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sound

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Sound

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishsound,sund,isund,ȝesund, fromOld Englishsund(“sound, safe, whole, uninjured, healthy, prosperous”), fromProto-West Germanic*sund, fromProto-Germanic*sundaz(“healthy”), merged with synonymousOld Englishġesund, fromProto-West Germanic*gasund.

Cognate withScotssound,soun(“healthy, sound”),Saterland Frisiansuund,gesuund(“healthy”),West Frisiansûn(“healthy”),Dutchgezond(“healthy, sound”),Low Germansund,gesund(“healthy”),Germangesund(“healthy, sound”),Danishsund(“healthy”),Swedishsund(“sound, healthy”). Possibly related also toDutchgezwind(“fast, quick”),Germangeschwind(“fast, quick”),Old Englishswīþ(“strong, mighty, powerful, active, severe, violent”). Seeswith.

Adjective

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sound (comparativesounder,superlativesoundest)

  1. Healthy.
    He was safe andsound.
    In horse management asound horse is one with no health problems that might affect its suitability for its intended work.
    • 1842 May 30, “Roscorla v. Thomas”, inMontagu[e] Chambers, editor,The Law Journal Reports for the Year 1842, volumes XX (New Series – volume XI, part II), London: E. B. Ince, 5 Quality Court,Chancery Lane,→OCLC,pages214–215:
      on the 29th of September 1840, in consideration that the plaintiff, at the request of the defendant, had bought of the defendant a certain horse, at a certain price, to wit, 30l., the defendant promised plaintiff that the horse did not exceed five years off, and that it wassound in wind and limb, perfect in vision, and free from vice;[…]
  2. Complete,solid, orsecure.
    Fred assured me the floorboards weresound.
    • 1614–1615,Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, inGeo[rge] Chapman, transl.,Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [andWilliam Jaggard], forNathaniell Butter, published1615,→OCLC; republished inThe Odysseys of Homer, […], volume(please specify the book number), London:John Russell Smith, […],1857,→OCLC:
      The brasswork here, how rich it is in beams, / And how, besides, it makes the whole housesound.
      The spelling has been modernized.
    • 2021 November 17, Andrew Mourant, “Okehampton: a new dawn for Dartmoor”, inRail, number944, page43:
      Refurbishing Okehampton station, kept basicallysound under ownership by Devon Council, remains a work in progress and scheduled for completion next spring.
  3. (mathematics, logic) Having the property ofsoundness.
    Hypernym:valid
    • 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster,The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.:Field Museum of Natural History,→ISBN, page vii:
      With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable forsound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get[…]
  4. (British, Ireland, slang)Good;acceptable;decent.
    How are you? —I'msound.
    That's asound track you're playing.
    See that man over there? He'ssound. You should get to know him.
  5. (of sleep)Quiet anddeep.
    Sound asleep means sleeping peacefully, and often deeply.
    Her sleep wassound.
    asound night’s sleep
  6. Heavy;laid on withforce.
    asound beating
  7. Founded in law; legal; valid; not defective.
    asound title to land
Derived terms
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terms derived fromsound (adjective)
Descendants
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Translations
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healthy
complete, solid, or secure
UK, slang: good or a good thing
deep and restful of sleep
sound asleep—seesound asleep
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adverb

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sound (comparativemoresound,superlativemostsound)

  1. Soundly.

Interjection

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sound

  1. (British, Ireland, slang)Yes;used to show agreement or understanding.
    I found my jacket. —Sound.

Etymology 2

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Displaced nativeMiddle Englishswei, fromOld Englishswēġ, fromProto-Germanic*swōgiz.

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Adrum producessound via a vibrating membrane.
Sound of adoorbell.

