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sic

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:SIC,siç,sić,šić,andšič

Translingual

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Symbol

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sic

  1. (international standards, obsolete)Former ISO 639-3language code forMalinguat.

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Learned borrowing fromLatinsīc(thus, so).

Adverb

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sic (notcomparable)

  1. Thus; as written;used to indicate, for example, thattext is beingquoted as it is from thesource.
    • 1909 January 28, H. E. Wilkie Young, “Notes on the City of Mosul” (despatch No. 4), inForeign Office, volume195, number2308; quoted in Elie Khadouri[e], “Mosul in 1909”, inMiddle Eastern Studies[1], volume 7, number 2,1971,→JSTOR, page229:
      When it is all over they merge and go in a body to visit [...] the Telegraph Office – with plausible expressions of regret and excuses for the mob ‘which’ they say ‘is deplorably ignorant and will not be restrained when its feelings are strongly moved’ –sic, the fact being that the mob’s feelings will never be ‘moved’ unless it is by one of them.
    • 2003, Monika Fludernik,The Fictions of Language and the Languages of Fiction,Routledge,→ISBN, page468:
      Bolinger, Dwight (1977) ‘Pronoun and repeated nouns.’Lingua18:1-34 [Quotedsic in Toolan 1990. Neither in Lingua 18, nor in the 1977 volume of that journal.]
    • 2006, Christina Scull with Wayne G. Hammond,JRR Tolkien companion & guide, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt,→ISBN:
      Joseph Wright, his predecessor in the chair, called him ‘a firstrate Scholar and a kind of man who will easily make friends’ at Oxford (quoted,sic, in E.M. Wright, The Life of Joseph Wright (1932), p. 483).
    • 2010, Paul Booth,Digital Fandom: New Media Studies, Peter Lang,→ISBN, page127:
      Jim’s Interests: General: Working out, hanging out at the local bars, expanding my mind, eating Tuna Sandwhiches...or so I’m told and poker... Television: ... this show that’s on Thuresday nights at 8 :30pm... I can’t place the name of it but it has this crazy interview style thing...[allsic]
    • 2012, Milton J. Bates,The Bark River Chronicles: Stories from a Wisconsin Watershed, Wisconsin Historical Society,→ISBN, page271:
      whole bussiness: Quotedsic in George F. Willison, Saints and Strangers (New York: Reynal and Hitchcock, 1945)
    • 2019 April 12, Paul P. Murphy and Samira Said, “Louisiana arson suspect expressed disgust with Baptist churches on Facebook”, inCNN[2]:
      In the posting, Matthews said he wished that, “more blacks [sic] people would look into ancient beliefs of pre Christian Africa.”
  2. (by extension)Used in the manner ofscare quotes
    • 1979 December 29, Vern Hall-Smith, “Fundamentalists March”, inGay Community News, volume 7, number23, page 5:
      In the past few months, we in Upstate N.Y. have been subjected to fire bombings, firings, verbal and physical harassment, etc. The list goes on and on. These (sic) Christians are calling for a million marchers and may very well get that many.
Usage notes
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Sic is frequently used to indicate that an error or apparent error of spelling, grammar, or logic has been quoted faithfully; for instance, quoting theU.S. Constitution:

The House of Representatives shall chuse [sic] their Speaker ...

Sic is often set off from surrounding text by parentheses or brackets, which sometimes enclose additional notes, as:

  • 1884, James Grant,Cassell’s old and new Edinburgh, page99:
    This I may say of her, to which all that saw her will bear record, that her only countenance moved [sic, meaning that its expression alone was touching], although she had not spoken a word[]

Because it is not an abbreviation, it does not require a following period.

Related terms
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Translations
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thus, thus written

Verb

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sic (third-person singular simple presentsics,present participlesiccing,simple past and past participlesicced)

  1. To mark with a bracketed sic.[1]
    • 1887 May 7,E. Belfort Bax, “On Some Forms of Modern Cant”, inCommonweal[3]:
      The fact is, of course, that the modern reviewer’s taste is not really shocked by half the things hesics or otherwise castigates, but he must find something to say and above all make a slow of purism.

Etymology 2

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Variant ofseek.

Alternative forms

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Verb

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sic (third-person singular simple presentsics,present participlesiccing,simple past and past participlesicced)

  1. (transitive) Toincite anattack by,especially a dog or dogs.
    Hesicced his dog on me!
    • 1992,Bruce Sterling,The Hacker Crackdown[4],→ISBN:
      Phreaks can max-out 911 systems just bysiccing a bunch of computer-modems on them in tandem, dialling them over and over until they clog.
    • 2019, Brian Merchant, “Click Here to Kill: The dark world of online murder markets”, inHarper’s Magazine[5], volume2020, number January:
      I was interviewing the victims of a harebrained scheme tosic contract killers on an innocent woman
  2. (transitive) Toset upon; tochase; toattack.
    Sic ’em, Mitzi.
Usage notes
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  • The sense of “set upon” is most commonly used as an imperative, in a command to an animal.
Translations
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incite an attack bysee alsoset on
to chase; to attack; to set upon

References

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  1. ^“sic, adv. (and n.)”Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition 1989. Oxford University Press.

