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thin

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Thìn,þin,þín,thiⁿ,thîn,andtħin

English

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishthinne,thünne,thenne, fromOld Englishþynne, fromProto-West Germanic*þunnī, fromProto-Germanic*þunnuz(“thin”) – compare*þanjaną(“to stretch, spread out”) – fromProto-Indo-European*ténh₂us(“thin”), from*ten-(“to stretch”).

Cognate withGermandünn,Dutchdun,West Frisiantin,Icelandicþunnur,Danishtynd,Swedishtunn,Latintenuis,Irishtanaí,Welshtenau,Latviantievs,Polishcienki,Russianтонкий(tonkij),Sanskritतनु(tanú,“thin”),Persianتنگ(tang,“narrow”).Doublet oftenuis. Also related totenuous.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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thin (comparativethinner,superlativethinnest)

Woman with athin waist
  1. Having littlethickness orextent from onesurface to its opposite.
    thin plate of metal; thin paper; thin board; thin covering
    • 1853, Charles MacFarlane,Kismet: or, The doom of Turkey, page66:
      It was no mystery at all, or a mystery covered only with thethinnest and most transparent veil, that forced abortion is a common practice among Turkish women. The horrible secret as to the means and the drugs to be employed is pretty generally known, and where ignorance prevails there are "wise women," old hags, professional abortists, who go about the country relieving matrons of their burthens for a few piastres apiece[…]
    • 1943 November –1944 February (date written; published1945 August 17),George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair],Animal Farm […], London:Secker & Warburg, publishedMay 1962,→OCLC:
      Out of spite, the human beings pretended not to believe that it was Snowball who had destroyed the windmill: they said that it had fallen down because the walls were toothin.
    • 2019 August 6, Ashley Strickland, “Scientists just created the world’s thinnest gold and it’s two atoms thick”, inCNN‎[1]:
      The newest form of gold created in a lab is the thickness of two atoms, according to a new study. It’s only 0.47 nanometers thick, which is one million timesthinner than a human finger nail.[…] This makes it thethinnest unsupported gold ever created and it could be used in electronics and medical devices going forward.
      The gold is made up of two layers of atoms stacked on top of each other. But don’t let the thin structure fool you.
  2. Verynarrow in all diameters;having across section that is small in all directions.
    Synonym:twiggy
    thin wire;thin string
    • 2015 July 6, “Assessment of the Impact of Zoledronic Acid on Ovariectomized Osteoporosis Model Using Micro-CT Scanning”, inPLOS ONE‎[2],→DOI:
      Typically, osteoporosis causes the amount of trabecular bone to be reduced and the bone to becomethinner, while the intertrabecular space enlarges and the interconnected structure of trabecular bone is disrupted.
  3. Having little body fat or flesh;slim;slender;lean;gaunt.
    thin person
  4. Of lowviscosity or lowspecific gravity.
    Water isthinner than honey.
  5. Scarce; not close, crowded, or numerous; not filling the space.
    The trees of a forest arethin; the corn or grass isthin.
    • 1705,J[oseph] Addison,Remarks on Several Parts of Italy, &c. in the Years 1701, 1702, 1703, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […],→OCLC:
      Ferrara is very large, but extremelythin of people.
  6. (golf) Describing a poorly playedgolf shot where the ball is struck by the bottom part of the club head. Seefat,shank,toe.
  7. Lacking body or volume; small; feeble; not full.
    athin, tight-lipped smile
    • 1690,[John] Dryden,Don Sebastian, King of Portugal: […], London: […] Jo. Hindmarsh, […],→OCLC,(please specify the page number):
      thin, hollow sounds, and lamentable screams
  8. Slight; small; slender; flimsy; superficial; inadequate; not sufficient for a covering.
    athin disguise
  9. (aviation) Of a route: relatively little used.
    • 2016, Hartmut Wolf, Peter Forsyth, David Gillen,Liberalization in Aviation, page105:
      In short, we previously found thatthin routes benefit from an increase in competition in the Spanish airline market when considering routes that were monopoly routes in 2001.
  10. Poor; scanty; without money or success.
    • 1945, Jack Henry,What Price Crime?, page92:
      Like their friends the "draggers," the "hoisters" or shoplifters are having athin time these days,[…]

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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having little thickness or extent from one surface to its opposite
very narrow in all diameters; having a cross section that is small in all directions
having little body fat or flesh; slim; slender; lean; gaunt
of low viscosity or low specific gravity—see alsowatery,‎liquidy,‎diluted
scarce
golf: of a poorly played golf shot
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked‌: "slim, narrow in size"

Noun

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thin (pluralthins)

  1. (philately) A loss or tearing of paper from the back of a stamp, although not sufficient to create a complete hole.
  2. Anyfood produced or served in thin slices.
    chocolate mintthins
    potatothins
    wheatthins

Translations

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loss of material
food served in thin slices

Verb

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thin (third-person singular simple presentthins,present participlethinning,simple past and past participlethinned)

  1. (transitive) To make thin orthinner.
  2. (intransitive) To become thin orthinner.
    The crowdsthinned after the procession had passed: there was nothing more to see.
  3. Todilute.
  4. Toremove someplants or parts of plants in order to improve the growth of what remains.
    • 2015 September 5,Mark Diacono, “In praise of the Asian pear”, inThe Daily Telegraph (Gardening)‎[3], archived fromthe original on12 September 2015, page 3:
      So floriferous are Asian pears, and the tree so laden with young fruit, that as the tree approaches maturity it is worth consideringthinning the fruit (I can't quite bring myself tothin the flowers) so as to neither overburden the tree for this year nor tire it for the next.Thinning early in the season, while the fruit is small, is ideal.

