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suma

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:Appendix:Variations of "suma"

Languages (23)

Basque • Catalan • Cebuano • Finnish • Galician • Gothic • Guinea-Bissau Creole • Ingrian • Italian • Lithuanian • Norn • Old English • Old Norse • Old Polish • Polish • Portuguese • Romanian • Serbo-Croatian • Silesian • Spanish • Sranan Tongo • Venda • Votic

Page categories

Basque

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /s̺uma/[s̺u.ma]
Rhymes:-uma,-a
Hyphenation:su‧ma

Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromSpanishsuma(“sum”).

Noun

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suma inan

(dated)amount,quantity
Synonym:kopuru

Declension

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Declension ofsuma(inanimate, ending in-a)
	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	suma	suma	sumak
ergative	sumak	sumak	sumek
dative	sumari	sumari	sumei
genitive	sumaren	sumaren	sumen
comitative	sumarekin	sumarekin	sumekin
causative	sumarengatik	sumarengatik	sumengatik
benefactive	sumarentzat	sumarentzat	sumentzat
instrumental	sumaz	sumaz	sumez
inessive	sumatan	suman	sumetan
locative	sumatako	sumako	sumetako
allative	sumatara	sumara	sumetara
terminative	sumataraino	sumaraino	sumetaraino
directive	sumatarantz	sumarantz	sumetarantz
destinative	sumatarako	sumarako	sumetarako
ablative	sumatatik	sumatik	sumetatik
partitive	sumarik	—	—
prolative	sumatzat	—	—

Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Noun

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suma inan

smell(sense)
Synonym:usaimen

Declension

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Declension ofsuma(inanimate, ending in-a)
	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	suma	suma	sumak
ergative	sumak	sumak	sumek
dative	sumari	sumari	sumei
genitive	sumaren	sumaren	sumen
comitative	sumarekin	sumarekin	sumekin
causative	sumarengatik	sumarengatik	sumengatik
benefactive	sumarentzat	sumarentzat	sumentzat
instrumental	sumaz	sumaz	sumez
inessive	sumatan	suman	sumetan
locative	sumatako	sumako	sumetako
allative	sumatara	sumara	sumetara
terminative	sumataraino	sumaraino	sumetaraino
directive	sumatarantz	sumarantz	sumetarantz
destinative	sumatarako	sumarako	sumetarako
ablative	sumatatik	sumatik	sumetatik
partitive	sumarik	—	—
prolative	sumatzat	—	—

Catalan

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromLatinsumma.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic)[ˈsu.mə]
IPA^(key): (Valencia)[ˈsu.ma]
Audio: (file)

suma

inflection ofsumar:
1. third-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative

Cebuano

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Etymology 1

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FromSpanishsuma, fromLatinsumma.

Verb

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suma

toreckon
totabulate

Etymology 2

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Unknown.

Adjective

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suma

according to

Finnish

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*sum(p)a.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/,[ˈs̠umɑ̝]
Rhymes:-umɑ
Hyphenation^(key):su‧ma

Noun

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suma

logjam
Synonym:jumi
traffic jam
Synonym:ruuhka
(figuratively, in compounds)accumulation,bunch
kolarisuma ―pile-up

