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them

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:thêm

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishþem, fromOld Norseþeim.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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them (third-person, personal pronoun,objective case ofthey)

  1. (in theplural) Those ones.
    1. Used as the direct object of a verb.
      She treatedthem for a cold.
      • 2019 May 29, Amy Harmon, “Which Box Do You Check? Some States Are Offering a Nonbinary Option”, inThe New York Times‎[2], archived fromthe original on8 June 2019:
        Proponents of adding a gender-neutral option to state identification documents say it would remove a form of discrimination against nonbinary people by providingthem with the means to carry identification that matches their identity.
    2. Used as the indirect object of a verb.
      She wrotethem a letter.
    3. Used as the object of a preposition.
      Give it tothem.
  2. (in thesingular, occasionally proscribed) A single person, previously mentioned, whosegender is unknown, irrelevant, or(since 21st c.)non-binary.
    1. Used as the direct object of a verb.
      If a student has an inappropriate question, whatever you do, do not beratethem.
      • 1611,The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […],→OCLC,Deuteronomy17:2–5:
        If there be found among you, within any of thy gates which theLord thy God giveth thee, man or woman, that hath wrought wickedness in the sight of theLord thy God,[…] [t]hen shalt thou bring forth that man or that woman, which have committed that wicked thing, unto thy gates, even that man or that woman, and shalt stonethem with stones, till they die.
      • 2006, St. John Ambulance,First on the Scene: Student Reference Guide,→ISBN, Lesson 2, page 3:
        Place the casualty on their back with feet and legs raised—this is called theshock position. [emphasis in original] Once the casualty is positioned, coverthem to preserve body heat, but do not overheat.
      • 2007,J. K. Rowling,Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, London: Bloomsbury, 2008,→ISBN, page270:
        Someone in the crowd around the lifts called sycophantically, ‘Morning, Yaxley!’ Yaxley ignoredthem.
    2. Used as the indirect object of a verb.
      If one of my patients calls, please bringthem their dinner.
    3. Used as the object of a preposition.
      If someone comes and asks for the ticket, just give it tothem.
      • 2024 July 2, Rukiye Arslan, Derya Yanık, Raziye Pekşen Akça, “Investigation of Menstrual Hygiene and Self-Care Skills of Adolescent Girls with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Mother Views”, inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,→DOI:
        Each adolescent girl with ASD has needs specific to her because each ofthem has variable characteristics and different degrees of sensory and perceptual difficulties.
  3. (informal set phrases, dialectal or nonstandard) They or those.
    I know it seems unfair, butthem's the rules.
    • 1611,King James Bible:
      And his mercy is onthem that fear him from generation to generation. He hath shewed strength with his arm; he hath scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts.

Usage notes

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  • Regarding the use of singularthem, seethey.

Synonyms

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  • dem(nonstandard)
  • em(colloquial)
  • 'em(colloquial)
  • hem(obsolete)

Related terms

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Translations

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third personal plural pronoun used after a preposition or as the object of a verb
third-person singular pronoun of indeterminate gender
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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English personal pronouns

Dialectal and obsolete or archaic forms are initalics.

personal pronounpossessive
pronoun		possessive
determiner
subjectiveobjectivereflexive
first
person		singularI
me (colloquial)		memyself
me
mysen		minemy
mine(before vowels, archaic)
me
pluralweusourselves
ourself
oursen		ours
ourn(obsolete outside dialects)		our
second
person		singularstandard
(historically
formal)		youyouyourself
yoursen		yours
yourn(obsolete outside dialects)		your
archaic
(historically
informal)		thoutheethyself
theeself
thysen		thinethy
thine(before vowels)
pluralstandardyou
ye(archaic)		youyourselvesyours
yourn(obsolete outside dialects)		your
colloquialyou all
y'all
you guys		you all
y'all
you guys		y'allselvesall yours
y'all's
you guys'
your guys'		all your
y'all's
your all's(nonstandard)
you guys'
your guys'
informal /
dialectal		(see list of dialectal forms atyou and inflected forms in those entries)
third
person		singularmasculinehehimhimself
hisself(archaic)
hissen		his
hisn(obsolete outside dialects)		his
femininesheherherself
hersen		hers
hern(obsolete outside dialects)		her
neuterit
hit		it
hit		itself
hitself		its
his(archaic)		its
his(archaic)
hits
genderless1theythemthemself,themselvestheirstheir
nonspecific
(formal)		oneoneoneself–one's
pluraltheythem
hem,'em		themselves
theirsen		theirs
theirn(obsolete outside dialects)		their