See also

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  • sic bo(etymologically unrelated)

Anagrams

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Dutch

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Etymology

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FromLatinsīc(thus, so).

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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sic

  1. sic(thus)

Usage notes

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Sic is frequently used to indicate that an error or apparent error of spelling, grammar, or logic has been quoted faithfully. In Flanders, it is also used to quote derogatory terms in a formal context.

‘Ik heb begrepen dat ik “geoordeeld” (sic) zal worden door de geschiedenis, ik veronderstel dat we dat allemaal ooit zullen ondergaan.’- French-speaking journalist Alexandre Penasse is quoted by newspaper De Standaard making a mistake against the Dutch language, as it is clear from the context that he meant “veroordeeld”. 19/02/2022.

French

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatinsīc(thus, so).Doublet ofsi.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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sic

  1. sic(thus)

Usage notes

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Same usage notes as in English apply.

Further reading

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Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Regular apocope ofsīce, from +‎-ce, fromProto-Indo-European*só(this, that) andProto-Indo-European*ḱe-(demonstrative particle). See also components for cognates.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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sīc (notcomparable)

  1. yes,indeed (If answering a question)
  2. thus,so,likethis, inthisway
    • c. 45BCE,Cicero,Tusculan Disputations2.13:
      Ut ager, quamvīs fertilis, sine cultūrā frūctuōsus esse nōn potest,sīc sine doctrīnā animus.
      Just as the field, however fertile, without cultivation cannot be fruitful,likewise the soul without education.
    • 29BCE – 19BCE,Virgil,Aeneid4.660:
      Sīc, sīc iuvat īre sub umbrās.”
      Thus, in this way it pleases me to pass beneath the shadows.”
      (Dido’s final words include the doubly emphatic “sic, sic”; translations vary.Servius the Grammarian, in hisCommentary on the Aeneid of Vergil, understood it as the moment Dido falls upon the sword of Aeneas.)
    1. as stated oras follows,to this effect
    2. (as a correlative tout,quōmodo etc.)
    3. (with restrictive or conditional force, also withut or)
    4. in such a(good or bad) way,like that,so much

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Derived terms

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Related terms

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Latin correlatives(edit)
typedemonstrativerealisirrealisinterrogativeindefinitealternative
proximalmedialdistalanaphoricidentityafirmativeconditionalnegativeindefiniteirrelative / emphaticrelativeirrelativefree choiceuniversalnegative polarity
basichiciste
istic
ille
illic
isipse
īdem
quisquidemsīquisnēquisquam
nēmō
nihil
nūllus
numquisecquis
ecquī
ecquisnam
ecquīnam
quisnam
quīnam
quis
quī
quisquis
quīcumque
quīdam
aliquis,quis
aliquī,quī
quispiam
quīvis
quīlibet
quisquequisquam
ūllus
°aliquisquam
alius
comparativehuiusmodī
huiuscemodī
istī̆usmodīillī̆usmodīeiusmodīeiusdemmodīsīcuiusmodīnēcuiusquammodīnumcuiusmodīcuiusnammodīcuiusmodīcuiusmodīcumquealicuiusmodī
cuiusdammodī
cuiusvīsmodīcuiusquemodīcuiusquammodīalterī̆usmodī
dualneuteruternamuterutercumquealteruterutervīs
uterlibet
uterquealter
placehīcistīcillīcibī̆ibī̆demsīcubīnusquam
nūllibī
ubinamubī̆ubī̆cumque
ubiubī̆
alicubī̆
uspiam
ubivīs
ubilibet
ubīqueusquamalibī
aliās
sourcehincºistim
istinc
ºillim
illinc
ºim
inde
īnsecus
indidemsīcunde°nūllundeundenamºcum
unde
undecumque
undeunde
alicunde°undelibetundique°undiquamaliunde
destinationhūc
hōc
°hōrsum
istūc
istōc
°istōrsum
illūc
illōc
°illōrsum
eōdemquōquidemsīquōnusquam
°nūllōrsum
numquōecquōquōnamquō
quōrsum
quōcumque
quōquō
°quōrsumcumque
aliquō
quōpiam
°aliquōvorsum
quōvīs
quōlibet
quōquequōquamaliō
aliōrsum
means,
way,
path,
place
hācistācillāceādemquāquidemsīquānēquāquam
haudquāquam
numquāecquāquānamquāquācumque
quāquā
aliquāquāvīs
quālibet
quāque°quāquam
ūllā
aliā
distancehāctenus°istātenus
°istāctenus
°illātenus
°illāctenus
eātenusnūllātenus°ecquātenus°quātenusnamquātenus°quātenuscumque
°quāquātenus
aliquātenus
quādantenus
°quātenusvīs
°quātenuslibet
ūllātenusaliātenus
reason°hācpropter
°hōccircā
°istāpropter°illāproptereāpropter
eōcircā
°nullāpropter
°nullōcircā
cūr
quāpropter
quōcircā
quārē
°quāproptercumque°quādampropter°quōquecircā°aliāpropter
mannerhōcmodōistōmodōillōmodōita
sīc
modō
item
itidem
quidemsīquīnihil
nihilō
neutiquam
°neutī̆que
nēquīquam
nē quidem
nūllōmodō
numquīecquīutinamut
prout
quī
quōmodō
quōmodo
quemadmodum
quiter
quārē
utcumque
utut
proutcumque
quōmodocumque
°quemadmodumcumque
quī
quōdammodō
aliquōmodō
quōmodolibetutīque°utiquam
°quīquam
ūllōmodō
aliter
aliōquī
alterō/aliōmodō
timenum
nunc
dum
dunc
dūdum
ōlimtum
tunc
simulquandōquidemsīquandōnumquamnumquandōecquandōquandōnamquandō
cum
quandōcumque
quandōque
cumque
°quandōnē
°quandōquandō
°cumcumque
quondam
aliquandō
quandōlibetquandōqueumquamaliās
quantitytamtamen
tandem
°quamquidemquamquamcumque
quamquam
aliquamquamvīs
quamlibet
quamque
sizetantustantusdemquantusquantuscumque
quantusquantus
aliquantusquantusvīs
quantuslibet
quantusque
qualitytālis°ecquālisquālisnamquālisquāliscumque
quālisquālis
aliquālisquālislibetquālisque
numbertottotidem°quotnam
°quotinam
quotquotquot
quotcumque
aliquotquotlibet
order/fractionaltotusquotus°quotuscumque°aliquotus°quotuslibet°quotusque
°quotusquisque
repetitiontotiēnsnullotiēnsquotiēnsquotiēnscumquealiquotiēnsquotiēnslibetquotiēnsque
°quotiēnsquisque
multiplicationtotuplexquotuplex
proportion°totuplusquotuplus
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat changed
° Rare
‡ Only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative.