Declension

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Inflection ofsuma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		suma	sumat
genitive		suman	sumien
partitive		sumaa	sumia
illative		sumaan	sumiin
		singular	plural
nominative		suma	sumat
accusative	nom.	suma	sumat
accusative	gen.	suman	sumat
genitive		suman	sumien sumain^rare
partitive		sumaa	sumia
inessive		sumassa	sumissa
elative		sumasta	sumista
illative		sumaan	sumiin
adessive		sumalla	sumilla
ablative		sumalta	sumilta
allative		sumalle	sumille
essive		sumana	sumina
translative		sumaksi	sumiksi
abessive		sumatta	sumitta
instructive		—	sumin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms ofsuma(Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		sumani	sumani
accusative	nom.	sumani	sumani
accusative	gen.	sumani	sumani
genitive		sumani	sumieni sumaini^rare
partitive		sumaani	sumiani
inessive		sumassani	sumissani
elative		sumastani	sumistani
illative		sumaani	sumiini
adessive		sumallani	sumillani
ablative		sumaltani	sumiltani
allative		sumalleni	sumilleni
essive		sumanani	suminani
translative		sumakseni	sumikseni
abessive		sumattani	sumittani
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	sumineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		sumasi	sumasi
accusative	nom.	sumasi	sumasi
accusative	gen.	sumasi	sumasi
genitive		sumasi	sumiesi sumaisi^rare
partitive		sumaasi	sumiasi
inessive		sumassasi	sumissasi
elative		sumastasi	sumistasi
illative		sumaasi	sumiisi
adessive		sumallasi	sumillasi
ablative		sumaltasi	sumiltasi
allative		sumallesi	sumillesi
essive		sumanasi	suminasi
translative		sumaksesi	sumiksesi
abessive		sumattasi	sumittasi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	suminesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		sumamme	sumamme
accusative	nom.	sumamme	sumamme
accusative	gen.	sumamme	sumamme
genitive		sumamme	sumiemme sumaimme^rare
partitive		sumaamme	sumiamme
inessive		sumassamme	sumissamme
elative		sumastamme	sumistamme
illative		sumaamme	sumiimme
adessive		sumallamme	sumillamme
ablative		sumaltamme	sumiltamme
allative		sumallemme	sumillemme
essive		sumanamme	suminamme
translative		sumaksemme	sumiksemme
abessive		sumattamme	sumittamme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	suminemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		sumanne	sumanne
accusative	nom.	sumanne	sumanne
accusative	gen.	sumanne	sumanne
genitive		sumanne	sumienne sumainne^rare
partitive		sumaanne	sumianne
inessive		sumassanne	sumissanne
elative		sumastanne	sumistanne
illative		sumaanne	sumiinne
adessive		sumallanne	sumillanne
ablative		sumaltanne	sumiltanne
allative		sumallenne	sumillenne
essive		sumananne	suminanne
translative		sumaksenne	sumiksenne
abessive		sumattanne	sumittanne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	suminenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		sumansa	sumansa
accusative	nom.	sumansa	sumansa
accusative	gen.	sumansa	sumansa
genitive		sumansa	sumiensa sumainsa^rare
partitive		sumaansa	sumiaan sumiansa
inessive		sumassaan sumassansa	sumissaan sumissansa
elative		sumastaan sumastansa	sumistaan sumistansa
illative		sumaansa	sumiinsa
adessive		sumallaan sumallansa	sumillaan sumillansa
ablative		sumaltaan sumaltansa	sumiltaan sumiltansa
allative		sumalleen sumallensa	sumilleen sumillensa
essive		sumanaan sumanansa	suminaan suminansa
translative		sumakseen sumaksensa	sumikseen sumiksensa
abessive		sumattaan sumattansa	sumittaan sumittansa
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	sumineen suminensa

Derived terms

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sumautua

compounds

Anagrams

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Samu,masu,musa,usma

Galician

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈsuma/[ˈs̺u.mɐ]
Rhymes:-uma
Hyphenation:su‧ma

Etymology 1

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Noun

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suma f (pluralsumas)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Verb

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suma

inflection ofsumir:
1. first/third-personsingular present subjunctive
2. third-person singular imperative

Gothic

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Romanization

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suma

Romanization of𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰

Guinea-Bissau Creole

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Etymology

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Perhaps fromPortugueseassim +como ("thus how").

Adverb

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suma

because

Ingrian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromRussianсума(suma).

Pronunciation

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(Ala-Laukaa)IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/,[ˈs̠umɑ]
(Soikkola)IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/,[ˈʃumɑ]
Rhymes:-umɑ
Hyphenation:su‧ma

Noun

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suma

bag
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus,Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page22:
  Siso ompelisuman.
  Sis sewedthe bag.
- 1936, V. I. Junus,Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[4], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page75:
  Ohotnikka otti jänistä käpälist ja panisummaa.
  The hunter took the hare by the legs and put itin the bag.
- 1936, D. I. Efimov,Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva:
  Valja ottisuman, pani bukvarinsummaa ja laati paljton päälle.
  Valja took[her] bag, put a primerinto the bag and put an overcoat on.

Declension

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Declension ofsuma (type 3/koira, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	suma	sumat
genitive	suman	summiin
partitive	summaa	summia
illative	summaa	summii
inessive	sumas	sumis
elative	sumast	sumist
allative	sumalle	sumille
adessive	sumal	sumil
ablative	sumalt	sumilt
translative	sumaks	sumiks
essive	sumanna,summaan	suminna,summiin
exessive¹⁾	sumant	sumint
¹⁾ obsolete ^) theaccusative corresponds with either thegenitive (sg) ornominative (pl) ^*) thecomitative is formed by adding the suffix-ka^? or-kä^? to thegenitive.