Determiner

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them

  1. (dialectal or nonstandard)Those.
    Gimme two ofthem yellow ones.
    • 1835, John Pendleton Kennedy,Horse Shoe Robinson: A Tale of the Tory Ascendency:
      How would you like a scrummage, Andy, withthem Scotchmen that stole your mother's chickens this morning?
    • 1915,C.J. Dennis,The Songs of the Sentimental Bloke, published1916, page13:
      The world 'as got me snouted jist a treat; / Crool Forchin's dirty left 'as smote me soul. / An' allthem joys o' life I 'eld so sweet / Is up the pole.
    • 1925 July –1926 May,A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, inThe Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia:Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:
      "I say it's a shame, Silas Linden, the waythem children is treated."
    • 1956,Allen Ginsberg, “America”, inHowl and Other Poems (Pocket Poets Series),City Lights Books,→OCLC,page33:
      America you don’t really want to go to war.
      America it'sthem bad Russians.
      Them Russiansthem Russians andthem Chinamen. Andthem Russians.
    • 2005, Elmer Kelton,Sons of Texas, Tor/Forge, page111:
      "[…]Them two wild horses ain't fit to ride, and I been wonderin' how I was goin' to get you out of this place before them Spanish maybe circle back and finish the job."
    • For more quotations using this term, seeCitations:them.

Anagrams

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Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-Albanian*θēm-, fromProto-Indo-European*ḱens-(“to say, instruct, announce”). Cognate withLatincēnseō(“to give an opinion, to judge, guess, reckon”). Potentially adoublet ofrrëfej.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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them (aoristthashë,participlethënë)

  1. (transitive) tosay

Conjugation

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Standard Albanian conjugation ofthem (active voice)

  • Show compound tenses: 

participlethënë
gerundduke thënë
infinitivepër të thënë
singularplural
1st pers.2nd pers.3rd pers.1st pers.2nd pers.3rd pers.
indicativepresentthemthuathotëthemithonithonë
imperfectthoshathoshethoshtethoshimthoshitthoshin
aoristthashëthethathamëthatëthanë
perfectkam thënëke thënëka thënëkemi thënëkeni thënëkanë thënë
past perfectkisha thënëkishe thënëkishte thënëkishim thënëkishit thënëkishin thënë
aorist IIpata thënëpate thënëpati thënëpatëm thënëpatët thënëpatën thënë
future1do tëthemdo tëthuashdo tëthotëdo tëthemido tëthonido tëthonë
future perfect2do të kem thënëdo të kesh thënëdo të ketë thënëdo të kemi thënëdo të keni thënëdo të kenë thënë
subjunctivepresenttëthemtëthuashtëthotëtëthemitëthonitëthonë
imperfecttëthoshatëthoshetëthoshtetëthoshimtëthoshittëthoshin
perfecttë kem thënëtë kesh thënëtë ketë thënëtë kemi thënëtë keni thënëtë kenë thënë
past perfecttë kisha thënëtë kishe thënëtë kishte thënëtë kishim thënëtë kishit thënëtë kishin thënë
conditional1, 2imperfectdo tëthoshado tëthoshedo tëthoshtedo tëthoshimdo tëthoshitdo tëthoshin
past perfectdo të kisha thënëdo të kishe thënëdo të kishte thënëdo të kishim thënëdo të kishit thënëdo të kishin thënë
optativepresentthënçathënçthëntëthënçimthënçithënçin
perfectpaça thënëpaç thënëpastë thënëpaçim thënëpaçit thënëpaçin thënë
admirativepresentthënkamthënkethënkathënkemithënkenithënkan
imperfectthënkëshathënkëshethënkështhënkëshimthënkëshitthënkëshin
perfectpaskam thënëpaske thënëpaska thënëpaskemi thënëpaskeni thënëpaskan thënë
past perfectpaskësha thënëpaskëshe thënëpaskësh thënëpaskëshim thënëpaskëshit thënëpaskëshin thënë
imperativepresent—thuaj——thoni—
1) indicative future identical with conditional present2) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Kalo Finnish Romani

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Noun

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them m

  1. country,state

Derived terms

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References

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  • “them” inFinnish Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – theRomani Lexicon Project, 2000.

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Pronoun

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them

  1. alternative spelling ofþem(“them”)

Etymology 2

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Determiner

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them

  1. alternative spelling ofþem(“the, that, this”)

Etymology 3

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Noun

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them

  1. alternative form oftem(“group”)

Etymology 4

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Verb

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them

  1. alternative form oftemen(“to produce offspring”)

Mizo

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Noun

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them

  1. part

Romani

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Etymology

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Several etymologies have been proposed:

Noun

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them m (pluralthema)

  1. country,state
  2. area

References

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  1. ^Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*sthāmya”, inA Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press,page794
  2. ^Yaron Matras (2002), “Historical and linguistic origins”, inRomani: A Linguistic Introduction‎[1], Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,→ISBN, page28
  3. ^Boretzky, Norbert; Igla, Birgit (1994),Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag,→ISBN, page287
  • Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “them, ~a”, inニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published2021,→ISBN,→OCLC, page156

Welsh Romani

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Noun

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them m (in the pluralthema)

  1. land,country
  2. country(as opposed to town)
  3. earth,world

Derived terms

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References

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  • “them” inWelsh Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – theRomani Lexicon Project, 2000.
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