Borrowed fromArabicثَمَر(ṯamar).
semer
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | semer | semerler |
| genitive | semerniñ | semerlerniñ |
| dative | semerge | semerlerge |
| accusative | semerni | semerlerni |
| locative | semerde | semerlerde |
| ablative | semerden | semerlerden |
Inherited fromOld Frenchsemer, fromLatinsēmināre.
semer
This verb is conjugated likeparler, except the-e-/ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes-è-/ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa-e-, as in the third-person singular present indicativeil sème and the third-person singular future indicativeil sèmera.
| infinitive | simple | semer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | semant /sə.mɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | semé /sə.me/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | sème /sɛm/ | sèmes /sɛm/ | sème /sɛm/ | semons /sə.mɔ̃/ | semez /sə.me/ | sèment /sɛm/ |
| imperfect | semais /sə.mɛ/ | semais /sə.mɛ/ | semait /sə.mɛ/ | semions /sə.mjɔ̃/ | semiez /sə.mje/ | semaient /sə.mɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | semai /sə.me/ | semas /sə.ma/ | sema /sə.ma/ | semâmes /sə.mam/ | semâtes /sə.mat/ | semèrent /sə.mɛʁ/ | |
| future | sèmerai /sɛm.ʁe/ | sèmeras /sɛm.ʁa/ | sèmera /sɛm.ʁa/ | sèmerons /sɛm.ʁɔ̃/ | sèmerez /sɛm.ʁe/ | sèmeront /sɛm.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | sèmerais /sɛm.ʁɛ/ | sèmerais /sɛm.ʁɛ/ | sèmerait /sɛm.ʁɛ/ | sèmerions /sɛ.mə.ʁjɔ̃/ or/se.mə.ʁjɔ̃/ | sèmeriez /sɛ.mə.ʁje/ or/se.mə.ʁje/ | sèmeraient /sɛm.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | sème /sɛm/ | sèmes /sɛm/ | sème /sɛm/ | semions /sə.mjɔ̃/ | semiez /sə.mje/ | sèment /sɛm/ |
| imperfect2 | semasse /sə.mas/ | semasses /sə.mas/ | semât /sə.ma/ | semassions /sə.ma.sjɔ̃/ | semassiez /sə.ma.sje/ | semassent /sə.mas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | sème /sɛm/ | — | semons /sə.mɔ̃/ | semez /sə.me/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
semer
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in-er. The forms that would normally end in *-ms, *-mt are modified tons,nt. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | semer | avoirsemé | |||||
| gerund | ensemant | gerund ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | semant | ||||||
| past participle | semé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | sem | semes | seme | semons | semez | sement |
| imperfect | semoie,semeie,semoe,semeve | semoies,semeies,semoes,semeves | semoit,semeit,semot,semeve | semiiens,semiens | semiiez,semiez | semoient,semeient,semoent,semevent | |
| preterite | semai | semas | sema | semames | semastes | semerent | |
| future | semerai | semeras | semera | semerons | semeroiz,semereiz,semerez | semeront | |
| conditional | semeroie,semereie | semeroies,semereies | semeroit,semereit | semeriiens,semeriens | semeriiez,semeriez | semeroient,semereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | present tense ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | sem | sens | sent | semons | semez | sement |
| imperfect | semasse | semasses | semast | semissons,semissiens | semissoiz,semissez,semissiez | semassent | |
| compound tenses | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | seme | — | semons | semez | — | ||
Inherited fromOttoman Turkishسمر(semer,“packsaddle”), fromGreekσαμάρι(samári,“packsaddle”), diminutive ofAncient Greekσάγμα(ságma,“packsaddle”).
semer (definite accusativesemeri,pluralsemerler)