Derived terms

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Translations

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to make thinner
to become thinner
to dilute
to remove plants

Adverb

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thin (comparativemorethin,superlativemostthin)

  1. Not thickly or closely; in a scattered state.
    seed sownthin
    • a.1627 (date written),Francis [Bacon], “Considerations Touching a Warre with Spaine. […]”, inWilliam Rawley, editor,Certaine Miscellany Works of the Right Honourable Francis Lo. Verulam, Viscount S. Alban. […], London: […] I. Hauiland forHumphrey Robinson, […], published1629,→OCLC:
      Spain is a nationthin sown of people.

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Determiner

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thin (subjective pronounþou)

  1. alternative form ofþin(“thy”)

Pronoun

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thin (subjectiveþou)

  1. alternative form ofþin(“thine”)

Etymology 2

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Adjective

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thin

  1. alternative form ofthinne(“thin”)

Mizo

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Etymology

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FromProto-Kuki-Chin*thin, fromProto-Sino-Tibetan*m-sin.

Noun

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thin

  1. liver

Further reading

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Old Dutch

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Etymology

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FromProto-West Germanic*þīn.

Determiner

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thīn

  1. thy,your(singular)
  2. thine,yours

Inflection

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Declension ofthin — Strong only
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativethīnthīnthīn
Accusativethīninthīnathīn
Genitivethīnisthīnrothīnis
Dativethīninthīnrothīnin
Instrumentalthīninthīnrothīnin
PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativethīnathīnathīna
Accusativethīnathīnathīna
Genitivethīnrothīnrothīnro
Dativethīnonthīnonthīnon
Instrumentalthīn-thīn-thīn-

Descendants

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Further reading

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  • “thīn”, inOudnederlands Woordenboek,2012

Old Frisian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-West Germanic*þīn, whence alsoOld Englishþīn,Old High Germandīn,Old Norseþinn.

Determiner

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thīn

  1. thy,your (singular)

Declension

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Declension ofthīn — Strong only
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativethīnthīn,thīnethīn
Accusativethīnene,thīnnethīnethīn
Genitivethīnesthīnere,thīnrethīnes
Dativethīnethīnere,thīnrethīne
Plural
Nominativethīne
Accusativethīne
Genitivethīnera,thīnra
Dativethīne

Descendants

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  • West Frisian:dyn

Pronoun

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thīn

  1. genitive ofthū:thine (yours)

Declension

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Old Frisian personal pronoun declensions
nominativeaccusativedativegenitive
singular1st personikmīmīmīn
2nd personthūthīthīthīn
3rd
person		mhīhinehimsīn
fhiū,hiōhiāhire,hiārehire,hiāre
nhithithimsīn
plural1st personwīūsūsūser
2nd personjījū,jōjū,jōjūwer
3rd personhiāhiāhim,hirem,hiāremhira,hiāra

Old High German

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Pronunciation

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Determiner

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thīn

  1. alternative form ofdin

References

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  • Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer, Second Edition

Old Saxon

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-West Germanic*þīn.

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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thīn

  1. thy,your(singular)
  2. thine,yours
Declension
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A user suggests that this Old Saxon entry be cleaned up, giving the reason:“manual declension table should be moved to a template”.
Please see the discussion onRequests for cleanup(+) or thetalk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.
Declension ofthīn (strong only)
gendermasculineneuterfeminine
casesingularpluralsingularpluralsingularplural
nominativethīnthīna, thīnethīnthīnthīnthīn, thīne, thīna
accusativethīnne, thīnan, thīnen, thīnon, thīnnathīna, thīnethīnthīne, thīnathīna, thīnethīna
genitivethīnes, thīnumuthīnaro, thīnerothīnesthīnaro, thīnero, thīnorothīnaro, thīnera, thīnoro, thīnaro, thīnerethīnaro, thīnero, thīnoro
dativethīnum, thīnun, thīnon, thīnumu, thīnū, thīnemothīnun, thīnon, thīnathīnum, thīnun, thīnon, thīnumu, thīnemothīnun, thīnonthīnero, thīnaro, thīnera, thīnoro, thīnaru, thīneru, thīnerathīnun, thīnon, thīnum


See also

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Old Saxon personal pronouns
nominativeaccusativedativegenitive
singular1st personikmī,me,mikmīmīn
2nd personthūthī,thikthīthīn
3rd
person		mhēinaimuis
fsiusiairuira
nititis
dual1st personwitunkunkero,unka
2nd persongitinkinker,inka
plural1st personwī,weūs,unsikūsūser
2nd persongī,geeu,iu,iuueuwar,iuwer,iuwar,iuwero,iuwera
3rd
person		msiaimiro
fsia
nsiu

References

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  1. Altsächsisches Elementarbuch by Dr. F. Holthausen

Etymology 2

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Seehere.

Determiner

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thin

  1. instrumentalsingularmasculine/neuter ofthē

Welsh

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Noun

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thin

  1. aspirate mutation oftin

Mutation

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Mutated forms oftin
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
tindinnhinthin

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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