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sovereign

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Sovereign

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishsovereyn, fromOld Frenchsoverain (whence also modernFrenchsouverain), fromVulgar Latin*superānus (compareItaliansovrano,Spanishsoberano) fromLatinsuper(above). Spelling influenced by folk-etymology association withreign.Doublet ofsoprano, from the same Latin root via Italian.Doublet ofsouverain. See alsosuzerain,foreign.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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sovereign (comparativemoresovereign,superlativemostsovereign)

  1. Exercising power ofrule.
    sovereign nation
  2. Exceptional inquality.
    Her voice was hersovereign talent.
  3. (now rare, pharmacology) Extremelypotent or effective (of a medicine, remedy etc.).
    • 1590,Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto V”, inThe Faerie Queene. [], London: [] [John Wolfe] forWilliam Ponsonbie,→OCLC:
      Theſoueraigne weede betwixt two marbles plaine
      She pownded ſmall, and did in peeces bruze,
      And then atweene her lilly handes twaine,
      Into his wound the iuyce thereof did ſcruze[]
    • c.1597 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, []”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies [] (First Folio), London: [] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act I, scene iii]:
      [] God save the mark!—
      And telling me thesovereign’st thing on earth
      Was parmaceti for an inward bruise;
    • 1876,John Davies, “[Tobacco.]”, inAlexander B[alloch] Grosart, editor,The Complete Poems of Sir John Davies. Edited, with Memorial-Introduction and Notes, by the Rev. Alexander B. Grosart. In Two Volumes (Early English Poets), volume II, London:Chatto and Windus,Piccadilly,→OCLC,page226:
      Homer ofMoly andNepenthe singes:
      Moly, the gods mostsoveraigne hearbe divine.
      Nepenth Hellen's drink, which gladnes brings,—
      Hart's greife repells, and doth ye witts refine.
    • 1681,John Dryden,The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. [], London: [] Richard Tonson andJacob Tonson, [],→OCLC,(please specify the page number):
      asovereign remedy
    • 1692–1717,Robert South,Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume(please specify |volume=I to VI), London:
      Such asovereign influence has this passion upon the regulation of the lives and actions of men.
    • 1900, James George Frazer,The Golden Bough, volume 3, page297:
      In Spain people still bathe in the sea or roll naked in the dew of the meadows on St. John’s Eve, believing that this is asovereign preservative against diseases of the skin.
  4. Having supreme,ultimate power.
    Gentlemen, may I introduce Her Royal Highness, theSovereign and Most Imperial Majesty, Empress Elizabeth of Vicron.
    • 1972, Brian Potter, Dennis Lambert, “Keeper of the Castle”, performed byThe Four Tops:
      You're the keeper of the castle
      So be a father to your children
      The provider of all their daily needs
      Like asovereign Lord protector
      Be their destiny's director
      And they'll do well to follow where you lead.
  5. Princely; royal.
  6. Predominant; greatest; utmost; paramount.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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exercising power of rule
exceptional in quality

Noun

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sovereign (pluralsovereigns)

A sovereign
  1. Amonarch; theruler of acountry.
    • 1594,William Shakespeare,Lucrece (First Quarto)‎[1], London: [] Richard Field, for Iohn Harrison, [],→OCLC:
      The petty ſtreames that paie a dailiedet
      To their ſaltſoveraigne with their freſhfalshaſt,
      Adde to his flowe, but alter not histaſt.
    • 1667,John Milton, “Book I”, inParadise Lost. [], London: [] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker [];[a]nd by Robert Boulter [];[a]nd Matthias Walker, [],→OCLC; republished asParadise Lost in Ten Books: [], London: Basil Montagu Pickering [],1873,→OCLC, lines242-249:
      Is this the Region, this the Soil, the Clime,
      Said then the lost Archangel, this the seat
      That we must change for Heaven?, this mournful gloom
      For that celestial light? Be it so, since hee
      Who now isSovran can dispose and bid
      What shall be right : fardest from him is best
      Whom reason hath equald, force hath made supream
      Above his equals.[]
    • 1785,Thomas Jefferson,Notes on the State of Virginia:
      No question is to be made but that the bed of the Missisippi[sic] belongs to thesovereign, that is, to the nation.
  2. One who is not asubject to a ruler or nation.
    1. Ellipsis ofsovereign citizen.
      • 2019 March 29, Ashley Powers, “How Sovereign Citizens Helped Swindle $1 Billion From the Government They Disavow”, inThe New York Times[2],→ISSN:
        A loose network of perhaps tens of thousands of far-right antigovernment extremists,sovereigns share certain conspiratorial beliefs and, sometimes, a desire to profit off a government whose legitimacy they deny.
  3. Agold coin of the United Kingdom, with a nominal value of onepound sterling but in practice used as abullion coin.
  4. A former Australian gold coin, minted from 1855–1931, of one pound value.
  5. A very largechampagnebottle with thecapacity of about 25liters, equivalent to 33+13standard bottles.
  6. Anybutterfly of thetribeNymphalini, orgenusBasilarchia, eg.,ursula,viceroy.
  7. (UK, slang) A large, garish ring; asovereign ring.
    • 2004, December 11,"Birkenhead, Merseyside" BBC Voices recording (0:06:52)
      No, someone who wears loads ofsovereigns as well loads of gold and has uh a curly perm and peroxide blonde hair, orange, orange sunbed skin and a fringe like this blow-dried to death, that’s a ‘scally’.
    • 2011 July 1, Caroline Davies, “Harrods 'ladies' code' drives out sales assistant”, inThe Guardian[3]:
      No visible tattoos,sovereigns, mismatched jewellery, scrunchies, large clips or hoop earrings.

Hyponyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Translations

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monarch
one who is not a subject to a ruler or nation
coin
very large champagne bottle

See also

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Verb

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sovereign (third-person singular simple presentsovereigns,present participlesovereigning,simple past and past participlesovereigned)

  1. (transitive) To rule over as a sovereign.

Anagrams

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