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start

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Start,START,štart,andстарт

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishstert, from the verbsterten(“to start, startle”). See below.

Noun

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start (pluralstarts)

  1. Thebeginning of an activity.
    The movie was entertaining fromstart to finish.
  2. A sudden involuntarymovement.
    He woke with astart.
  3. The beginningpoint of arace, aboard game, etc.
    Captured pieces are returned to thestart of the board.
  4. Anappearance in a sports game, horserace, etc., from the beginning of the event.
    Jones has been a substitute before, but made his firststart for the team last Sunday.
    • 2011 February 12, Ian Hughes, “Arsenal 2 - 0 Wolverhampton”, inBBC‎[1]:
      Wilshere, who made his firststart for England in the midweek friendly win over Denmark, raced into the penalty area and chose to cross rather than shoot - one of the very few poor selections he made in the match.
  5. (horticulture) A youngplantgerminated in a pot to betransplanted later.
    • 2009, Liz Primeau, Steven A. Frowine,Gardening Basics For Canadians For Dummies:
      You generally see nurserystarts at garden centres in mid to late spring. Small annual plants are generally sold in four-packs or larger packs, with each cell holding a single young plant.
  6. An initial advantage over somebody else; ahead start.
    to get, or have, thestart
  7. (UK, slang, archaic) Ahappening orproceeding.
    • 1887, Hawley Smart,A False Start, volume 2, page69:
      “It's a rumstart, old John Madingley's coming down to Tunnleton,” said Grafton, one evening in the smoking-room;[…]
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Translations
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beginning of an activity
sudden involuntary movement
beginning point of a race
appearance in a sports game from the beginning of the match
horticulture: young plant germinated in a pot to be transplanted later
initial advantage over somebody else—seehead start
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishsterten(“to leap up suddenly, rush out”), fromOld Englishstyrtan(“to leap up, start”), fromProto-West Germanic*sturtijan(“to startle, move, set in motion”), fromProto-Indo-European*(s)ter-(“to be stiff”). Cognate withOld Frisianstirta(“to fall down, tumble”),Middle Dutchsterten(“to rush, fall, collapse”) (Dutchstorten),Old High Germansturzen(“to hurl, plunge, turn upside down”) (Germanstürzen),Old High Germansterzan(“to be stiff, protrude”). More atstare.

Verb

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start (third-person singular simple presentstarts,present participlestarting,simple past and past participlestarted)

