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stoke

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:Stoke

English

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Pronunciation

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(UK)enPR:stōk,IPA^(key): /stəʊk/
Audio(Southern England): (file)
Rhymes:-əʊk
(US)enPR:stōk,IPA^(key): /stoʊk/

Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishstoken, fromMiddle Dutchstoken(“to poke, thrust”) orMiddle Low Germanstoken(“to poke, thrust”), fromOld Dutch*stokon orOld Saxon*stokon, both fromProto-West Germanic*stokōn, fromProto-Germanic*stukōną(“to be stiff, push”), fromProto-Indo-European*(s)tewg-(“to push, beat”).

Cognate withMiddle High Germanstoken(“to pierce, jab”),Norwegian Nynorskstauka(“to push, thrust”). Alternative etymology derives the Middle English word fromOld Frenchestoquer,estochier(“to thrust, strike”), from the same Germanic source. More atstock.

Verb

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stoke (third-person singular simple presentstokes,present participlestoking,simple past and past participlestoked)

(transitive, obsolete) Topoke,pierce,thrust.
- 1387–1400,[Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Knẏghtes Tale”, inThe Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion:National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410],→OCLC,folio 34, recto, lines1688–1691:
  Ne short swerd for tostoke with point bityng / No man ne drawe ne bere it by his syde / Ne no man shal un to his felawe ryde / But o cours with a sharp ygrounde spere
  No man shall draw a short sword with a sharpened point for piercing thrusts, nor will bear any such weapon by his side. Neither shall any man ride toward his opponent with a sharp-ground spear more than once.

Translations

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to poke, pierce

Bulgarian:мушкам (bg)(muškam)
Dutch:stoken (nl)
French:tisonner (fr)
German:stochen (de),schüren (de)
Korean:쑤시다 (ko)(ssusida),쑤석거리다 (ko)(ssuseokgeorida),지르다 (ko)(jireuda),찌르다 (ko)(jjireuda)
Portuguese:cutucar (pt),furar (pt)

Noun

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stoke (pluralstokes)

An act ofpoking, piercing, thrusting

Etymology 2

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From a back-formation ofstoker, apparently fromDutchstoker, fromstoken(“to kindle a fire, incite, instigate”), fromMiddle Dutchstoken(“to poke, thrust”), fromstock(“stick, stock”), see:tandenstoker. Ultimately the same word as above.

Verb

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stoke (third-person singular simple presentstokes,present participlestoking,simple past and past participlestoked)

(transitive) Tofeed,stir up, especially, a fire or furnace.
(transitive, by extension) Toencourage abehavior oremotion.
- 1974,Joni Mitchell,Free Man in Paris:
  Stoking the star maker machinery behind the popular song
- 2011, Roy F. Baumeister, John Tierney,Willpower,→ISBN, page120:
  Tostoke motivation and ambition, focus instead on the road ahead.
- 2025 August 22, Mike Henson, “England open World Cup with 11-try win over USA”, inBBC Sport‎^[1]:
  But, backed by a partying crowd in cowboy hats and fine voice, it was a display that onlystoked belief that the Red Roses can make good on their status as tournament favourites after losing in five of the past six finals.
(intransitive) Toattend to orsupply a furnace with fuel; to act as astoker orfireman.