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sweat

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishswete,swet,swate,swote, fromOld Englishswāt, fromProto-Germanic*swait-,*swaitą, fromProto-Indo-European*swoyd-(“to sweat”), o-grade of*sweyd-(“to sweat”). Cognate withWest Frisianswit,Dutchzweet,GermanSchweiß,Danishsved,Swedishsvett,Yiddishשוויצן(shvitsn) (Englishshvitz),Latinsudor,Frenchsueur,Italiansudore,Spanishsudor,Persianخوی(xway,“sweat”),Sanskritस्वेद(svéda),Lithuaniansviedri,Tocharian Bsyā-,Albaniandjersë, andWelshchwys.

Noun

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sweat (usuallyuncountable,pluralsweats)

  2. Fluid that exits thebody throughpores in theskin usually due tophysicalstress and/orhightemperature for the purpose of regulating body temperature and removing certain compounds from thecirculation.
    Synonym:perspiration
  3. The state of one who is sweating;diaphoresis.
    Just thinking about the interview tomorrow puts me into a nervoussweat.
  4. (figurative) Hard work;toil.
  5. (figurative) Moisture issuing from any substance.
    • 1613,William Browne,Britannia's Pastorals:
      The Muses' friend (grey-eyed Aurora) yet
      Held all the meadows in a coolingsweat,
      The milk-white gossamers not upwards snow'd,
      Nor was the sharp and useful-steering goad
    • 1707,J[ohn] Mortimer,The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […],→OCLC:
      thesweat of hay or grain in a mow or stack
  6. A shortrun by aracehorse as a form ofexercise.
    • 1740, Henry Bracken,Farriery improv'd:
      A Horſe that gains Fleſh in hard Exerciſe, should be ſweated at leaſt twice in ten Days; and he ſhould run near five Miles in Puſhes, that the Sweat may have Time to diſcharge. Those Horſes which are ſweat without Covering, or with a very thin one, should run a longSweat, as wel call it, and ſtand a conſiderable while afterwards with a thick Blanket or two over them, from Head to Tail; otherwiſe theSweat will not come out well.
    • 1840, Richard Darvill,A Treatise on the Care, Treatment, and Training of the English Race Horse:
      There are some horses so very delicate, and have to run such short lengths, that they may not require asweat during the whole time of their being in training.
    • 2016, Gerald Hammond,The Language of Horse Racing:
      Asweat was, accordingly, a training run for a racehorse: a notice in The London Gazette in 1705 advertises a race for hunters that have not 'been kept insweats above 12 weeks before the day of Running'.
  7. (historical) Thesweating sickness.
  8. (British, militaryslang, especially WWI) Asoldier (especially one who is old or experienced).
  10. (video games, slang) An extremely or excessivelycompetitive player.
    Synonym:tryhard
    • 2021 October 13, Zachary Roberts, “How exactly are 'sweats' ruining Fortnite? Addressing the never ending try-hards vs casual debate”, inSportskeeda‎[1]:
      Casuals believe thatsweats are ruining Fortnite.Sweats think that casuals just need to get better at the game. It's a never-ending debate that will never end, despite what anyone tries to say, but it's worth taking a look at regardless.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Related terms
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Descendants
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Translations
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fluid that exits the body through pores—see alsoperspiration
slang for soldier
tryhard—seetryhard

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishsweten, fromOld Englishswǣtan, fromProto-Germanic*swaitijaną(“to sweat”). CompareDutchzweten,Germanschwitzen,Danishsvede.Doublet ofshvitz.

Verb

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sweat (third-person singular simple presentsweats,present participlesweating,simple pastsweatedorsweat,past participlesweatedorsweator(archaic)sweaten)

