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trial

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishtrial,triall, fromAnglo-Normantrial,triel, fromtrier(“to pick out, cull”) +-al. More at Englishtry.

Noun

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

trial (pluraltrials)

  1. Anoccasion on which aperson orthing istested to find out how well theyperform or howsuitable they are.
    Synonym:test
    • c.1611,William Shakespeare,The Tempest‎[1], Act IV, Scene 1:
      all thy vexations / Were but mytrials of thy love and thou / Hast strangely stood the test here
    • 1847,Anne Brontë, chapter 3, inAgnes Grey‎[2], London: Thomas Cautley Newby, page51:
      had my powers been less limited, I might have enforced obedience; but as it was, it was but atrial of strength between her and me, in which she generally came off victorious
    • 2010,Nadifa Mohamed,Black Mamba Boy‎[3], Harper Collins, page65:
      Jama saw the sweaty, smelly work as a kind of test that, if passed, would entitle him to see his father, atrial of his worth as a son and as a man.
    1. The testing of aproduct orprocedure.
      They will perform thetrials for the new equipment next week.
    2. (medicine, sciences, research) Aresearchstudy to test theeffectiveness andsafety of adrug, medical procedure, etc.
      Synonym:clinical trial
      A randomized, controlledtrial (RCT).
    3. An event in whichathletes’ or animals’ abilities are tested as theycompete for a place on a team, or to move on to the next level of achampionship, for example.
      soccertrials; sheepdogtrials
    4. (ceramics) A piece ofware used to test theheat of akiln.
    5. (UK) Aninternalexamination set byEton College.
    6. (archaic) An occasion on whicharmies or individuals meet incombat.
  2. A meeting or series of meetings in acourt of law at whichevidence is presented to ajudge (and sometimes ajury) to allow them todecide on alegal matter (especially whether anaccused person isguilty of acrime).
    Synonym:court case
    If you are convicted attrial, you have the right to file an appeal.
    He was charged with war crimes and brought totrial before the International Tribunal.
    The journalists have been held in custody for three years withouttrial.
  3. Adifficult orannoyingexperience or person;(especially religion) such an experience seen as atest offaith andpiety.
    That boy was atrial to his parents.
    • 1678,John Bunyan,The Pilgrim’s Progress‎[7], London: Nath. Ponder, page172:
      That they are Cowards, many have said, but few have found it so in the time ofTrial.
    • 1818,Mary Shelley, chapter 5, inFrankenstein‎[8], volume 1, London: Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, & Jones, page120:
      Poor Justine was very ill; but othertrials were reserved for her.
    • 1908,Lucy Maud Montgomery, chapter 12, inAnne of Green Gables‎[9], Toronto: Ryerson Press, page108:
      I’m afraid I’m going to be a dreadfultrial to you. Maybe you’d better send me back to the asylum.
    • 1955,J. R. R. Tolkien, chapter 4, inThe Return of the King‎[10], New York: Ballantine Books, published1973, page98:
      […] I’m not used[…] to waiting hungry on others while they eat. It is a soretrial for a hobbit, that.
    • 2008,Tan Twan Eng,The Gift of Rain‎[11], New York: Weinstein Books,Book 2, Chapter 13, p. 365:
      You must be strong now, for your greatesttrials are still ahead.
  4. (archaic) The action oftrying (to do) something, especially more than once. (This sense is still current in the expressiontrial and error.)
    Synonyms:attempt,try
    • 1719,Daniel Defoe,Robinson Crusoe‎[12], London: W. Taylor, page123:
      Finding my first Seed did not grow, which I easily imagin’d was by the Drought, I sought for a moister Piece of Ground to make anotherTrial in,
    • 1839,Charles Dickens, chapter 28, inOliver Twist‎[13], volume 2, London: Richard Bentley, page144:
      He summoned up all his strength for one lasttrial, and bent his faltering steps towards [the house].
    • 1913,Willa Cather, chapter 1, inO Pioneers!‎[14], Boston: Houghton Mifflin, page18:
      After a dozentrials he succeeded in lighting the lantern,
    • 1950,Rachel Carson, chapter 1, inThe Sea Around Us‎[15], New York: Oxford University Press, published1961, page 7:
      Before the first living cell was created, there may have been manytrials and failures.
Derived terms
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Translations
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chance to test something out
a try-out to pick team members
meeting in a court of law
difficult experience

Adjective

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trial (notcomparable)

  1. Pertaining to a trial or test.
  2. Attempted on a provisional or experimental basis.
Translations
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pertaining to a trial or test
attempted on a provisional or experimental basis

Verb

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trial (third-person singular simple presenttrials,present participle(UK)triallingor(US)trialing,simple past and past participle(UK)trialledor(US)trialed)

  1. (transitive) To carry out a series oftests on (a new product, procedure etc.) before marketing or implementing it.
    The warning system was extensivelytrialed before being fitted to all our vehicles.
    • 2020 April 22, “Network News: Bombardier resumes work at Derby Litchurch Lane”, inRail, page 9:
      In the week beginning April 6, the company begantrialling the new processes - these include greater spacing, split shifts, additional safety requirements and washing facilities.
  2. (transitive) To try out (a new player) in a sports team.
    The teamtrialled a new young goalkeeper in Saturday's match, with mixed results.
Derived terms
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Terms derived from the noun, adjective, or verbtrial
Translations
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to carry out a series of tests on a new product
to select members of a team

Etymology 2

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FromLatintri- (stem oftrēs(“three”)) +-al, on the pattern ofdual.

Adjective

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trial (notcomparable)

  1. Characterized by having three (usually equivalent) components.
  2. Triple.
  3. (grammar) Pertaining to a language form referring to three of something, like people. (SeeAmbai language for an example.)
    Coordinate terms:singular,dual,plural
    No language has atrial number unless it has a dual.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Characterized by having three (usually equivalent) components
Triple
pertaining to a language form referring to three of something

Noun

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trial (pluraltrials)

  1. (grammar) Thetrial number.

See also

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Anagrams

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Dutch

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DutchWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedianl

Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishtrial.

Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation:tri‧al

Noun

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trial m (pluraltrials,diminutivetrialtje n)

  1. cross with small but sturdy and very versatilemotorcycles,cars orbicycles

Italian

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishtrial.

Noun

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trial m (invariable)

  1. (sports)trials (motorcycle etc.)

Anagrams

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Old French

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Etymology

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trier(“to try such as in a court of law”) +‎-al.

Noun

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trialoblique singular, m (oblique pluraltriausortriaxortrials,nominative singulartriausortriaxortrials,nominative pluraltrial)

  1. trial (legal procedure)

Usage notes

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  • due to lack ofattestation, the precise meaning is uncertain

Descendants

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References

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