Derived terms

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References

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Ruben E. Nirvi (1971)Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page550

Italian

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Verb

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suma

inflection ofsumere:
1. first/second/third-personsingular present subjunctive
2. third-person singular imperative

Anagrams

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musa

Lithuanian

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LithuanianWikipedia has an article on:

suma

Wikipedia^lt

Etymology

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Ultimately fromLatinsumma. The religious sense is borrowed fromPolishsuma.^[1]

Noun

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sumà f (pluralsùmos) stress pattern 4

(mathematics)sum(quantity obtained by addition)
sum(quantity of money)
(Catholicism)noon mass on aholy day;High Mass

Declension

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Declension ofsumà

	singular(vienaskaita)	plural(daugiskaita)
nominative(vardininkas)	sumà	sùmos
genitive(kilmininkas)	sumõs	sumų̃
dative(naudininkas)	sùmai	sumóms
accusative(galininkas)	sùmą	sumàs
instrumental(įnagininkas)	sumà	sumomi̇̀s
locative(vietininkas)	sumojè	sumosè
vocative(šauksmininkas)	sùma	sùmos

References

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^Rolandas Kregždys (2016) “sumà”, inLietuvių kalbos polonizmų žodynas [Dictionary of Polish loanwords in Lithuanian]‎^[1],page156

Norn

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsesvimma,svima, fromProto-Germanic*swimmaną.

Verb

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suma

toswim,float

Old English

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Pronoun

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suma

femininenominative/accusativeplural ofsum

Old Norse

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Pronoun

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suma

inflection ofsumr:
1. feminine accusative singular
2. masculine accusative plural

Old Polish

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing fromLatinsumma.^[1]^[2]^[3] First attested in the 15th century.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE)/suma/
IPA^(key): (15^th CE)/suma/

Noun

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suma f

(attested in Masovia)sum(quantity of money)
- 1895 [1448–1450],Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński,Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów,Warka, page27:
  Czy vbodzy slyachczycy... o pewneysvmmye pyenyądzi (de certa summa pecuniae) szą gednayą z nymy
  [Ci ubodzy ślachcicy... o pewnejsummie pieniędzy (de certa summa pecuniae) się jednają z nimi]
- 1950 [1437], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors,Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number493,Warsaw:
  Jakom ya nye ranczyl Jsakowi gyenyey kopy geno s theyszumy, czo w xøgach m[y]a
  [Jakom ja nie ręczył Izakowi jeniej kopy jeno z tejsumy, co w księgach m[y]a]

Derived terms

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nouns

suma głowna

verbs

Descendants

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Polish:suma
Silesian:suma
→ Romanian:sumă

References

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^Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “suma”, inWielki słownik wyrazów obcych,→ISBN
^Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “suma”, inUniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎^[2] (in Polish), volumes1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA,→ISBN
^Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “suma”, inSłownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa:PWN

B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “suma”, inSłownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków:IJP PAN,→ISBN

Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:

suma

Wikipedia^pl

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈsu.ma/

(Middle Polish)IPA^(key): /ˈsu.ma/

Audio 1: (file)
Audio 2: (file)
Rhymes:-uma
Syllabification:su‧ma
Homophone:Suma

Etymology 1

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Inherited fromOld Polishsuma.

Noun

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suma f (diminutivesumka,related adjectivesumowy)

amount,sum,figure(certain amount of money)
Synonym:kwota
(mathematics)sum(quantity obtained by addition)
sum(quantity obtained by aggregation)
Synonyms:całokształt,całość,ogół
(Roman Catholicism)mass,service(main mass help in church on Sundays and holidays)
Hypernym:msza
(Middle Polish)sum,summary(short summation of text)
Synonym:podsumowanie

Declension

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Declension ofsuma

	singular	plural
nominative	suma	sumy
genitive	sumy	sum
dative	sumie	sumom
accusative	sumę	sumy
instrumental	sumą	sumami
locative	sumie	sumach
vocative	sumo	sumy

Derived terms

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nouns

particles

w sumie

verbs

sumować impf

Etymology 2

[edit]

See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Noun

[edit]

suma m animal

genitive/accusative singular ofsum

Trivia

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According toSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990),suma is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 24 times in news, 22 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 3 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 79 times, making it the 819th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[1]

References

[edit]

^Ida Kurcz (1990) “suma”, inSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page570

Portuguese

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Etymology 1

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

suma

feminine singular ofsumo

Etymology 2

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

suma

inflection ofsumir:
1. first/third-personsingular present subjunctive
2. third-person singular imperative

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchsommer.

