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touch

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Touch

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishtouchen,tochen, fromOld Frenchtochier(“to touch”) (whence ModernFrenchtoucher; compare French doublettoquer(“to offend, bother, harass”)), fromVulgar Latin*tuccō(“to knock, strike, offend”), fromFrankish*tukkōn(“to knock, strike, touch”), fromProto-Germanic*tukkōną(“to tug, grab, grasp”), fromProto-Indo-European*dewk-(“to draw, pull, lead”). Largely displaced nativeMiddle Englishrinen, fromOld Englishhrīnan (whenceModern Englishrine). Doublet oftuck.

Cognates

Cognate withOld High Germanzochhōn,zuhhōn(“to grasp, take, seize, snatch”) (whenceGermanzucken(“to jerk, flinch”)),German Low Germantucken,tocken(“to fidget, twitch, pull up, entice, throb, knock, repeatedly tap”),Middle Dutchtocken,tucken(“to touch, entice”) (whenceDutchtokkelen(“to strum, pluck”)),Old Englishtucian,tūcian(“to disturb, mistreat”) (whence Modern Englishtuck). Compare alsoOld High Germantokkōn,tockōn(“to abut, collide”). Outside Germanic, cognate toAlbaniancek(“to touch”),Old Church Slavonicтъкнѫти(tŭknǫti). More attuck,take.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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touch (third-person singular simple presenttouches,present participletouching,simple past and past participletouched)