Noun

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sound (countable anduncountable,pluralsounds)

  2. Asensationperceived by theear caused by thevibration ofair or some othermedium.
    He turned when he heard thesound of footstepsbehind him. Nobody made asound.
    • 1667,John Milton, “Book I”, inParadise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […];[a]nd by Robert Boulter […];[a]nd Matthias Walker, […],→OCLC; republished asParadise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […],1873,→OCLC:
      The warlikesound / Of trumpets loud and clarions.
    • 1905,Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany],The Gods of Pegāna, London:[Charles] Elkin Mathews, […],→OCLC,page88:
      Through all the Worlds aresounds, the noises of moving, and the echoes of voices and song; but upon the River is nosound ever heard, for there all echoes die.
  3. Avibration capable of causing such sensations.
    • 1820,Encyclopaedia Britannica; Or A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Miscellaneous Literature‎[1], 6th edition, volume20, Edinburgh: Archibald Constable and Company, page501:
      In trumpets for assisting the hearing, all reverbation of the trumpet must be avoided. It must be made thick, of the least elastic materials, and covered with cloth externally. For all reverbation lasts for a short time, and produces newsounds which mix with those which are coming in.
    • 1906,Stanley J[ohn] Weyman, chapter I, inChippinge Borough, New York, N.Y.: McClure, Phillips & Co.,→OCLC,page01:
      It was April 22, 1831, and a young man was walking down Whitehall in the direction of Parliament Street. […]. He halted opposite the Privy Gardens, and, with his face turned skywards, listened until thesound of the Tower guns smote again on the ear and dispelled his doubts.
  4. (music) Adistinctivestyle andsonority of aparticularmusician,orchestra etc.
    • 1954, Valentine Davieset al.,The Glenn Miller Story:
      He looks like he's got it, maybe. Listen to those kids!/There's no maybe about it. That's it, that's thesound.
  5. Noise without meaning; empty noise.
  6. Earshot, distance within which a certain noise may be heard.
    Stay within thesound of my voice.
  7. (phonetics) Asegment as a part of spoken language, the smallest unit of spoken language, aspeech sound.
Synonyms
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Descendants
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Translations
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sensation perceived by the ear
vibration capable of causing this
speech sound
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See also
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Verb

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sound (third-person singular simple presentsounds,present participlesounding,simple past and past participlesounded)

  1. (intransitive) To produce a sound.
    When the hornsounds, take cover.
  2. (copulative) To convey an impression by one's sound.
    Hesounded good when we last spoke.
    That storysounds like a pack of lies!
  3. (intransitive) To be conveyed in sound; to be spread or published; to convey intelligence by sound.
    • 1560, [William Whittinghamet al., transl.],The Bible and Holy Scriptures Conteyned in the Olde and Newe Testament. […] (theGeneva Bible), Geneva: […] Rouland Hall,→OCLC,I. Thessalonians I:8,folio 95, recto:
      For from youſounded out the worde of the Lord, not in Macedonia & in Achaia onely: but your faith alſo which is towarde God, ſpred abroade in all quarters, that we nede not to ſpeake any thing.
  4. (intransitive, obsolete) Toresound.
  5. (intransitive, law, often within) Toarise or to be recognizable as arising in or from a particular area of law, or as likely to result in a particular kind of legalremedy.
    In my opinion this claimsounds in damages rather than in an injunction.
    • 1999, Supreme Court of the United States,City of Monterey v. Del Monte Dunes at Montery, Ltd. et al.‎[2]:
      […]there can be no doubt that claims brought pursuant to § 1983sound in tort.
  6. (transitive) To cause to produce a sound.
    Sound the alarm!
    Hesounds the instrument.
    • 1955 March, “Train Describers at Euston”, inRailway Magazine, page170:
      If a train enters the forward section before its description has been transmitted, a "not described" lamp is illuminated on the transmitter, an alarm buzzer issounded, and the lamp remains alight until a description has been transmitted.
  7. (transitive, phonetics, of a vowel or consonant) To pronounce.
    The "e" in "house" isn'tsounded.
Synonyms
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Translations
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to produce a sound
to convey an impression by one's sound
law: to arise
to cause to produce a sound
to pronounce
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Derived terms

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Etymology 3

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    FromMiddle Englishsound,sund(“body of water; swimming; air bladder of a fish”),[1] fromOld Englishsund(“the power, capacity, or act of swimming; swimming; sea; ocean; water; sound; strait; channel”),Old Norsesund(“channel, inlet, strait”), fromProto-Germanic*sundą(“swimming; sound”), fromProto-Indo-European*swem-(“swimming; sea”).