Verb

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a suma (third-person singular presentsumează,past participlesumat) 1st conjugation

tosum up

Conjugation

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conjugation ofsuma (first conjugation, -ez- infix)

number		singular			plural
infinitive			asuma
gerund			sumând
past participle			sumat
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	sumez	sumezi	sumează	sumăm	sumați	sumează
	imperfect	sumam	sumai	suma	sumam	sumați	sumau
	simple perfect	sumai	sumași	sumă	sumarăm	sumarăți	sumară
	pluperfect	sumasem	sumaseși	sumase	sumaserăm	sumaserăți	sumaseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
subjunctive	present	săsumez	săsumezi	săsumeze	săsumăm	săsumați	săsumeze
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		sumează			sumați
	negative		nusuma			nusumați

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed fromLatinsumma.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /sûma/
Hyphenation:su‧ma

Noun

[edit]

sȕma f (Cyrillic spellingсу̏ма)

sum,total

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofsuma
	singular	plural
nominative	suma	sume
genitive	sume	suma
dative	sumi	sumama
accusative	sumu	sume
vocative	sumo	sume
locative	sumi	sumama
instrumental	sumom	sumama

Silesian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromOld Polishsuma.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈsu.ma/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-uma
Syllabification:su‧ma

Noun

[edit]

suma f

sum(amount of money)

Spanish

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈsuma/[ˈsu.ma]
Audio(Colombia): (file)
Rhymes:-uma
Syllabification:su‧ma

Etymology 1

[edit]

Borrowed fromLatinsumma.^[1] Doublet of the inheritedsoma(“coarse flour”).

Noun

[edit]

suma f (pluralsumas)

sum
addition
Antonym:resta

Derived terms

[edit]

en suma

Related terms

[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Adjective

[edit]

suma

feminine singular ofsumo

Verb

[edit]

suma

inflection ofsumar:
1. third-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative
inflection ofsumir:
1. first/third-personsingular present subjunctive
2. third-person singular imperative

References

[edit]

^Joan Coromines,José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “suma”, inDiccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Sranan Tongo

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Etymology

[edit]

Likely fromEnglishsomeone. CompareMaroon Spirit Languagesuma(“person”)^[1]

Pronoun

[edit]

suma

(interrogative)who

Noun

[edit]

suma

Dated form ofsma(“person”).

Descendants

[edit]

Aukan:sama

References

[edit]

^Kenneth M. Bilby (1983) “How the "older heads" talk: a Jamaican Maroon spirit possession language and its relationship to the Creoles of Suriname and Sierra Leone”, inNew West Indian Guide,→ISSN, page55.

Venda

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

suma

toreport

Votic

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed fromRussianсума(suma).

Pronunciation

[edit]

(Luutsa, Liivtšülä)IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/,[ˈsumɑ]
Rhymes:-umɑ
Hyphenation:su‧ma

Noun

[edit]

suma

pouch,bag

Inflection

[edit]

Declension ofsuma (type III/jalkõ, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	suma	sumad
genitive	suma	sumojõ,sumoi
partitive	summa	sumoitõ,sumoi
illative	summasõ,summa	sumoisõ
inessive	sumaz	sumoiz
elative	sumassõ	sumoissõ
allative	sumalõ	sumoilõ
adessive	sumallõ	sumoillõ
ablative	sumaltõ	sumoiltõ
translative	sumassi	sumoissi
^) theaccusative corresponds with either thegenitive (sg) ornominative (pl) ^) theterminative is formed by adding the suffix-ssaa to the shortillative (sg) or thegenitive. ^**) thecomitative is formed by adding the suffix-ka to thegenitive.

References

[edit]

Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “suma”, inVadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=suma&oldid=83738125"

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[8]ページ先頭

Movatterモバイル変換

Basque

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Catalan

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

Cebuano

Etymology 1

Verb

Etymology 2

Adjective

Finnish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Galician

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Verb

Gothic

Romanization

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

Adverb

Ingrian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

References

Italian

Verb

Anagrams

Lithuanian

Etymology

Noun

Declension

References

Further reading

Norn

Etymology

Verb

Old English

Pronoun

Old Norse

Pronoun

Old Polish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Polish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

Trivia