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steep

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishsteep, fromOld Englishstēap(“high”), fromProto-Germanic*staupaz, fromProto-Indo-European*(s)tewb-(“to push, stick”).[1]

CompareOld Frisianstāp("high, towering"; > ModernSaterland Frisianstiep(“steep”)),Dutchstoop(“grand; proud”),Middle High Germanstouf(“towering cliff, precipice”),Middle High Germanstief(“steep”)). TheProto-Indo-European root (and related) has many and varied descendants, including Englishstub; compare alsoScotsstap(“to strike, to forcibly insert”).

The sense of “sharp slope” is attested circa 1200; the sense “expensive” is attested US 1856.[1]

Adjective

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steep (comparativesteeper,superlativesteepest)

A car windshield like this is said to have a steep rake.
  1. Of a near-verticalgradient; of aslope,surface,curve, etc. that proceedsupward at an angle near vertical.
    Antonyms:shallow,gentle
    asteep hill or mountain; asteep roof; asteep ascent; asteep barometric gradient
    • 1959 March, “The 2,500 h.p. electric locomotives for the Kent Coast electrification”, inTrains Illustrated, page123:
      They will be called upon to deal with freight trains of up to 900 tons over gradients considerablysteeper than those of the Central Section—for example, the frequent stretches of 1 in 100 between Victoria and the Medway towns—and their running to fast schedules will include the haulage of the "Night Ferry", which may load up to as much as 700 tons, and fully-fitted trains of 30 or more heavy Continental train ferry wagons.
    • 1979, Cormac McCarthy,Suttree, Random House, page21:
      Up thesesteep walkways cannelured for footpurchase, the free passage of roaches.
    • 2010, Robert Beeman,No More Time for Sorrow, page133:
      […] Category Two implement hitches and doubled high-traction agricultural tires hung four to each massive rear axle to breast thesteepest, softest dune or guckiest swamp[…]
  2. (informal)expensive
    Twenty quid for a shave? That's a bitsteep.
  3. (obsolete) Difficult to access; not easy reached; lofty; elevated; high.
    • 1596,George Chapman,De Guiana, carmen Epicum:
      Her ears and thoughts insteep amaze erected
  4. (of therake of aship'smast, or acar'swindshield) resulting in a mast or windshield angle that strongly diverges from theperpendicular
    Thesteep rake of the windshield enhances the fast lines of the exterior.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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near-vertical
expensive—seeexpensive

Noun

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steep (pluralsteeps)

  1. The steep side of a mountain etc.; aslope oracclivity.
    • 1833,Benjamin Disraeli,The Wondrous Tale of Alroy:
      It ended precipitously in a dark and narrow ravine, formed on the other side by an opposite mountain, the loftysteep of which was crested by a city gently rising on a gradual slope

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishstepen, fromOld Norsesteypa(“to make stoop, cast down, pour out, cast (metal)”),[2][3] fromProto-Germanic*staupijaną(“to tumble, make tumble, plunge”), fromProto-Indo-European*(s)tewb-(“to push, hit”). Cognate withDanishstøbe(“cast (metal)”),Norwegianstøpe,støype,Swedishstöpa(“to found, cast (metal)”),Old Englishstūpian(“to stoop, bend the back, slope”). Related tostoop.

Verb

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steep (third-person singular simple presentsteeps,present participlesteeping,simple past and past participlesteeped)

  1. (transitive, middle voice) Tosoak orwet thoroughly.
    Theysteep skins in a tanning solution to create leather.
    The tea issteeping.
    • 1820,William Wordsworth,Composed at Cora Linn, in sight of Wallace's Tower:
      In refreshing dews tosteep / The little, trembling flowers.
  2. (intransitive, figurative) Toimbue with something; to be deeplyimmersed in.
    a townsteeped in history
    • 1871,John Earle,The Philology of the English Tongue:
      The learned of the nation weresteeped in Latin.
    • 1989,Black 47,Big Fellah:
      We fought against each other, two brotherssteeped in blood / But I never doubted that your heart was broken in the flood / And though we had to shoot you down in goldenBéal na mBláth / I always knew that Ireland lost her greatest son of all.
  3. To make tea (or other beverage) by placing leaves in hot water.
Derived terms
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Translations
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to soak an item in liquid
to imbue with an abstract quality
to make tea or other beverage

Noun

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steep (countable anduncountable,pluralsteeps)

  1. Aliquid used in a steeping process
    Cornsteep has many industrial uses.
  2. Arennet bag.
Translations
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liquid

References

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  1. ↑1.01.1Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “steep”, inOnline Etymology Dictionary.
  2. ^Danish cognate inODS:eng. (muligvis fra nordisk) steep
  3. ^“steep”, inWebster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.:G. & C. Merriam,1913,→OCLC.

Anagrams

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