    Cognate withDutchzond(“sound; strait”),Danishsund(“sound; strait; channel”),Swedishsund(“sound; strait; channel”),Icelandicsund(“sound; strait; channel”),GermanSund. Related toswim.

    Noun

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    sound (pluralsounds)

    EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia
    2. (geography) A long narrowinlet, or astrait between the mainland and an island; also, a strait connecting two seas, or connecting a sea or lake with the ocean.
      • 1605, M. N. [pseudonym;William Camden],Remaines of a Greater Worke, Concerning Britaine, […], London: […] G[eorge] E[ld] for Simon Waterson,→OCLC:
        TheSound of Denmarke, where ships pay toll.
    3. Theair bladder of afish.
      Codsounds are an esteemed article of food.
      • 1997, Mark Kurlansky,Cod, page118:
        The head was chopped off, the belly opened, the liver set aside--sometimes along with the roe,sounds, throats, and other items.
    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    Translations
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    long narrow inlet
    air bladder—seeswim bladder
    cuttlefish—seecuttlefish

    Etymology 4

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      FromMiddle Englishsounden, fromOld Frenchsonder, fromsonde(“sounding line”) ofGermanic origin, compareOld Englishsundgyrd(“a sounding rod”),sundline(“a sounding line”),Old Englishsund(“water, sea”). More atEtymology 3 above.

      Verb

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      sound (third-person singular simple presentsounds,present participlesounding,simple past and past participlesounded)

      1. (intransitive) Of awhale, todive downwards.
        The whalesounded and eight hundred feet of heavy line streaked out of the line tub before he ended his dive.
      2. Toascertain, or to try to ascertain, the thoughts, motives, and purposes of (a person); to examine; to try; to test; to probe.
        When Isounded him, he appeared to favor the proposed deal.
      3. Tofathom ortest; to ascertain the depth of water with a sounding line or other device.
        Mariners on sailing ships wouldsound the depth of the water with a weighted rope.
      4. (medicine) Toexamine with the instrument called a sound or sonde, or byauscultation orpercussion.
        tosound a patient, or the bladder or urethra
      Derived terms
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      Translations
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      to dive downwards, of a whale
      to probe
      to test

      Noun

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      sound (pluralsounds)

      EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
      Wikipedia
      1. (medicine) A long, thinprobe forsounding or dilating body cavities or canals such as the urethra; asonde.
        • 1951 January, Gordon W. Reynolds, “The Female Urethra and Chronic Urethritis”, inNorthwest Medicine, volume50, number 1, Portland, Ore.: Northwest Medical Publishing Association,page34:
          Most mild cases respond very nicely to such relatively simple office procedures as dilatations withsounds of increasing calibre, followed by the instillation of an ounce of 5 per cent argyrol in the bladder.
      Translations
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      long, thin probe for sounding or dilating body cavities or canals

      References

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      1. ^“sǒund(e,n.(1)”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.

      Anagrams

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      Indonesian

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      Etymology

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      Pseudo-anglicism. Anellipsis ofEnglishsound system.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      sound

      1. (colloquial)sound system

      Italian

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed fromEnglishsound.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      sound m (invariable)

      1. (music)sound (distinctive style and sonority)

      References

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      1. ^sound inLuciano Canepari,Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

      Anagrams

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      Middle English

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      Noun

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      sound

      1. (Southern)alternative form ofsonde

      Swedish

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed fromEnglishsound. Attested since 1954.

      Noun

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      sound n

      1. (music) asound (distinctive style)
        Gruppen har ett uniktsound
        The band has a uniquesound

      Declension

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      Declension ofsound
      nominativegenitive
      singularindefinitesoundsounds
      definitesoundetsoundets
      pluralindefinitesoundsounds
      definitesoundensoundens

      References

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