  1. Primarily physical senses.
    1. (transitive) Tomake physicalcontact with; tobring the hand, finger or otherpart of the body into contact with.[from 14th c.]
      Synonyms:contact;see alsoThesaurus:feel
      Itouched hisface softly.
      • 1803,Walter Savage Landor, “Book VI”, inGebir; a Poem: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Slatter and Munday; and sold by R. S. Kirby, […],→OCLC,page107:
        While thus she spake, / Shetoucht his eye-lashes with libant lip / And breath'd ambrosial odours;[…]
    2. (transitive) Tocome into (involuntary) contact with; tomeet orintersect.[from 14th c.]
      Sitting on thebench, thehem of herskirttouched the ground.
    3. (intransitive) To come into physical contact, or to be in physical contact.[from 14th c.]
      Theystoodnext to each other, their shoulderstouching.
    4. (intransitive) To make physical contact with a thing.[from 14th c.]
      Please can I have alook, if I promise not totouch?
    5. (transitive) To physicallydisturb; to interfere with, molest, or attempt toharmthrough contact.[from 14th c.]
      If youtouch her, I'll kill you.
    6. (transitive) To makeintimate physical contact with a person.
      Synonyms:caress,fondle,grope
      The man was arrested fortouching a girl without her consent.
    7. (transitive or reflexive) To sexually excite with the fingers; tofinger ormasturbate.[from 20th c.]
      Her parents hadcaught hertouching herself when she was fifteen.
    8. To havesexual intercourse with
      Tell me the truth, did youtouch her?
    9. (transitive) To cause to be briefly in physical contact with something.
      He quicklytouched his knee to the worn marble.
      The demonstrator nearlytouched the rod on the ball.
      Shetouched her lips to the glass.
    10. (transitive) To physically affect in specific waysimplied by context.[from 15th c.]
      Frankly, thiswood's sostrong that sandpaper won'ttouch it.
    11. (transitive) To begin toconsume, or otherwise use.[from 15th c.]
      Synonyms:seeThesaurus:ingest
      Are you allright? You've hardlytouched your lunch.
      • 1959,Georgette Heyer, chapter 1, inThe Unknown Ajax:
        But Richmond[…]appeared tolose himself in his own reflections. Some pickled crab, which he had nottouched, had been removed with a damsonpie; and his sister saw[…]that he had eaten no more than a spoonful of that either.
    12. (intransitive) Of aship or its passengers: toland, to make ashortstop (at).[from 16th c.]
    13. (transitive, now historical) To layhands on (someone suffering fromscrofula) as aform ofcure, as formerly practised by English and French monarchs.[from 17th c.]
      • 1971,Keith Thomas,Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society, published2012, page189:
        But in fact the Englishkings of the seventeenth century usually began totouch form the day of their accession, without waiting for any such consecration.
    14. (intransitive, obsolete) Tofasten; to take effect; to makeimpression.
      • 1627 (indicated as1626),Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, inSylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […];[p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […],→OCLC:
        Strong waterspierce metals, and willtouch upon gold, that will nottouch upon silver.
    15. (nautical) To bring (a sail) so close to thewind that its weather leech shakes.
    16. (intransitive, nautical) To be brought, as asail, soclose to the wind that its weatherleech shakes.
    17. (nautical) To keep the ship as near (the wind) as possible.
      totouch the wind
  2. Primarily non-physical senses.
    1. (transitive) Toimbue orendow with a specific quality.[from 14th c.]
      My grandfather, as many people know, wastouched with greatness.
      • 1988 April 9, Vicki Gabriner, “Dancing for the Living and the Dead”, inGay Community News, page 6:
        This year, J. Allen Collier, the artistic director and producer, invited choreographers to create dance pieces exploring the multi-faceted responses to the AIDS crisis. This thematic unitytouched the show with additional solemnity and grace.
    2. (transitive, archaic) To deal with inspeech or writing; tomention briefly, toallude to.[from 14th c.]
      Synonyms:seeThesaurus:mention
      • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym;Robert Burton],The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps,→OCLC:
        , I.2.4.vii:
        Next to sorrow still I may annex such accidents as procurefear; for besides those terrors which I have beforetouched, […] there is a superstitious fear […] which much trouble many of us.
    3. (intransitive) To deal with in speech or writing; briefly to speak or write (on orupon something).[from 14th c.]
      Synonyms:refer;see alsoThesaurus:pertain
    4. (transitive) Toconcern, to have to do with.[14th–19th c.]
      • 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.],The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany:Peter Schöffer],→OCLC,Acts:
        Men of Israhell take hede to youreselves what ye entende to do astouchinge these men.
      • 1897 December (indicated as1898),Winston Churchill, chapter I, inThe Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.:The Macmillan Company; London:Macmillan & Co., Ltd.,→OCLC:
        The stories did not seem to me totouch life. They were plainly intended to have a bracing moral effect, and perhaps had this result for the people at whom they were aimed. They left me with the impression of a well-delivered stereopticon lecture, with characters about as life-like as the shadows on the screen, and whisking on and off, at the mercy of the operator.
      • 1919,Saki, ‘The Penance’,The Toys of Peace, Penguin 2000(Complete Short Stories), page 423:
        And now it seemed he was engaged in something whichtouched them closely, but must be hidden from their knowledge.
    6. (transitive) To affect emotionally; to bring abouttender or painful feelings in.[from 14th c.]
      Synonyms:affect,move,stir
      Stefan wastouched by the song's message of hope.
    7. (transitive, dated) Toaffect in a negative way, especially only slightly.[from 16th c.]
      He had been drinking over lunch, and was clearlytouched.
    8. (transitive, Scottish history) To giveroyal assent to by touching it with thesceptre.[from 17th c.]
      The bill was finallytouched after many hours of deliberation.
    9. (transitive, slang) To obtain money from, usually byborrowing (from a friend).[from 18th c.]
      I was running short, so Itouched old Bertie for a fiver.
    10. (transitive, always passive) Todisturb the mental functions of; to make somewhatinsane; often followed with "in the head".[from 18th c.]
      Synonyms:dement;see alsoThesaurus:becraze
      You must betouched if you think I'm taking your advice.
    11. (transitive, in negative constructions) To be on thelevel of; to approach in excellence or quality.[from 19th c.]
      Synonyms:match,rival;see alsoThesaurus:be equal
      • 1928,Dorothy L. Sayers, “The Abominable History of the Man with Copper Fingers”, inLord Peter Views the Body:
        There was his mistress, Maria Morano. I don't think I've ever seen anything totouch her, and when you work for the screen [as I do] you're apt to have a pretty exacting standard of female beauty.
      • 1934,Agatha Christie, chapter 6, inMurder on the Orient Express, London: HarperCollins, published2017, page118:
        'Lind Arden was a great genius, one of the greatest tragic actresses in the world. As Lady Macbeth, as Magda, there was no one totouch her.'
    12. (transitive) To come close to; toapproach.
      Synonym:near
      • 2012 July 15, Richard Williams,Tour de France 2012: Carpet tacks cannot force Bradley Wiggins off track‎[1], Guardian Unlimited:
        On Sunday afternoon it was as dark as night, with barely room for two riders abreast on a gradient thattouches 20%.
    13. (transitive, computing) To mark (a file or document) as having been modified.
  3. Totry; toprove, as with atouchstone.
    Synonym:test
  4. To mark or delineate with touches; to add a slight stroke to with the pencil or brush.
    • 1711 May, [Alexander Pope],An Essay on Criticism, London: […] W[illiam] Lewis […]; and sold by W[illiam] Taylor […], T[homas] Osborn[e] […], and J[ohn] Graves […],→OCLC:
      The lines, thoughtouched but faintly, are drawn right.
  5. (obsolete) Toinfect; toaffect slightly.
  6. Tostrike; tomanipulate; toplay on.
    totouch an instrument of music
    • 1667,John Milton, “Book VII”, inParadise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […];[a]nd by Robert Boulter […];[a]nd Matthias Walker, […],→OCLC; republished asParadise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […],1873,→OCLC:
      [They]touched their golden harps.
  7. Toperform, as a tune; toplay.
  8. Toinfluence byimpulse; toimpel forcibly.
    • 1667,John Milton, “Book X”, inParadise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […];[a]nd by Robert Boulter […];[a]nd Matthias Walker, […],→OCLC; republished asParadise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […],1873,→OCLC:
      No decree of mine,[…][to]touch with lightest moment of impulse his free will.