  1. (ergative) Tobegin,commence,initiate.
    1. To set inmotion.
      tostart a stream of water;   tostart a rumour;   tostart a business
      • April 2, 1716,Joseph Addison,Freeholder No. 30
        I was some years ago engaged in conversation with a fashionable French Abbe, upon a subject which the people of that kingdom love tostart in discourse.
      • 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXII, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
        In the autumn there was a row at some cement works about the unskilled labour men. A union had just beenstarted for them and all but a few joined. One of these blacklegs was laid for by a picket and knocked out of time.
    2. Tobegin.
      The President fired the gun tostart the footrace.
      The rainstarted at 9:00.
      • 2013 July 19,Peter Wilby, “Finland spreads word on schools”, inThe Guardian Weekly, volume189, number 6, page30:
        Imagine a country where children do nothing but play until theystart compulsory schooling at age seven. Then, without exception, they attend comprehensives until the age of 16. Charging school fees is illegal, and so is sorting pupils into ability groups by streaming or setting.
      • 1913,Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, inMr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London:D[aniel] Appleton and Company,→OCLC:
        Thinks I to myself, “Sol, you're run off your course again. This is a rich man's summer ‘cottage’ […].” So Istarted to back away again into the bushes. But I hadn't backed more'n a couple of yards when I see something so amazing that I couldn't help scooching down behind the bayberries and looking at it.
    4. Toready the operation of a vehicle or machine.
      tostart the engine
    5. To put or raise (a question, an objection); to put forward (a subject for discussion).
    6. To bring onto being or into view; to originate; to invent.
      • 1674,William Temple,letter to The Countess of Essex:
        Sensual men agree in the pursuit of every pleasure they canstart.
  2. (intransitive) Tohave itsorigin (at),begin.
    The speed limit is 50 km/h,starting at the edge of town.
    The blue linestarts one foot away from the wall.
  3. To move suddenly, from a previous state of rest; tostartle.
    1. (intransitive) Tojerk,jump up,flinch, or draw back insurprise.
      Synonym:jump
      • c.1597 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Merry Wiues of Windsor”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act V, scene v]:
        But if hestart,
        It is the flesh of a corrupted heart.
      • c.1599–1602 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act I, scene v],page257, column 2:
        I could a Tale vnfold, vvhoſe lighteſt vvord
        VVould harrovv vp thy ſoule, freeze thy young blood,
        Make thy tvvo eyes like Starres,ſtart from their Spheres,
        Thy knotty and combined locks to part,
        And each particular haire to ſtand an end,
        Like Quilles vpon the fretfull Porpentine:[…]
      • 1681,John Dryden,The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson andJacob Tonson, […],→OCLC,(please specify the page number):
        Istart as from some dreadful dream.
      • 1725, Isaac Watts,Logick: Or, The Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry after Truth, […], 2nd edition, London: […] John Clark and Richard Hett, […], Emanuel Matthews, […], and Richard Ford, […], published1726,→OCLC:
        Keep your soul to the work when it is ready tostart aside.
      • 1855,Robert Browning,Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section XXXI:
        [...] The tempest's mocking elf
        Points to the shipman thus the unseen shelf
        He strikes on, only when the timbersstart.
      • 1891,Oscar Wilde, chapter VIII, inThe Picture of Dorian Gray, London; New York, N.Y.; Melbourne, Vic.:Ward Lock & Co.,→OCLC,page139:
        Suddenly his eye fell on the screen that he had placed in front of the portrait, and hestarted.
      • 1836, Elizur Wright,Quarterly Anti-slavery Magazine, volume 2, page162:
        Physical poison would make themstart from arsenicked bread; shall not the moral poison which is in it, make themstart more promptly still from slave produce?
    2. (intransitive) Toawaken suddenly.
      • 1816 June –1817 April/May (date written), [Mary Shelley], chapter IV, inFrankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. […], volume I, London: […] [Macdonald and Son] for Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, & Jones, published 1 January 1818,→OCLC,page100:
        Istarted from my sleep with horror; a cold dew covered my forehead, my teeth chattered, and every limb became convulsed; [...]
    3. (transitive) Todisturb and set in motion; toalarm; torouse; to cause to flee.
      The houndsstarted a fox.
    4. (ergative, of an object) To come loose, to break free of a firmly set position; todisplace orloosen; todislocate.
      the stormstarted the bolts in the vessel
      • 1676,Richard Wiseman,Severall Chirurgicall Treatises, London: […] E. Flesher and J. Macock, forR[ichard] Royston […], and B[enjamin] Took, […],→OCLC:
        One, by a fall in wrestling,started the end of the clavicle from the sternon.
      • 1749, [John Cleland], “[Letter the First]”, inMemoirs of a Woman of Pleasure [Fanny Hill], volume I, London: […] [Thomas Parker] for G. Fenton [i.e., Fenton andRalph Griffiths] […],→OCLC,page76:
        [...] we could, with the greateſt eaſe, as well as clearneſs, ſee all objects, (ourſelves unſeen) only by applying our eyes cloſe to the crevice, where the moulding of a pannel had warp'd, orſtarted a little on the other ſide.
  4. (transitive, sports) To put into play.
    • 2010, Brian Glanville,The Story of the World Cup: The Essential Companion to South Africa 2010, London: Faber and Faber,→ISBN,page361:
      The charge against Zagallo then is not so much that hestarted Ronaldo, but that when it should surely have been clear that the player was in no fit state to take part he kept him on.
    • 2024 May 6, Sid Lowe, “Portu’s brilliant burst seals Girona’s top-four fairytale in the perfect way”, inThe Guardian‎[2],→ISSN:
      “Look at Portu,” Michel insisted, “he scores goals and I neverstart him. He says: ‘You’re sinking me, but OK, I’ll just go out and score again.’”
  5. (transitive, nautical) To pour out; to empty; to tap and begin drawing from.
    tostart a water cask
  6. (intransitive, euphemistic) To begin one'smenstrual cycle.
    Have youstarted yet?
Usage notes
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Synonyms
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Antonyms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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Translations
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to begin
to set in motion—see alsoprovoke,‎cause
to initiate operation of a vehicle or machine
to put or raise a question or objection, to put forward
of an activity, to begin
to have its origin (at), begin
to jerk suddenly in surprise
to awaken suddenly
to break away, to come loose
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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start (pluralstarts)

