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sharp

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:SharpandSHARP

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishscharp, fromOld Englishsċearp, fromProto-West Germanic*skarp, fromProto-Germanic*skarpaz, fromProto-Indo-European*(s)kerb-, from*(s)ker-(“to cut”).

Cognate withWest Frisianskerp,Low Germanscherp,scharp,schaarp,Dutchscherp,Germanscharf,Danishskarp. CompareIrishcearb(“keen; cutting”),Latinacerbus(“tart, bitter”), Tocharian Bkärpye(“rough”), Latvianskârbs(“sharp, rough”), Russianщерба(ščerba,“notch”), Polishszczerba(“gap, dent, jag, chip, nick, notch”), Albanianharb(“rudeness”). More atshear.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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sharp (comparativesharper,superlativesharpest)

  1. Terminating in a point or edge, especially one that cancut orpierceeasily; notdull,obtuse, orrounded.
    I keep my knivessharp so that they don't slip unexpectedly while carving.
    Ernest made the pencil toosharp and accidentally stabbed himself with it.
    A face withsharp features
    • 1879,R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, inThe Amateur Poacher, London:Smith, Elder, & Co., […],→OCLC:
      Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filedsharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.
    • 1984, Michael Grater,Paper Mask Making,→ISBN, page55:
      If a knife which issharp is incorrectly used it will obviously be dangerous.
    • 2002, Carol Pier,Tainted Harvest,→ISBN:
      Fifteen children reported handling curvos, five machetes, and one asharp knife used to cut yellow leaves off the banana plants.
    • 2006, Werner U. Spitz, Daniel J. Spitz, Russell S. Fisher,Spitz and Fisher's Medicolegal Investigation of Death,→ISBN:
      Yet, review of 25 years of English language literature on the subject ofsharp force injury adds remarkably little to this topic.Sharp force covers a vast array of injuries produced withsharp objects capable of cutting or stabbing or both.
  2. (colloquial)Intelligent.
    My nephew is asharp lad; he can count to 100 in six languages, and he's only five years old.
    • 2015 February 20,Jesse Jackson, “In the Ferguson era, Malcolm X’s courage in fighting racism inspires more than ever”, inThe Guardian (London)‎[1]:
      At school, despite hissharp mind, Malcolm was laughed at by teachers when he said he wanted to be a lawyer.
  3. (music) Raised by one semitone (denoted by the symbol♯ after the name of the note).
  4. (music) Higher in pitch than required.
    The orchestra's third violin several times wassharp about an eighth of a tone.
  6. Having astrongacrid oracidictaste.
    Milly couldn't standsharp cheeses when she was pregnant, because they made her nauseated.
    This grapefruit is especiallysharp.
  7. Sudden,abrupt,intense,rapid.
    A pregnant woman during labor normally experiences a number ofsharp contractions.
    The man turned and made asharp movement towards the door.
  8. (colloquial)Illegal ordishonest.
    Michael had a number ofsharp ventures that he kept off the books.
  9. (colloquial) Keenly or unduly attentive to one's own interests;shrewd, verging on dishonest.
    asharp dealer, asharp customer,sharp practice
    • 1732,Jonathan Swift,Considerations Upon Two Bills:
      But, as they have hitherto stood, a clergyman established in a competent living is not under the necessity of being sosharp, vigilant, and exacting.
  10. Exact,precise,accurate;keen.
    You'll needsharp aim to make that shot.
    • 2013 July-August,Catherine Clabby, “Focus on Everything”, inAmerican Scientist:
      Not long ago, it was difficult to produce photographs of tiny creatures with every part in focus.[…]A photo processing technique called focus stacking has changed that. Developed as a tool to electronically combine thesharpest bits of multiple digital images, focus stacking is a boon to biologists seeking full focus on a micron scale.
  12. Offensive,critical, oracrimonious;stern orharsh.
    sharp criticism
    When the two rivals met, first there weresharp words, and then a fight broke out.
    • 1976 August 14, John Mitzel, Richard Hall, “The Whodunit Writer: Why He Dun It”, inGay Community News, volume 4, number 7, page 7:
      The reviews have ranged from excellent (In Touch, Jan 76, andGay Literature, Winter 76) to qualified praise (GCN, 6 Mar 76) tosharp attack (Allen Young in the currentGay Liberator; Allen calls it trivial and misogynist.