  1. (intransitive) To emit sweat.
    Synonym:perspire
  2. (transitive) To cause to excrete moisture through skin.
    1. To cause to perspire.
      His physicians attempted tosweat him by most powerful sudorifics.
  3. (intransitive, informal) To work hard.
    Synonyms:slave,slog
    I've beensweating over my essay all day.
    1. (video games) To be extremelydedicated to winning a game; to playcompetitively.
      Synonym:tryhard
      There's no way we can win. These guys aresweating so hard.
      • 2022 May 27, Ethan Davison, “Video game developers want fair online games. Some players really don’t.”, inThe Washington Post‎[2]:
        With skill-based matchmaking, he wrote, "you have tosweat 100 percent of the time." They contend their audiences want to see them pull off amazing victories, not struggle endlessly against other top players.
  4. (transitive, informal) To extract money, labour, etc. from, byexaction oroppression.
    Synonym:bleed
    tosweat a spendthrift
    tosweat labourers
    • 2022 September 7, Tom Allett, “At the cutting edge of NR's track work”, inRAIL, number965, page40:
      "I've predicted it will last 32 years. The last overhaul we will do on it is at 24 years, but we tend tosweat the asset at Network Rail and try and save a bit of money, so I've estimated 32 years."
  5. (intransitive, informal) To worry.
    Synonyms:fret,worry
  6. (transitive, informal) To worry about (something).[from 20th c.]
    • 2010 December 5, Brooks Barnes, “Studios battle to save Narnia”, inThe New York Times:
      There are few matters studio executivessweat more than maintaining their franchises.
  7. (transitive) To emit, in the manner of sweat.
    tosweat blood
  8. (intransitive) To emitmoisture.
    The cheese will startsweating if you don't refrigerate it.
  10. (intransitive) To have drops of water form on (something'ssurface) due tomoisturecondensation.
    Coasters are a good way to stop asweating glass from damaging your table.
  11. (intransitive, plumbing) To solder (a pipe joint) together.
  12. (transitive, slang) Tostress out, to put underpressure.
    Stopsweatin' me!
    • 1988, “Fuck tha Police”, performed by N.W.A:
      But I'ma smoke 'em now and not next time / Smoke any motherfucker thatsweats me
    • 2006, Noire[pseudonym],Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.:One World,Ballantine Books,→ISBN,page118:
      Over the next few days the cops half-ass questioned a couple of people, including me and Pimp, but they wasn't able to put nothing on us. Theysweated Vyreen's husband pretty hard for a while, though.
  13. (transitive, intransitive, cooking) Tocookslowly at low heat, inshallowoil and withoutbrowning, to reduce moisture content.
    • 2002, Judy Rodgers,The Zuni Cafe Cookbook‎[3]:
      Sweating is a generally a quiet operation; if the food is whispering, or worse, hissing, the moisture is probably evaporating too rapidly
    • 2007, Patty Elsberry, Matt Bolus,Simply Vanilla: Recipes for Everyday Use‎[4], page93:
      Sweat the carrots, onion, celery, leeks, and cabbage in the butter until translucent not allowing them to color in any way.
    • 2009, Bill Neal,Bill Neal's Southern Cooking‎[5], page11:
      Reduce heat to low, cover pan, and gentlysweat the celery for ten minutes, taking care not to brown it
    • 2011,The Bay Area Homegrown Cookbook‎[6]:
      Sweat the onions and garlic in the oil, stirring occasionally, until they are completely soft (no crunch) but not caramelized.
  15. (transitive, archaic) To remove a portion of (a coin), as by shaking it with others in a bag, so that the friction wears off a small quantity of the metal.
    • 1879, Richard Cobden,On the Probable Fall in the Value of Gold (originally by Michel Chevalier)
      The only use of it [money] which is interdicted is to put it in circulation again after having diminished its weight bysweating, or otherwise, because the quantity of metal contains is no longer consistent with its impression.
  16. (intransitive) To suffer a penalty; to smart for one's misdeeds.
  17. (transitive) To take aracehorse for a short exercise run.
    • 1740, Henry Bracken,Farriery improv'd:
      A Horſe that gains Fleſh in hard Exerciſe, should beſweated at leaſt twice in ten Days; and he ſhould run near five Miles in Puſhes, that the Sweat may have Time to diſcharge. Those Horſes which areſweat without Covering, or with a very thin one, should run a long Sweat, as wel call it, and ſtand a conſiderable while afterwards with a thick Blanket or two over them, from Head to Tail; otherwiſe the Sweat will not come out well.
Derived terms
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Translations
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to emit sweat
informal: to work hard
informal: to worry
to emit in the manner of sweat
to solder together
transitive: to cook slowly without browning
intransitive: to cook slowly
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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Anagrams

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French

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishsweatshirt.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sweat m (pluralsweats)

  1. sweatshirt
    Lessweats à capuche sont interdits dans certains lieux publics en Grande-Bretagne.
    Hoodies are prohibited in some places in Great Britain.

Turkish

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishsweatshirt.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sweat (definite accusativesweati,pluralsweatler)

  1. sweatshirt
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