  1. An instance ofstarting.
Derived terms
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See also

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See also theterms derived from starting.

Etymology 3

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FromMiddle Englishstert,start(“tail, handle, projection”), fromOld Englishsteort, fromProto-West Germanic*stert, fromProto-Germanic*stertaz(“tail”). Cognate withScotsstart,stairt(“side-post, shaft, upright post”),Dutchstaart(“tail”),GermanSterz(“tail, handle”),Swedishstjärt(“tail, arse”).

Noun

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start (pluralstarts)

  1. Aprojection orprotrusion; that whichpokes out.
  2. The curved or inclined front and bottom of awater wheelbucket.
    • 1845, Captain R.E. Crawley,Description of a Water-Course, Wharf, and Water-Wheel, erected at Waltham Abbey, Essex […] :
      The fall of water is 6 feet, and the radius of the curve is 8 feet, from the centre of the water-wheel to the extreme point of thestart.
  3. Thearm, orlevel, of agin, drawn around by ahorse.
    • 1834, William Andrus Alcott, Samuel Griswold Goodrich,Parley's Magazine, page364:
      ... horses, a number of men who seemed to acquire strength as the necessity for it increased, applied their shoulders to thestarts, or shafts of the gin, and worked it with extraordinary speed. By twelve o'clock, thirty-two […]
    • 1854, Glynn,Rudimentary Treatise on the Construction of Cranes and Machinery for Raising Heavy Bodies, page13:
      […] so that the horse may not expend his force in an oblique direction, but get a fair pull on the "starts."
    • 1973,Industrial Archaeology, page254:
      With iron posts it is of course impossible to mortise in thestarts and they were bolted between two cast-iron plates instead. The inclined stays were bolted to a […]
Derived terms
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Etymology 4

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Variant ofstark.[1]

Adverb

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start (comparativemorestart,superlativemoststart)

  1. (dialectal, archaic)Completely,utterly.
    • 1828 August 22, “Militia System”, inThe New England Farmer, volume VII, Boston, M.A.: John B. Russell, published1829,page40, column 1:
      Col.—The age has no sense—the people arestart mad—as mad as a March mare. We should have fine times, indeed if our laws did'ntcompel the poor people to protect the property of the rich.

References

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  1. ^“start,adv.”, inOED OnlinePaid subscription required⁠, Oxford:Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

Anagrams

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Breton

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Adjective

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start

  1. firm,strong
  2. difficult

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • Herve Ar Bihan,Colloquial Breton, pages 16 and 268: define "start" as "hard, difficult, firm"

Crimean Tatar

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstart.

Noun

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start

  1. start

Declension

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Declension ofstart
nominativestart
genitivestartnıñ
dativestartqa
accusativestartnı
locativestartta
ablativestarttan

References

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  • Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002),Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎[3], Simferopol: Dolya,→ISBN

Czech

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstart.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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start m inan

  1. start(beginning point of a race)

Declension

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Declension ofstart (hard masculine inanimate)
singularplural
nominativestartstarty
genitivestartustartů
dativestartustartům
accusativestartstarty
vocativestartestarty
locativestartustartech
instrumentalstartemstarty

Related terms

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See also

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Further reading

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Danish

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstart.

Noun

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start c (singular definitestarten,plural indefinitestarter)

  1. start

Inflection

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Declension ofstart
common
gender		singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativestartstartenstarterstarterne
genitivestartsstartensstartersstarternes

Verb

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start

  1. imperative ofstarte

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromEnglishstart.

