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temperance

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Temperanceandtempérance

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromAnglo-Normantemperance, fromLatintemperantia(moderation, sobriety, discretion, self-control), fromtemperans, present participle oftemperare(to moderate). Seetemper. English equivalenttemper +‎-ance.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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temperance (countable anduncountable,pluraltemperances)

  1. Habitualmoderation in regard to theindulgence of thenaturalappetites andpassions;restrained ormoderate indulgence.
    temperance in eating and drinking
    temperance in the indulgence of joy
    • 1628,William Prynne,Healthes Sicknesse. Or, a compendious and briefe Discourse; prouing the Drinking, and Pledging of Healthes, to be Sinfull [] , London:Augustine Matthews,page22:
      Who did begin their Feaſtes with Prayers; continue them withTemperance, and Sobrietie; eating no more then would ſuffice their hunger; drinking no more then would quench and ſatisfie their thirſt[]
    • 1887,A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “A Study in Scarlet”, inBeeton’s Christmas Annual, London; New York, N.Y.:Ward, Lock & Co., part I (Being a reprint from the reminiscences ofJohn H. Watson, M.D., []), chapter II (The Science of Deduction),page 8:
      On these occasions I have noticed such a dreamy, vacant expression in his eyes, that I might have suspected him of being addicted to the use of some narcotic, had not thetemperance and cleanliness of his whole life forbidden such a notion.
    • 2007,Susan Wise Bauer, “The Problem of Succession”, inThe History of the Ancient World, New York:W. W. Norton & Company,page729:
      But there was no one to shake Nero intotemperance. He had affairs, drank tremendously, raised taxes in the provinces to pay for his indulgences, and started once again to hold the infamous treason trials as Caligula had done.
  2. Moderation, and sometimesabstinence, in respect to usingintoxicatingliquors.
    • 1842 February 22,Abraham Lincoln, “Address Before the Springfield Washingtonian Temperance Society”, in Arthur Brooks Lapsley, editor,The Papers and Writings of Abraham Lincoln[1]:
      Another error, as it seems to me, into which the old reformers fell, was the position that all habitual drunkards were utterly incorrigible, and therefore must be turned adrift and damned without remedy in order that the grace oftemperance might abound, to the temperate then, and to all mankind some hundreds of years thereafter.
    • 1884 December 10,Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter XXXI, inThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) [], London:Chatto & Windus, [],→OCLC,page314:
      So now the frauds reckoned they was out of danger, and they begun to work the villages again. ¶ First they done a lecture ontemperance; but they didn't make enough for them both to get drunk on.
    • 1908–1910,E[dward] M[organ] Forster, “Christmas Shopping”, inHowards End, New York, N.Y.; London:G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons [], published1910,→OCLC,page97:
      Public-houses, besides their usual exhortation againsttemperance reform, invited men to “Join our Christmas goose club”—one bottle of gin, etc., or two, according to subscription.
    • 1986,Mary Beth Norton; David M. Katzman; Paul D. Escott; Howard P. Chudacoff; Thomas G. Paterson;William M. Tuttle, Jr.,A People and a Nation: A History of the United States, Boston:Houghton Mifflin Company,page326:
      Evangelists organized an association for each issue—temperance, education, Sabbath observance, antidueling, and later antislavery; collectively these groups formed a national web of benevolent and moral reform societies.
  3. Moderation ofpassion;calmness.
    Synonyms:patience,calmness,sedateness
    • c.1599–1602 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies [] (First Folio), London: [] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act III, scene ii],page266, column 2:
      [] in the verie Torrent, Tempeſt, and (as I may ſay) the Whirle-winde of Paſſion, you muſt acquire and beget aTemperance that may giue it Smoothneſſe.
    • 1849,[John] Westland Marston, “Strathmore”, inThe Dramatic and Poetical Works of Westland Marston, volume I, London:Chatto & Windus, published1876, act I, scene ii,page10:
      Enough, you stand a traitor by my hearth, / And yet I draw not! Sir, I cannot pledge / Thistemperance long; the path of safety’s there.
    • 2020 June 11, Lola Okolosie, “This bungled schools coronavirus policy hurts children, parents and teachers”, inKatharine Viner, editor,The Guardian[2], London:Guardian News & Media,→ISSN,→OCLC, archived fromthe original on12 August 2023:
      What was the government doing keeping schools open when our closest neighbours – Ireland, France, Germany, Spain and Italy – had already closed theirs?[] Those who were being charitable asked fortemperance. Our government surely had a credible plan? Somewhere. Right?
  4. (obsolete) State with regard toheat orcold;temperature.

Antonyms

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Coordinate terms

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Derived terms

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terms derived from the nountemperance

Related terms

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Translations

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habitual moderation
moderation of passion
one of seven virtues
state with regard to heat or coldseetemperature
Tarot card
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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associated terms
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