  13. (colloquial)Stylish,smart orattractive.
    You look sosharp in that tuxedo!
    • 2024 July 13, Laura Onita, Eleanor Olcott, “Shein's master of reinvention treads tricky path to IPO”, inFT Weekend, page11:
      Asharp dresser partial to snakeskin shoes whose miniature Australian shepherd dog Saatchi is a constant fixture on family outings, [Donald] Tang's next move was to reinvent himself as a dealmaker connecting China with Hollywood amid growing demand for entertainment content in both countries.
  14. Observant;alert;acute.
    Keep asharp watch on the prisoners. I don't want them to escape!
  15. Quick andalert.
    Jones, the centre forward, made asharp start to the game.
  16. Strongly distinguishing or differentiating;acute.
    asharp contrast, asharp distinction
  17. Forming asmall ortightangle;especially, forming an angle of less than ninetydegrees.
    Drive down Main for three quarters of a mile, then make asharp right turn onto Pine.
    asharp turn or curve
  18. Steep;precipitous;abrupt.
    asharp ascent or descent
  19. (mathematics, of a statement) Said of asextreme a value as possible.
    Sure, any planar graph can be five-colored. But that result is notsharp: in fact, any planar graph can be four-colored.That issharp: the same can't be said for any lower number.
  20. (chess)Tactical;risky.
    • 1963, Max Euwe,Chess Master Vs. Chess Amateur, page xviii:
      Time and time again, the amateur player has lost the opportunity to make the really best move because he felt bound to follow some chess "rule" he had learned, rather than to make thesharp move which was indicated by the position.
    • 1975, Luděk Pachman,Decisive Games in Chess History, page64:
      In such situations most chess players choose the obvious and logical way: they go in forsharp play. However, not everyone is a natural attacking player[…]
  21. Piercing;keen;severe;painful.
    asharp pain; thesharp and frosty winter air
    • c.1591–1595 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act V, scene i]:
      Sharp misery had worn him to the bones.
    • 1785, William Cowper,The Task: The Winter Walk at Noon:
      The night was Winter in his roughest mood; the morningsharp and clear.
    • 1867, John Keble, “St. Peter's Release”, in J.G.Holland, editor,Christ and the Twelve: Scenes and Events in the Life of Our Saviour and His Apostles, page424:
      Insharpest perils faithful proved, Let his soul love thee to the end.
  22. Eager orkeen inpursuit;impatient forgratification.
    asharp appetite
  23. (obsolete)Fierce;ardent;fiery;violent;impetuous.
    • 1667,John Milton,Paradise Lost:
      And fear of God, from whom their piety feign'd Insharp contest of battle found no aid Against invaders
    • 1665,John Dryden,The Indian Emperor: Act III:
      Asharp assault already is begun;
  24. Composed of hard, angulargrains;gritty.
    • 1700, Edward Moxon,Mechanical Exercises:
      Well-burnt good lime andsharp sand, if verysharp, a load of sand (about 36 bushels) to a hundred of lime (being 25 bushels, or a hundred pecks[…]
  25. (phonetics, dated) Uttered in a whisper, or with the breath alone;aspirated;unvoiced.
  26. (obsolete)Hungry.
    • 1782,Frances Burney,Cecilia, II.iii.1:
      “[W]hy this last week we ha'n't had nothing at all but some dry musty red herrings; so you may think, Miss, we're kept prettysharp!”
    • 1881–1882,Robert Louis Stevenson,Treasure Island, London; Paris:Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883,→OCLC:
      “[…] It’s child’s play to find the stuff now. I’ve half a mind to dine first.”
      “I don’t feelsharp,” growled Morgan.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Terms derived fromsharp (adjective)

Translations

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able to cut easily
intelligent
pointed, able to pierce easily
of a note, raised by one semitone
musically higher-pitched than desired
having an intense, acrid flavour
intense and sudden (of pain)
illegal or dishonest
exact, precise, accurate, keen
offensive, critical, or acrimonious
stylish or attractive
observant, alert, acute
forming a small angle
(mathematics) as extreme a value as possible
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adverb

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sharp (comparativesharper,superlativesharpest)

