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stratum

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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chalkstrata (2)

Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatinstrātum(a spread for a bed, coverlet, quilt, blanket; a pillow, bolster; a bed), neuter singular ofstrātus, perfect passive participle ofsternō(spread).Doublet ofestrade.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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stratum (pluralstratumsorstrata)

  1. One of severalparallelhorizontallayers ofmaterialarranged one ontop ofanother.
    Synonym:tier
    • 1884, Alfred Ronald Conkling,Appleton's Guide to Mexico, page43:
      It is built of alternatestrata of brick and clay, and the sides correspond to the direction of the meridians and parallels.
    • 1952 July, W. R. Watson, “Sankey Viaduct and Embankment”, inRailway Magazine, page487:
      He describes the operation thus: "The heavy ram employed to impart the finishing strokes, hoisted up with double purchase and snail's pace to the summit of the Piling Engine, and then falling down like a thunderbolt on the head of the devoted timber, driving it perhaps a single half inch in to thestratum below, is well calculated to put to the test the virtue of patience, while it illustrates the old adage of—slow and sure."
  2. (geology) Alayer ofsedimentaryrock havingapproximately the samecomposition throughout.
    Synonyms:bed,layer
    Coordinate term:seam
    • 1961 November, “Talking of Trains: The subsidence problem”, inTrains Illustrated, page651:
      An illuminating article in a recent issue of the Eastern Region'sCivil Engineering News points out that where coal is worked over a reasonably large area, it is not only the whole of thestrata above the workings, but also an area beyond which is liable to subside at varying rates after the coal has been removed.
  3. Any of theregions of theatmosphere, such as thestratosphere, that occur as layers.
  4. (biology) A layer oftissue.
  5. Aclass ofsociety composed ofpeople with similarsocial,cultural, oreconomicstatus.
  6. (ecology) A layer of vegetation, usually of similar height.
  7. (computing) The level ofaccuracy of a computer'sclock, relative to others on thenetwork.
    • 2006, Roderick W. Smith,Linux Samba Server Administration:
      Computers that synchronize themselves to thestratum 1 time servers are known asstratum 2 time servers if they allow others to synchronize to them, and so on.
  8. (linguistics) A historical layer of a language.
    Synonym:strate

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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one of several parallel horizontal layers of material arranged one on top of another
layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout
any of the regions of the atmosphere
layer of tissue
class of society composed of people with similar social, cultural, or economic status
layer of vegetation

Further reading

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French

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatinstratum.Doublet ofestrade.

Noun

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stratum m (pluralstratums)

  1. stratum

Indonesian

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Etymology

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FromDutchstratum, fromLatinstratum.Doublet ofsetrat andstrata.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈstratʊm]
  • Hyphenation:stra‧tum

Noun

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stratum (pluralstratum-stratum)

  1. (geology)stratum, a layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout

Related terms

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Further reading

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Latin

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Etymology

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Fromstrātus, perfect passive participle ofsternō(spread).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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strātum n (genitivestrātī);second declension

  1. a bed-covering,coverlet,quilt,blanket
  2. apillow,bolster
  3. abed,couch
    Synonym:lectus
  4. ahorse-blanket,saddle-cloth
  5. apavement

Declension

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Second-declension noun (neuter).

singularplural
nominativestrātumstrāta
genitivestrātīstrātōrum
dativestrātōstrātīs
accusativestrātumstrāta
ablativestrātōstrātīs
vocativestrātumstrāta

Descendants

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Verb

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strātum

  1. accusativesupine ofsternō

References

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  • stratum”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879)A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • stratum”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891)An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "stratum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’sGlossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • stratum inGaffiot, Félix (1934)Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894)Latin Phrase-Book[1], London:Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) a street, a made road:via strata
    • (ambiguous) to prostrate oneself before a person:ad pedes alicuius iacēre, stratum esse (stratum iacēre)
    • (ambiguous) all have perished by the sword:omnia strata sunt ferro
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