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shake

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Shakeandshakë

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishschaken, fromOld Englishsċeacan,sċacan(“to shake”), fromProto-West Germanic*skakan, fromProto-Germanic*skakaną(“to shake, swing, escape”), fromProto-Indo-European*(s)keg-,*(s)kek-(“to jump, move”).

Cognate withScotsschake,schack(“to shake”),West Frisianschaekje(“to shake”),Dutchschaken(“to elope, make clean, shake”),Low Germanschaken(“to move, shift, push, shake”) andschacken(“to shake, shock”),Old Norseskaka(“to shake”),Norwegian Nynorskskaka(“to shake”),Swedishskaka(“to shake”),Danishskage(“to shake”),Dutchschokken(“to shake, shock”),Russianскака́ть(skakátʹ,“to jump”). More atshock.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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shake (third-person singular simple presentshakes,present participleshaking,simple pastshookor(rare)shakedor(slang)shooketh,past participleshakenor(dialectal)shookor(dialectal, nonstandard)shooken)

  1. (transitive, ergative) To cause (something) to move rapidly in opposite directions alternatingly.
    The earthquakeshook the building.
    Heshook the can of soda for thirty seconds before delivering it to me, so that, when I popped it open, soda went everywhere.
    • 1963,Margery Allingham, “Meeting Point”, inThe China Governess: A Mystery, London:Chatto & Windus,→OCLC,page232:
      Meanwhile Nanny Broome was recovering from her initial panic and now seemed anxious to make up for any kudos she might have lost, by exerting her personality to the utmost. She took the policeman's helmet and placed it on a chair, and unfolded his tunic toshake it and fold it up again for him.
  2. (transitive) To move (one's head) from side to side, especially to indicaterefusal,reluctance, ordisapproval.
    Shaking his head, he kept repeating “No, no, no”.
  3. (transitive) To move or remove by agitating; to throw off by a jolting or vibrating motion.
    toshake fruit down from a tree
  5. (transitive) Todisturb emotionally; toshock.
    Synonym:traumatize
    Her father’s deathshook her terribly.
    He wasshaken by what had happened.
    • 2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, inThe Economist, volume408, number8845:
      Since the launch early last year of […] two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have beenshaken to their foundations. University brands built in some cases over centuries have been forced to contemplate the possibility that information technology will rapidly make their existing business model obsolete.
  6. (transitive, idiomatic) Tolose,evade, orget rid of (something).
    I can’tshake the feeling that I forgot something.
  7. (intransitive) To move from side to side.
    Synonyms:shiver,tremble
    Sheshook with grief.
  8. (intransitive, usually as "shake on") Toshake hands.
    OK, let’sshake on it.
  9. (intransitive) Todance.
    She wasshaking it on the dance floor.
  10. (transitive) To give a tremulous tone to; to trill.
    toshake a note in music
  11. (transitive, figurative) To threaten to overthrow.
    The experienceshook my religious belief.
    • 2014 January 20, Didi Kirsten Tatlow, “‘She. Herself. Naked.': The Art ofHe Chengyao”, inThe New York Times‎[1],→ISSN,→OCLC, archived fromthe original on16 August 2023, Sinosphere‎[2]:
      The story of Ms. He and her mother began in the early 1960s, shortly before the Cultural Revolutionshook China.
  12. (intransitive, figurative) To be agitated; to lose firmness.

Derived terms

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Terms derived fromshake (verb)

Translations

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transitive: to cause to move
to move one's head from side to side
transitive: to disturb emotionally
transitive: to lose, evade
intransitive: to move from side to side
intransitive: to shake hands
intransitive: to dance
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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shake (countable anduncountable,pluralshakes)