  1. In a sharp manner:a less usual alternative tosharply in certain senses.
    1. To a point or edge.
    2. Piercingly.
      • 1853,Matthew Arnold,Sohrab and Rustum:
        The iron plates rangsharp, but turn'd the spear
    3. Eagerly.
    4. So as to make a sharp, or tight, angle.
      South of the city the river turnssharp to the east.
      sharp left,sharp right
  2. (of times of day, not comparable)Exactly.
    I'll see you at twelve o'clocksharp.
    • 2020 September 1, Tom Lamont, “Open at 9amsharp, Frank had waited until 11.30am for his first visitor of the day – and here I came, not with an empty shopping basket, but a reporter’s notebook.”, inThe Guardian‎[2]:
  3. (music) In a higher pitch than is correct or desirable.
    I didn't enjoy the concert much because the soprano sangsharp on all the high notes.
    • 1867, Dutton Cook,Hobson's Choice, Chapter 8, “Music Hath Charms”, p. 72[3]
      Whereas Matilda Milner frequently sangsharp, in spite of the efforts of Miss Brown, who played the accompaniment, to give her the right note and keep her in tune.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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exactly
in a higher pitch than is correct or desirable

Noun

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sharp (pluralsharps)

  1. (music) The symbol ♯, placed after the name of a note in thekey signature or before a note on thestaff to indicate that the note is to be played one chromaticsemitone higher.
    The pitch pipe sounded out a perfect F♯ (Fsharp).
    Transposition frequently is harder to read because of all thesharps and flats on the staff.
  2. (music) A note that is played one chromaticsemitone higher than usual; denoted by the name of the note that is followed by the symbol ♯.
  3. (music) A note that is sharp in a particular key.
    The piece was difficult to read after it had been transposed, since in the new key many notes weresharps.
  4. (music) The scale having a particular sharp note as itstonic.
    Beethoven's "Moonlight Sonata" is written in C♯ minor (Csharp minor.)
  6. (usually in theplural) Something that is sharp.
    Placesharps in the specially marked red container for safe disposal.
    • c.1700,Jeremy Collier,On Duelling:
      If butchers had but the manners to go tosharps, gentlemen would be contented with a rubber at cuffs.
    1. (medicine) A hypodermic syringe.
    2. (medicine, dated) A scalpel or other edged instrument used in surgery.
    3. (psychiatry, healthcare) A sharp object; any item pointed enough to injure human skin.
  7. Adishonest person; acheater.
    The casino kept in the break room a set of pictures of knownsharps for the bouncers to see.
    This usage is often classified as variant spelling ofshark, and unrelated to the 'pointed' or 'cutting' meanings ofsharp.
  8. Part of astream where the water runs very rapidly.
    • 1858,Charles Kingsley, “Chalk Stream Studies”, inFraser's Magazine:
      here are good fish to be picked out ofsharps and stop-holes into the water-tables
  9. Asewingneedle with a very slender point, more pointed than ablunt or abetween.
  10. (in theplural) Fine particles ofhusk mixed with coarse particle offlour of cereals;middlings.
    • 1954,Barbara Comyns,Who Was Changed And Who Was Dead, Dorothy, published2010, page21:
      While he worked he talked to his ducks, who were waddling about hopefully, as it was almost time for the red bucket to be filled withsharps and potato-peelings.
  11. (slang, dated) Anexpert.
  12. Asharpie(member of Australian gangs of the 1960s and 1970s).
    • 2006, Iain McIntyre,Tomorrow Is Today: Australia in the Psychedelic Era, 1966-1970:
      The Circle was one of the few dances the oldersharps frequented; mostly they were to be found in pubs, pool-halls or at the track.
  13. Alternative form ofsharpie(“type of fishing boat”).

Derived terms

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music
others

Translations

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sign for a sharp note on the staff
note that is sharp in a particular key
sharp object
cheater or dishonest person
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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Verb

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sharp (third-person singular simple presentsharps,present participlesharping,simple past and past participlesharped)

  1. (music) Toraise thepitch of anote half astep making a natural note a sharp.
    That new musician must be tone deaf: hesharped half the notes of the song!
  2. To play tricks in bargaining; to act thesharper.
  3. (transitive, obsolete) Tosharpen.

Translations

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to raise the pitch

See also

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References

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Anagrams

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