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sgraffito

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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WOTD – 19 April 2016
EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Sgraffito decoration in St. Mary the Virgin's Church,Rattery,Devon, England, in the United Kingdom
A ceramic bottle fromCiudad Real, Spain, with a sgraffito in the form of thetree of life

Etymology

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Borrowed fromItaliansgraffito, froms-(out) +‎graffito (past participle ofgraffire), ultimately fromAncient Greekγράφειν(gráphein,towrite orscratch).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sgraffito (countable anduncountable,pluralsgraffitiorsgraffitoesorsgraffitos)

  1. (art, uncountable) A technique inceramics,art and wall design, where the top layer ofpigment orslip isscratched through to reveal an underlying layer.
    • 1992, Dēmētra Papanikola-Bakirtzē, Eunice Dauterman Maguire, Henry Maguire,Ceramic Art from Byzantine Serres (Illinois Byzantine Studies; III), Urbana and Chicago, Ill.:University of Illinois Press,→ISBN, page17:
      Through color and tone Byzantine potters gave tosgraffito pottery qualities that go beyond the contrasts possible in metalwork. And the history of the colors in their use on Byzantinesgraffito ware again takes us back to Tang China.
    • 2008, Maureen[Elizabeth] Mills,Surface Design for Ceramics, New York, N.Y.:Lark Books,→ISBN, page100:
      Sgraffito is a valuable design technique for working with slips [], but did you know that this technique has other applications? With leather-hard clay you can incise (cut into) the clay surface.[] To make smooth lines in a raw-glazed surface, first cover the area with liquid wax. Then, using any sharp-edged tool, scratch through the wax and into the glaze, pressing deeply enough to reveal the clay body underneath []. When the piece is fired, the wax will burn off and the glaze will pull back from thesgraffito scratches to reveal the underlying clay.
    • 2012, Colum P. Hourihane, editor,The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture, volume I (Aachen to Cecco di Pietro), Oxford:Oxford University Press,→ISBN, page498:
      Sgraffito is not only weather resistant but also requires less artistic skill than alfresco painting. Although scratch work was used in Germany from the 13th century (e.g. Magdeburg Cathedral, cloisters), truesgraffito developed in Italy and spread from there. Decoration of a plastered façade with simulated regular stonework existed in Florence from the late 13th century, two-tone decorations from the 15th century. The earlysgraffito decorations follow on from the medieval practice of using overlay and ornamentation on buildings and reflect the way in which stone is worked.
  2. (art, countable) Aninstance orsample of sgraffito.
    • 1907,[Marc] Aurel Stein,Ancient Khotan: Detailed Report of Archaeological Explorations in Chinese Turkestan Carried out and Described under the Orders of H. M. Indian Government, Oxford:Clarendon Press,→OCLC, page432:
      [I]n the corner room a sitting platform, 3 ft. broad, as well as a large fireplace, were brought to light, while in the hall (E. iii.), open towards the south, the rough plaster surface of the partly well-preserved east wall proved to be covered withsgraffiti both Tibetan and Chinese.
    • 1985, Leonardo Ginori Lisci,The Florentine Palazzi: Their History and Art, volume I, Florence: Giunti Barbera,→OCLC, page53:
      The few surviving examples of earlysgraffiti are thought to be late 14th century and have a mediaeval quality about them. Ugo Procacci points out that the technique of two contrasting colours was seldom used and most of them are pure and simplesgraffiti.
    • 1994, Hilda Kirkwood,Between the Lines, Ottawa:Oberon Press,→ISBN, page71:
      I did murals there as well, designs for windows, bas relief and otherwise,sgraffitoes – a very special technique cut in stucco.
    • 2001, Raúl García i Aranzueque,Barcelona and Gaudí: Examples of Modernist Architecture, Spain: Kliczkowski Publications,→ISBN, page61:
      [Josep] Puig [i Cadafalch] wanted to emphasize the ornamentation of the stone window frames of the facade by contrasting it against the white stuccosgraffitos.
    • 2015, Paul F. State,Historical Dictionary of Brussels, 2nd edition, Lanham, Md.:Rowman & Littlefield,→ISBN, page389:
      SGRAFFITI. Artwork painted on the exterior of private homes,sgraffiti emerged at the end of the 19th century, when city officials encouraged urban beautification by organizing competitions for decorating house fronts. Several techniques developed; the most common one involves applying a light-colored base to the surface, after which portions of the base are scratched away while still wet, leaving the support medium to show through in displaying a drawing.