Noun

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start m (pluralstarts,diminutivestartje n)

  1. start
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Verb

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start

  1. inflection ofstarten:
    1. first/second/third-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. imperative

German

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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start

  1. singularimperative ofstarten

Maltese

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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start

  1. first/second-personsingularperfect ofsatar

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromEnglishstart.

Noun

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start m (definite singularstarten,indefinite pluralstarter,definite pluralstartene)

  1. astart
    frastart til mål ―fromstart to finish
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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start

  1. imperative ofstarte

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstart.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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start m (definite singularstarten,indefinite pluralstartar,definite pluralstartane)

  1. astart(beginning)

Verb

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start

  1. imperative ofstarta

Derived terms

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References

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Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediapl

Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstart.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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start m inan

  1. (sports)start(beginning of a race)
  2. (aviation)takeoff
    Z niecierpliwością czekałam nastart samolotu do Paryża.
    I was impatiently waiting for the plane to Paris to take off/for its take-off.
  3. participation
    Większość kibiców ucieszyła się, że zdecydował się on nastart w zawodach.
    Most fans were happy to hear that he had decided to take part in the competition.

Declension

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Declension ofstart
singularplural
nominativestartstarty
genitivestartustartów
dativestartowistartom
accusativestartstarty
instrumentalstartemstartami
locativestarciestartach
vocativestarciestarty

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • start inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • start in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishstart.

Noun

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start m (pluralstarts)

  1. alternative form ofestarte

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstart.

Noun

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start n (pluralstarturi)

  1. start(of a race)

Declension

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Declension ofstart
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativestartstartulstarturistarturile
genitive-dativestartstartuluistarturistarturilor
vocativestartulestarturilor

Swedish

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstart.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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start c

  1. astart; abeginning (of a race)
  2. thestarting (of an engine)

Declension

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Declension ofstart
nominativegenitive
singularindefinitestartstarts
definitestartenstartens
pluralindefinitestarterstarters
definitestarternastarternas

Derived terms

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Related terms

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References

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Anagrams

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Turkish

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishstart.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [staɾt]
  • Hyphenation:start

Noun

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start (definite accusativestartı,pluralstartlar)

  1. start

Usage notes

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Turkish phonotactics disallows complex syllable onsets, thus speakers may epenthesize a vowel after the first consonant, pronouncing it as[sɯtaɾt].

Declension

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Declension ofstart
singularplural
nominativestartstartlar
definite accusativestartıstartları
dativestartastartlara
locativestarttastartlarda
ablativestarttanstartlardan
genitivestartınstartların
Possessive forms
nominative
singularplural
1st singularstartımstartlarım
2nd singularstartınstartların
3rd singularstartıstartları
1st pluralstartımızstartlarımız
2nd pluralstartınızstartlarınız
3rd pluralstartlarıstartları
definite accusative
singularplural
1st singularstartımıstartlarımı
2nd singularstartınıstartlarını
3rd singularstartınıstartlarını
1st pluralstartımızıstartlarımızı
2nd pluralstartınızıstartlarınızı
3rd pluralstartlarınıstartlarını
dative
singularplural
1st singularstartımastartlarıma
2nd singularstartınastartlarına
3rd singularstartınastartlarına
1st pluralstartımızastartlarımıza
2nd pluralstartınızastartlarınıza
3rd pluralstartlarınastartlarına
locative
singularplural
1st singularstartımdastartlarımda
2nd singularstartındastartlarında
3rd singularstartındastartlarında
1st pluralstartımızdastartlarımızda
2nd pluralstartınızdastartlarınızda
3rd pluralstartlarındastartlarında
ablative
singularplural
1st singularstartımdanstartlarımdan
2nd singularstartındanstartlarından
3rd singularstartındanstartlarından
1st pluralstartımızdanstartlarımızdan
2nd pluralstartınızdanstartlarınızdan
3rd pluralstartlarındanstartlarından
genitive
singularplural
1st singularstartımınstartlarımın
2nd singularstartınınstartlarının
3rd singularstartınınstartlarının
1st pluralstartımızınstartlarımızın
2nd pluralstartınızınstartlarınızın
3rd pluralstartlarınınstartlarının

Antonyms

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