Descendants

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References

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  • sic”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879),A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • sic”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891),An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • sic”, inGaffiot, Félix (1934),Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894),Latin Phrase-Book[6], London:Macmillan and Co.
    • that is the way of the world; such is life:sic vita hominum est
    • the facts are these; the matter stands thus:res ita est, ita (sic) se habet
    • convince yourself of this; rest assured on this point:sic habeto
    • convince yourself of this; rest assured on this point:sic volo te tibi persuadere
    • to represent a thing dramatically:sic exponere aliquid, quasi agatur res (non quasi narretur)
    • anger is defined as a passionate desire for revenge:iracundiam sic (ita) definiunt, ut ulciscendi libidinem esse dicant orut u. libido sit oriracundiam sic definiunt, ulc. libidinem
    • I felt quite at home in his house:apud eum sic fui tamquam domi meae (Fam. 13. 69)
  • sic inRamminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)),Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[7], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995),New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press,→ISBN

Old English

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-West Germanic*sīk, fromProto-Germanic*sīką.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sīċ m orn

  1. awatercourse,stream
Descendants
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References
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Etymology 2

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Thespelling of this entry has been normalized according to the principles established by Wiktionary's editor community or recent spelling standards of the language.

FromProto-West Germanic*sik.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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sic

  1. (reflexive pronoun, hapax legomenon)Reflexive pronoun of the third person singular or plural:herself,himself,itself,oneself,themselves
    Sē þe ġebysmreþsig
    He who hath pollutedhimself
Usage notes
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  • It is generally agreed thatNorth Sea Germanic languages, including Anglo-Saxon, lost all trace of the Proto-West Germanic third person reflexive pronoun*sik before the historical period. The citation above, therefore, may represent a sole attestation of the reflexive pronoun, or may otherwise possibly be a misinterpretation of the meaning ofsig.

Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediapl

Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromLatinsīc.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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sic

  1. (literary)sic;used to express surprise at some fact or highlight an error in the quoted text

Usage notes

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Used only in written language, usually with an exclamation mark, in round or square brackets.

Further reading

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  • sic inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • sic in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation:sic

Adverb

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sic (notcomparable)

  1. sic(used to indicate that a quoted word has been transcribed exactly as found in the source text)

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatinsic.

Adverb

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sic

  1. sic

Scots

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishsich, fromOld Englishswelc.

Adjective

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sic (notcomparable)

  1. such
    • 1869,Robert Burns, “The Tree of Liberty”, inPoems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect, volume III (Posthumous Poems), Kilmarnock, Scotland: [] James M‘Kie,→OCLC,page360:
      I'd gie my ſhoon frae aff my feet, / To taſteſic fruit, I ſwear, man. / Syne let us pray, auld England may / Sure plant this far-famed tree, man; / And blythe we'll ſing, and hail the day / That gave us liberty, man.
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)

Pronoun

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sic

  1. such

Serbo-Croatian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From UpperGermanSitz.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sȉc inan (Cyrillic spellingси̏ц)

  1. (dialectal)seat(of a vehicle)
    Synonym:sjȅdalo

Further reading

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  • sic”, inHrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian),2006–2025

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsik/[ˈsik]
  • Rhymes:-ik
  • Syllabification:sic

Adverb

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sic

  1. sic(thus; as written)

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=sic&oldid=88235188"
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