  1. The act of shaking or being shaken;tremulous or back-and-forth motion.
    The cat gave the mouse ashake.
    She replied in the negative, with ashake of her head.
  2. (usually in theplural) Atwitch, aspasm, atremor.
    • c.1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe],Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published1592,→OCLC; reprinted asTamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press,1973,→ISBN,Act II, scene i:
      And when the princely Perſean Diadem,
      Shall ouerweigh his wearie witleſſe head,
      And fall like mellowed fruit, withſhakes of death,
      In fairePerſea nobleTamburlain
      Shall be my Regent, and remaine as King:
  3. (usually preceded by definite article) A dance popular in the 1960s in which the head, limbs, and body are shaken.
    • 1969, Allen V. Ross,Vice in Bombay, London: Tallis Press, page52:
      The snake did the frug, the monkey did theshake. The crowd, mostly young couples, tourists and kids, loved it.
  4. Amilkshake.
  5. Abeverage made by addingice cream to a (usuallycarbonated) drink; afloat.
  6. Shakecannabis, small, leafy fragments of cannabis that gather at the bottom of a bag of marijuana.
  7. (US, slang, uncountable) Anadulterant added tococaine powder.[1]
    • 1989, Terry Williams, chapter 2, inThe Cocaine Kids‎[3], Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, page35:
      […] most suppliers will allow up to 120 grams ofshake to a kilo, or 12 percent; kilo-level buyers are usually unhappy if they find more.
  8. (building material) A thinshingle.
  9. Acrack orsplit between the growth rings inwood.
  10. Afissure inrock orearth.
  11. A basicwoodenshingle made fromsplitlogs, traditionally used forroofing etc.
  12. (informal) Instant, second. (Especiallyin two shakes.)
  13. (nautical) One of the staves of ahogshead orbarrel taken apart.
    • 1820, William Scoresby,An Account of the Arctic Regions:
      Empty casks are[…]taken to pieces, and the staves closely packed up in a cylindrical form, constituting what are calledshakes or packs
  14. (music) A rapidalternation of a principaltone with another represented on the next degree of thestaff above or below it; atrill.
  15. (music) In singing, notes (usually high ones) sungvibrato.
    • 1831,L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XIV, inRomance and Reality. […], volume III, London:Henry Colburn andRichard Bentley, […],→OCLC,page263:
      A Signora Rossinuola, with the face of a goddess, and the voice of an angel, made her first curtsy that evening to the Neapolitans. She was received with the most rapturous applause. Nothing was heard of next day but hershake and her smile.
  16. Ashook ofstaves andheadings.[2]
  17. (UK, dialect) Theredshank, so called from the nodding of its head while on the ground.
  18. A shock or disturbance.
    • 1864, Elizabeth Gaskell,Cousin Phillis:
      As long as I had seen Mr Holdsworth in the rooms at the little inn at Hensleydale, where I had been accustomed to look upon him as an invalid, I had not been aware of the visibleshake his fever had given to his health.
  19. (historical, nuclear physics) An informal unit of time equal to 10nanoseconds.
    • 2003, Ruth H. Howes, Caroline L. Herzenberg,Their Day in the Sun: Women of the Manhattan Project, page97:
      Most of the fission energy was released in the last few generations, so if the device blew itself apart before about fifty-sevenshakes had elapsed,[…]

Derived terms

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Terms derived fromshake (noun)

Translations

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act of shaking
milkshake
beverage made of ice cream and carbonated drink—seefloat
small, leafy fragments of cannabis
building material: thin shingle
crack or splint in wood
informal: instant, second
music: trill

See also

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  • (crack or split in wood):knot

References

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  1. ^Tom Dalzell (ed.),The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English, New York: Routledge, 2009, p. 858.
  2. ^Edward H[enry] Knight (1877), “Shake”, inKnight’s American Mechanical Dictionary. […], volumes III (REA–ZYM), New York, N.Y.:Hurd and Houghton […],→OCLC.

Anagrams

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Italian

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishshake. First attested in 1966.

Noun

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shake m (uncountable)

  1. shake(act of shaking or being shaken)
  2. (dance) shake(a type of dance)

Japanese

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Romanization

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shake

  1. Rōmaji transcription ofしゃけ
  2. Rōmaji transcription ofシャケ

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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shake

  1. alternative form ofschak

Etymology 2

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Verb

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shake

  1. alternative form ofschaken

Polish

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PolishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediapl
shake

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishshake.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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shake m inan

  1. milkshake,shake(milk and ice cream beverage)
    Synonym:koktajl mleczny

Declension

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Declension ofshake
singularplural
nominativeshakeshaki
genitiveshake'ashake'ów
dativeshake'owishake'om
accusativeshake'ashaki
instrumentalshakiemshake'ami
locativeshake'ushake'ach
vocativeshake'ushaki

Further reading

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  • shake in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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shake m (pluralshakes)

  1. shake(drink)
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