Clipping ofEnglishSause witho as a placeholder.
sao
FromProto-Philippine*sahuq(“words, speech”).
sao
sao
sao
FromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*sauq. CompareKapampangansau,Tausugsāw, andMalaysauh.Doublet ofsawo.
saó (Baybayin spellingᜐᜂ)(nautical)
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Attested asſao in theDictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).
Attested inPhật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經) as牢 (MC law) (modernSV:lao), so the older form of the word was*C-raːw (where*C is nonspecific consonant). Even after the sound change*C-r- > /ʂ/ had taken place sometime before 17th century, the use of the phonogram牢 (MC law) continued, so this morpheme was still commonly spelled such in Nôm texts in the 19th-early 20th century.
Most likely a part of ther-series of demonstratives alongsiderày,ri,rứa andru.
1 Originally can only follow a nominal (being used attributively), hencenơi này(“this place; here”),nơi nào(“where”) (no longer completely true in the modern language). 2 Can be used on its own/is itself nominal, henceđây(“here”),đâu(“where”). 3 From earlier*C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant). 4 Placed before the head:bâynhiêu(“this much”),bấynhiêu(“that much”),bao nhiêu(“how much”). 5 Placed after the head:nhanh vầy(“this fast”),nhanh vậy(“that fast/so fast”).
6 Originally, these demonstratives might have been used to assert that something isvisible and/orverifiable. They have been bleached quite thoroughly and currently are usually used like other distal demonstratives. The biggest trace of their evidentiality might be in their usage as final particles, often in reduced formscơ/cờ:[t]ừ đấy về tới Hà Nội, còn những ba cái cầu nữacơ mà! ("From there to Hanoi, there're still three more bridges to cross!") (Ba ngày luân lạc, 1943) and their (pretty much) obligatory use when locating an object:Không phải cái này mà là cáikia. ("Not this one,that one.") | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FromProto-Vietic*k-raːw. Cognate withMuongkhao. Might represent aKra-Dai orAustronesian substratum, compareProto-Tai*t.naːwᴬ(“star”),Proto-Hlai*ɾaːw(“star”) andProto-Austronesian*qajaw(“day”).
Attested asſao in theDictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).
It is asemantic loan fromEnglishstar, in the senses of “celebrity; actor”.
(classifiervì,ngôi) sao• (𣇟,牢,𣋀,𬁖)
(classifierngôi) sao• (𣇟,牢,𣋀,𬁖)
Sino-Vietnamese word from抄.
sao
Sino-Vietnamese word from炒.
sao
sao
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| inclusive | exclusive | |||
| 1st person | tasao | masao | asao | |
| 2nd person | nasao | fasao | ||
| 3rd person | inanimate | isao | dasao | |
| animate | ||||
| imperative | nasao,sao | fasao,sao | ||