Translations

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technique where the top layer is scratched through to reveal an underlying layer

Verb

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sgraffito (third-person singular simple presentsgraffitosorsgraffitoes,present participlesgraffitoing,simple past and past participlesgraffitoed)

  1. (art) To produce a design using this technique.
    • 1972,Ceramics Monthly, volume20, Columbus, Oh.: Professional Publications,→OCLC, page31:
      Use a ceramic tool or any pointer tosgraffito the lines in the enamel powder.
    • 1983,Ceramics Monthly, volume31,→OCLC, page 5:
      A West African womansgraffitoes a traditional pattern[]
    • 1998, John A. Burrison, “Talking Jars: Dave and Larger Traditions of Pot-Poetry”, in Jill Beute Koverman, editor,I Made this Jar ... The Life and Works of the Enslaved African-American Potter, Dave,[Columbia, S.C.]: McKissick Museum,University of South Carolina,→ISBN, page65:
      The last gasp of the British inscribed-pottery tradition is represented by the "motto wares" that became a specialty of South Devon potteries such as Aller Vale in the late 1800s. Homey and comical sayings, sometimes poetic or in stereotyped West Country dialect, weresgraffitoed on wares for tourists on holiday in the coastal town of Torquay.
    • 1999, Michael Eden, Victoria Eden,Slipware: Contemporary Approaches, London:A & C Black; Philadelphia, Pa.:University of Pennsylvania Press,→ISBN, page53:
      I paint or pour onto the piece,[] and then use the spaces to play with either trailing, using the slip trailers to flick, or thickly spurt the colours onto the piece,sgraffitoing and painting and using slip trailers in a more restrained fashion to draw with. I think I am guided by intuition or my own response to each piece as I decorate it, rather than by any conscious outside influence.
    • 2008, Denise Wilz, “Pennsylvania Redware”, in Anderson Turner, editor,Electric Firing: Creative Techniques (Ceramic Arts Handbook Series), Westerville, Oh.:American Ceramic Society,→ISBN, pages41–42:
      I use a calligraphy pen with a rounded scratch nib and a stylus for my sgraffito work. Deciding when tosgraffito the piece depends on how wet you like the slip. I prefer a leather-hard surface but some potters prefer tosgraffito right after the slip has been applied and others like tosgraffito when the slip is bone dry.

Translations

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to produce a design using this technique

Derived terms

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References

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Finnish

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Etymology

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FromItaliansgraffito.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsɡrɑfːito/,[ˈs̠ɡrɑ̝fːit̪o̞]
  • Rhymes:-ɑfːito
  • Syllabification(key):sgraf‧fi‧to
  • Hyphenation(key):sgraf‧fi‧to

Noun

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sgraffito

  1. sgraffito

Declension

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Inflection ofsgraffito (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominativesgraffitosgraffitot
genitivesgraffitonsgraffitojen
partitivesgraffitoasgraffitoja
illativesgraffitoonsgraffitoihin
singularplural
nominativesgraffitosgraffitot
accusativenom.sgraffitosgraffitot
gen.sgraffiton
genitivesgraffitonsgraffitojen
partitivesgraffitoasgraffitoja
inessivesgraffitossasgraffitoissa
elativesgraffitostasgraffitoista
illativesgraffitoonsgraffitoihin
adessivesgraffitollasgraffitoilla
ablativesgraffitoltasgraffitoilta
allativesgraffitollesgraffitoille
essivesgraffitonasgraffitoina
translativesgraffitoksisgraffitoiksi
abessivesgraffitottasgraffitoitta
instructivesgraffitoin
comitativeSee the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms ofsgraffito(Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
third-person possessor
singularplural
nominativesgraffitonsasgraffitonsa
accusativenom.sgraffitonsasgraffitonsa
gen.sgraffitonsa
genitivesgraffitonsasgraffitojensa
partitivesgraffitoaan
sgraffitoansa
sgraffitojaan
sgraffitojansa
inessivesgraffitossaan
sgraffitossansa
sgraffitoissaan
sgraffitoissansa
elativesgraffitostaan
sgraffitostansa
sgraffitoistaan
sgraffitoistansa
illativesgraffitoonsasgraffitoihinsa
adessivesgraffitollaan
sgraffitollansa
sgraffitoillaan
sgraffitoillansa
ablativesgraffitoltaan
sgraffitoltansa
sgraffitoiltaan
sgraffitoiltansa
allativesgraffitolleen
sgraffitollensa
sgraffitoilleen
sgraffitoillensa
essivesgraffitonaan
sgraffitonansa
sgraffitoinaan
sgraffitoinansa
translativesgraffitokseen
sgraffitoksensa
sgraffitoikseen
sgraffitoiksensa
abessivesgraffitottaan
sgraffitottansa
sgraffitoittaan
sgraffitoittansa
instructive
comitativesgraffitoineen
sgraffitoinensa

Italian

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Noun

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sgraffito m

  1. sgraffito (A technique in ceramics, art and design)

Anagrams

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Portuguese

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Noun

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sgraffito m (pluralsgraffiti)

  1. alternative form ofesgrafito

Romanian

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Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing fromItaliansgraffito.

Noun

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sgraffito n (uncountable)

  1. sgraffito

Declension

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Declension ofsgraffito
singular onlyindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativesgraffitosgraffitoul
genitive-dativesgraffitosgraffitoului
vocativesgraffitoule
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