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surround

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishsourrounden(“to submerge, overflow”), fromMiddle Frenchsouronder,suronder, fromLate Latinsuperundō, fromsuper +undō(“to rise in waves”), fromunda(“wave”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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surround (third-person singular simple presentsurrounds,present participlesurrounding,simple past and past participlesurrounded)

  1. (transitive) Toencircle something orsimultaneouslyextend in alldirections.
    • 1944,Miles Burton, chapter 5, inThe Three Corpse Trick:
      The hovel stood in the centre of what had once been a vegetable garden, but was now a patch of rank weeds.Surrounding this, almost like a zareba, was an irregular ring of gorse and brambles, an unclaimed vestige of the original common.
    • 1944 November and December, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—II”, inRailway Magazine, page342:
      It took a long time for the place to warm up and to counteract the cold and enable their fingers to cope with the delicate task of moulding, the men would oftensurround themselves with blocks of iron heated in the furnace.
    • 1963,Margery Allingham, “Miss Thyrza’s Chair”, inThe China Governess: A Mystery, London:Chatto & Windus,→OCLC,page41:
      Sepia Delft tilessurrounded the fireplace, their crudely drawn Biblical scenes in faded cyclamen blending with the pinkish pine, while above them, instead of a mantelshelf, there was an archway high enough to form a balcony with slender balusters and a tapestry-hung wall behind.
    • 2005,Plato, translated by Lesley Brown,Sophist, page230c:
      and this way they get rid of those grand and stubborn opinions thatsurround them.
    • 2018 November 8, Dr. Melina Jampolis, “The real science behind fascia ailments”, inCNN‎[1]:
      The superficial fasciasurrounds the body and includes subcutaneous fat; the deep fasciasurrounds the musculoskeletal system; the meningeal fasciasurrounds the nervous system; the visceral fasciasurrounds body cavities and organs.
  2. (transitive) Toenclose orconfine something on all sides so as to preventescape.
    The lionssurrounded the deer herd so they had no way to escape.
    Theysurrounded each other in the classroom and started trading hits.
  3. (transitive, obsolete) To pass around; to travel about; tocircumnavigate.
    tosurround the world
    • 1650,Thomas Fuller, “The Description of the Tribe ofBenjamin”, inA Pisgah-sight of Palestine and the Confines thereof, with the History of the Old and New Testament Acted thereon, London: […] J. F. for John Williams […],→OCLC, book II, paragraph 16,pages247–248:
      Unfitting it vvas, that the body of that vvorthy Patriarch [Joseph] (to vvhom all the land belonged by promiſe) ſhould ſteale into that Countrey in a clandeſtine vvay, and privately enter in at the poſtern door, rather let it ſolemnlyſurround the Countrey, and be brought in at the broad gates. Thus the corps of men of quality, though the Chancell-door be nearer, are borne through the porch and middle-alley to the place of their interment.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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surround, fence in—seeenclose
to encircle something or simultaneously extend in all directions
to enclose to prevent escape
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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surround (pluralsurrounds)

  1. (British) Anything, such as afence orborder, that surrounds something.
    • 1972,Frederick Forsyth,The Odessa File,Viking,SBN 670-52042-x, chapter 15, page 283:
      He drifted through the room, avoiding the furniture by instinct, closed the door that led to the passage, and only then flicked on his flashlight.
      It swept around the room, picking out a desk, a telephone, a wall of bookshelves, and a deep armchair, and finally settled on a handsome fireplace with a largesurround of red brick.

Derived terms

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References

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