookup a lounnick, an knockt udh aar bryne.
      He tookup the churn-dash and knock'd out their brain.

References

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  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor,A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published1867,page86
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