Conjugation

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Conjugation oftouch
infinitive(to)touch
present tensepast tense
1st-personsingulartouchtouched,toucht†
2nd-personsingulartouch,touchest†touched,touchedst†,toucht†
3rd-personsingulartouches,toucheth†touched,toucht†
pluraltouch
subjunctivetouchtouched,toucht†
imperativetouch—
participlestouchingtouched,toucht†

Derived terms

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Translations

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make physical contact with
affect emotionally

Noun

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touch (countable anduncountable,pluraltouches)

  1. An act of touching, especially with thehand orfinger.
    Synonyms:contact,contaction,taction
    Suddenly, in the crowd, I felt atouch at my shoulder.
  2. The faculty or sense of perception by physical contact.
    Synonyms:tactition;see alsoThesaurus:tactition
    With the lights out, she had to rely ontouch to find her desk.
  3. The style or technique with which one plays amusical instrument.
    He performed one of Ravel's piano concertos with a wonderfully light and playfultouch.
  4. (music) The particular or characteristic mode of action, or the resistance of the keys of an instrument to the fingers.
    a heavytouch, or a lighttouch
  5. A distinguishing feature or characteristic.
    Synonyms:trait;see alsoThesaurus:characteristic
    Clevertouches like this are what make her such a brilliant writer.
  6. A little bit; a small amount.
    Synonyms:smidgen;see alsoThesaurus:modicum
    Move it left just atouch and it will be perfect.
    I'd like to see atouch more enthusiasm in the project.
    • c.1593 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act IV, scene iv]:
      Madam, I have atouch of your condition.
    • 1886, “The Masked Bob-white (Colinus ridgewayi) of Arizona, and its Allies”, in Joel Asaph Allen, editor,Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, American Museum of Natural History, page282:
      In another example, there are a fewtouches of white above the eye, and a white postocular stripe, which becomes quite broad where it terminates on the side of the neck.
    • 1894, “From Month to Month”, inThe Chronicle of theLondon Missionary Society‎[2], number33, Readers Union,→OCLC,page220:
      We had looked forward to four or five days' work in Ying-shan similar to that in Yün-mung, but at the end of our two days' walk from the one city to the other (they lie more than fifty miles apart), Mr. Terrell had atouch of fever, so we judged it best to remain in Ying-shan only for a day and then travel as quickly as possible by chair to Teh-ngan to consult our good friend, Dr. Morley, of the Wesleyan Mission Hospital in that city, and from thence take boat for Hankow....
  7. The part of a sports field beyond thetouchlines or goal-lines.
    He got the ball, and kicked it straight out intotouch.
  8. (uncountable, in set phrases) Arelationship of closecommunication orunderstanding.
    Synonyms:connection,contact
    He promised to keep intouch while he was away.
    losetouch
  9. The ability to perform a task well;aptitude.
    Synonyms:proficiency;see alsoThesaurus:skill
    I used to be a great chess player but I've lost mytouch.
    • 2011 September 29, Jon Smith, “Tottenham 3 - 1 Shamrock Rovers”, inBBC Sport‎[3]:
      Rovers' hopes of pulling off one of the great European shocks of all time lasted just 10 minutes before Spurs finally found their scoringtouch.
  10. (obsolete) Act or power of exciting emotion.
  11. (obsolete) Anemotion oraffection.
    Synonyms:feeling;see alsoThesaurus:emotion
  12. (obsolete) Personal reference or application.
  13. A singlestroke on adrawing or apicture.
    • 1695,John Dryden,The Art of Painting:
      Never give the leasttouch with your pencil till you have well examined your design.
  14. (obsolete) Abriefessay.
    Synonyms:essayette,essaylet,miniessay
  15. (obsolete) Atouchstone; hence, stone of the sort used for touchstone.
  16. (obsolete)Examination ortrial by some decisive standard;test;proof; tried quality.
  17. (shipbuilding) The broadest part of aplank workedtop and but, or of one worked anchor-stock fashion (that is, tapered from the middle to both ends); also, the angles of thesterntimbers at thecounters.
    • 1711, William Sutherland,The Ship-Builder's Assistant:
      Set off the exact Length forward and aftward from the Observation of the rising of the Keel, by Shipwrights called theTouch, or Place where the Keel's upper Part ends to be streight.
  18. The children's game oftag.
    Synonyms:it;see alsoThesaurus:tag
  19. (bell-ringing) A set ofchanges less than the total possible on seven bells, i.e. less than 5,040.
  20. (slang) An act ofborrowing orstealing something; a request formoney.
    • 1821,David Haggart,Life of David Haggart, 2nd edition, Edinburgh: James Ballantyne & Co,page105:
      But towards evening I got atouch at a cove's suck, and eased him of twenty-two quids and a lil, which I took in the usual manner, when he was entering the inn door.
    • 2017, Mike Houlihan,Nothin's On The Square: 82 Days on the Mayoral Campaign:
      Supposedly Pickle has a line on a group of wealthy donors who were about to make a big drop on Chuy's campaign, now that he is in the runoff. I ask Pickle about the timing of this donation because Crawford and I are about to put thetouch on the campaign for another five grand.
    • 2023, Jo Draxler,A Single Breath of Air:
      Brody would have to pay her, so if all else failed she would have some control. She would have sex onher terms, not his. She would give him the relief he craved, and also relieve him of 500 quid while she was at it. A sweet littletouch to keep her ahead of the game.
  21. (slang) The extent to which a person is interested or affected; the amount ofoutlay on something.
    Synonyms:consideration,expenditure,payment
    • 1804, William Henry Ireland,The Woman of Feeling, volume 2, page232:
      Such was Tim Whiffle on the Sunday, with the addition of a cane to indicate riding, it is true he had long had apenchant to a pair of spurs but did not as yet sport them, although a half crowntouch at some livery stables was positively decided upon in his own mind, though hitherto the dread of a fall from a horse had prevented the execution of his magnanimous plan.
  22. (UK, plumbing, dated)Tallow.
  23. Form; standard of performance.
  24. (Australian rules football) A disposal of the ball during a game, i.e. akick or ahandball.
  25. (chiefly Australia)touch football (a variant of rugby league that does not involve tackling)

