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steal

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic*stelaną
Proto-West Germanic*stelan
Old Englishstelan
Middle Englishstelen
Englishsteal

    Inherited fromMiddle Englishstelen, fromOld Englishstelan, fromProto-West Germanic*stelan, fromProto-Germanic*stelaną.

    Cognate withBavarianstöhn(“to steal”),Dutchstelen(“to steal”),German,Low Germanstehlen(“to steal”),Luxembourgishstielen(“to steal”),Danishstjæle(“to steal”),Faroesestjala(“to steal”),Icelandicstela(“to steal”),Norwegian Bokmålstjele(“to steal”),Norwegian Nynorskstela,stele(“to steal”),Swedishstjäla(“to steal”),Gothic𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽(stilan,“to steal”). For the meaning development compare withRussianкрасть(krastʹ,“to steal”) andRussianкра́сться(krástʹsja,“to stalk, to prowl, to slink”).

    etymology notes

    Proposed etymologies beyond Germanic are numerous and include

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    steal (third-person singular simple presentsteals,present participlestealing,simple paststole,past participlestolenor(nonstandard, colloquial)stole)

    1. (transitive) To takeillegally, or without theowner'spermission, something owned by someone else without intending to return it.
      Three irreplaceable paintings werestolen from the gallery.
      The problem is the two bicyclesstolen from us.
      Theystole all my money (from me).
      • 1762,Charles Johnstone,The Reverie; or, A Flight to the Paradise of Fools, volume 2, Dublin: Printed by Dillon Chamberlaine,→OCLC, page202:
        At length, one night, when the company by ſome accident broke up much ſooner than ordinary, ſo that the candles were not half burnt out, ſhe was not able to reſiſt the temptation, but reſolved to have them ſome way or other. Accordingly, as ſoon as the hurry was over, and the ſervants, as ſhe thought, all gone to ſleep, ſhe ſtole out of her bed, and went down ſtairs, naked to her ſhift as ſhe was, with a deſign toſteal them […].
      • 1909 September 9,Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter II, inThe Squire’s Daughter, London:Methuen & Co. […],→OCLC:
        "I was dragged up at the workhouse school till I was twelve. Then I ran away and sold papers in the streets, and anything else that I could pick up a few coppers by—exceptsteal. I never did that. I always made up my mind I'd be a big man some day, and—I'm glad I didn'tsteal."
      • 1987 November 8, Ron Hansen, “CHILDREN'S BOOKS; DISCOVERING THE OPPOSITE SEX”, inThe New York Times‎[1]:
        Laura snatches coins from inside a truck to make a telephone call, scrounges shoes and clothes for them at a municipal beach, schemes to get a room key so she and Howie can sleep overnight in the Starlight Motel,steals a Jeepster from a deputy sheriff who's trying to arrest them.
      • 1996, Francis Wheen,Lord Gnome's Literary Companion, page74:
        But lawksamercy! While she is here, her youngest is, by pure chance,stolen away by a heroin addict who sells children for adoption by lustful Arabs.
      • 2015 February 7, Azard Ali, “Mother put on a bond for stealing bhaigans”, inTrinidad and Tobago Newsday‎[2]:
        Admitting tostealing the vegetables, Mohammed said, “Boss ah tief the thing, but not me alone.” The bhaigans were valued $100.
    2. (transitive, of ideas, words, music, a look, credit, etc.) To appropriate without giving credit or acknowledgement.
      Theystole my idea for a biodegradable, disposable garbage de-odorizer.
    3. (transitive) Toget or effectsurreptitiously orartfully.
      Hestole glances at the pretty woman across the street.
      • 1741,I[saac] Watts,The Improvement of the Mind: Or, A Supplement to the Art of Logick: […], London: […] James Brackstone, […],→OCLC:
        Variety of objects has a tendency tosteal away the mind too often from its steady pursuit of any subject.
      • 1625,Francis [Bacon], “Of Great Place”, inThe Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret,→OCLC:
        Always, when thou changest thine opinion or course, profess it plainly,[…]and do not think tosteal it.
    4. (transitive, informal, figurative) To acquire at a low price.
      Hestole the car for two thousand less than its book value.
      He got that car for two grand under book? Wow, hestole that thing!
    5. (transitive) To draw attention unexpectedly in (an entertainment), especially by being the outstanding performer. Usually used in the phrasesteal the show.
    6. (intransitive) Tomovesilently orsecretly.
      Hestole across the room, trying not to wake her.
      • 1762,Charles Johnstone,The Reverie; or, A Flight to the Paradise of Fools, volume 2, Dublin: Printed by Dillon Chamberlaine,→OCLC, page202:
        At length, one night, when the company by ſome accident broke up much ſooner than ordinary, ſo that the candles were not half burnt out, ſhe was not able to reſiſt the temptation, but reſolved to have them ſome way or other. Accordingly, as ſoon as the hurry was over, and the ſervants, as ſhe thought, all gone to ſleep, ſheſtole out of her bed, and went down ſtairs, naked to her ſhift as ſhe was, with a deſign to ſteal them […].
      • 1922 October 26,Virginia Woolf, chapter 1, inJacob’s Room, Richmond, London: […] Leonard & Virginia Woolf at theHogarth Press,→OCLC; republished London: The Hogarth Press,1960,→OCLC:
        "Did he take his bottle well?" Mrs. Flanders whispered, and Rebecca nodded and went to the cot and turned down the quilt, and Mrs. Flanders bent over and looked anxiously at the baby, asleep, but frowning. The window shook, and Rebeccastole like a cat and wedged it.
      • 1953 December, Henry Maxwell, “The Folkestone Harbour Branch: Some Evocations”, inRailway Magazine, page809:
        A kind of tense peace, like the centre of a cyclone, descended. Not for long, of course, for alreadystealing upon one's hearing would be the staccato bark and thrust of the banker bringing up the rear.
      • 1961, Norma Lorre Goodrich, “Beowulf”, inThe Medieval Myths, New York: The New American Library, page33:
        When night had fallen, the she-demonstole forth toward the hall, which she entered unheard and unseen.
      • 2011 October 23, Phil McNulty, “Man Utd 1-6 Man City”, inBBC Sport:
        United's hopes of mounting a serious response suffered a blow within two minutes of the restart when Evans, who had endured a miserable afternoon, lost concentration and allowed Balotelli tosteal in behind him. The defender's only reaction was to haul the Italian down, resulting in an inevitable red card.
    7. (transitive) To convey (something)clandestinely.
      • 1948, Alec H. Chisholm,Bird Wonders of Australia, page41:
        The fact that European Cuckoossteal their eggs into the nests of other birds has been generally known for more than a thousand years.
    8. To withdraw or convey (oneself) clandestinely.
    9. (transitive, baseball) Toadvance safely to (another base) during the delivery of a pitch, without the aid of a hit, walk, passed ball, wild pitch, or defensive indifference.
    10. (sports, transitive) Todispossess
      • 2011 February 12, Les Roopanarine, “Birmingham 1-0 Stoke”, inBBC:
        However, until Gardnerstole the ball from Dean Whitehead in the centre circle with the half-hour approaching, setting off on a run which culminated with a testing long-range shot - with debutant Obafemi Martins lurking, Begovic gathered at the second time of asking - Stoke looked the more credible contenders to break the deadlock.
    11. (informal, transitive, hyperbolic) Toborrow for a short moment.
      Can Isteal your pen?
    12. (informal, transitive, humorous) To take or retell someone else’s joke; to use a clever phrase or expression from someone else in one's own speaking or writing.