Derived terms

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Translations

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act of touching
sense of perception by physical contact
style or technique
distinguishing feature
small amount
part of a sportsfield
close communication
ability to perform a task
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

References

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  1. ^Stanley, Oma (1937), “I. Vowel Sounds in Stressed Syllables”, inThe Speech of East Texas (American Speech: Reprints and Monographs; 2),New York:Columbia University Press,→DOI,→ISBN,§ 12, page27.
  2. ^Hall, Joseph Sargent (2 March 1942), “1. The Vowel Sounds of Stressed Syllables”, inThe Phonetics of Great Smoky Mountain Speech (American Speech: Reprints and Monographs; 4),New York:King's Crown Press,→DOI,→ISBN,§ 11, page41.

Further reading

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  • “touch”, inOneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

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Italian

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishtouch (screen).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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touch (invariable)

  1. (technology) beingtouch screen(of a screen)

Middle High German

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (before 13th CE)/ˈtou̯x/

Verb

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touch

  1. first/third-personsingularpastindicative oftūchen

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishtouch (screen).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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touch (invariable)

  1. (technology) beingtouch screen(of a screen)

Spanish

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Adjective

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touch (invariable)

  1. touch;touch-screen

Swedish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchtouche. First attested in 1798[1]

Noun

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touch c

  1. Agraze(scratching or injuring lightly on passing)[since 1836][1]
    • 2025 May 12, Lovisa Gelin, “Pendeltåg i kollision med fordon utanför Linköping [Commuter train in collision with vehicle outside Linköping]”, inSVT Nyheter:
      Arbetsfordonet ska ha fått en kraftigtouch av tåget och tre personer som arbetade med spåret skadades, en av dem fick någon form av klämskada, men de var vakna och talbara, säger Christian Lind, vakthavande befäl vid räddningstjänsten Östra Götaland.
      The work vehicle is said to have received a heavytouch from the train and three people who were working on the track were injured, one of them sustained some form of crush injury, but they were awake and able to speak, says Christian Lind, on-duty officer at the Eastern Götaland Rescue Service.
  2. Atouch; asubtle orminimalamount of something, often adding a particularcharacter,style, orflavour; ahint ortrace.
    en fransktouch
    a Frenchtouch
    entouch pepparrot
    ahint of horseradish
    Near-synonym:gnutta

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ↑1.01.1touche inSvenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
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