    Conjugation

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    Conjugation ofsteal
    infinitive(to)steal
    present tensepast tense
    1st-personsingularstealstole
    2nd-personsingularsteal,stealest†stole,stolest†
    3rd-personsingularsteals,stealeth†stole
    pluralsteal
    subjunctivestealstole
    imperativesteal—
    participlesstealingstolen,stole1

    †Archaic orobsolete. 1 Nonstandard, colloquial.

    Synonyms

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    Antonyms

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    Troponyms

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    Derived terms

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    Terms derived fromsteal (verb)

    Related terms

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    Translations

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    to illegally take possession of
    to get or effect surreptitiously or artfully
    to draw attention
    to move silently
    baseball: to advance safely during the pitch
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    See also

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    Noun

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    steal (pluralsteals)

    2. The act of stealing.
    4. (slang, figurative) A piece ofmerchandise available at a very low, attractive price; the act of buying it.
      Antonym:rip-off
      Near-synonyms:bargain,good value,value for money
      At this price, this car is asteal.
      He got that thing for just twenty bucks? What asteal!
    6. (basketball, ice hockey) A situation in which a defensive player actively takes possession of the ball or puck from the opponent's team.
    8. (baseball) Astolen base.
    10. (curling) Scoring in anend without thehammer.
    12. (computing) Apolicy indatabase systems that a database follows which allows atransaction to be written on nonvolatile storage before itscommit occurs.

    Translations

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    merchandise available at a very attractive price—see alsobargain,‎deal
    the act of stealing
    a stolen base
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    References

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    1. ^J.P. Mallory and D.Q. Adams,Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, s.v. "steal" (London: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999), 543.
    2. ^Vladimir Orel,A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, s.v. "stelanan" (Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, 2003), 374.
    3. ^Guus Kroonen and Alexander Lubotsky, Proto-Indo-European *tsel- 'to sneak' and Germanic *stelan- 'to steal, approach stealthily',Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia vol. 14 (2009).

    Anagrams

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