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sail

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Sail,SAIL,sáil,sàil,saïl,and-sail

English

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Two sailboats racing,
with the wind filling theirsails
A square-rigged sail
†Dimetrodon loomisi, a synapsid species with asail (spine projection).

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishsaile,sayle,seil,seyl, fromOld Englishseġl, fromProto-West Germanic*segl, fromProto-Germanic*seglą. Cognate withWest Frisianseil,Low GermanSegel,Dutchzeil,GermanSegel,Danishsejl,Swedishsegel.

Noun

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sail (countable anduncountable,pluralsails)

  1. (nautical) A piece offabric attached to aboat and arranged such that it causes the wind to drive the boat along. The sail may be attached to the boat via a combination ofmast,spars and ropes.
  2. (nautical, uncountable) The concept of a sail or sails, as if a substance.
    Take insail: a storm is coming.
  3. (uncountable) The power harnessed by a sail or sails, or the use of this power for travel or transport.
  4. A trip in a boat, especially asailboat.
    Let's go for asail.
  5. (dated, plural "sail") A sailing vessel; a vessel of any kind; a craft.
    Twentysail were in sight.
    • 1945 May and June, Charles E. Lee, “The Penrhyn Railway and its Locomotives—1”, inRailway Magazine, page 142, text published 1848:
      "[…] The quay is upwards of 1,000 feet in length, and capable of accommodating more than 100sail of traders; and there are generally a considerable number of vessels of from 40 to 300 tons burden, from various parts of the world, waiting to receive their cargoes."
  6. (nautical) Theconning tower of asubmarine.
  7. Theblade of awindmill.
  8. A tower-like structure found on the dorsal (topside) surface ofsubmarines.
  9. The floating organ ofsiphonophores, such as thePortuguese man-of-war.
  10. (fishing) Asailfish.
    We caught threesails today.
  11. (paleontology) an outward projection of thespine, occurring in certaindinosaurs andsynapsids
  12. Anything resembling a sail, such as awing.
Hyponyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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a piece of fabric attached to a boat
power harnessed by sails
a trip in a boat
the blade of a windmill
a tower-like structure found on the topside of a submarine
floating organ of siphonophores
sailfish—seesailfish
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishsailen,saylen,seilen,seilien, fromOld Englishseġlan,siġlan(“to sail”), fromProto-West Germanic*siglijan, from*siglijaną. Cognate withWest Frisiansile,Low Germanseilen,Dutchzeilen,Germansegeln,Danishsejle,Swedishsegla,Icelandicsigla.

Verb

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sail (third-person singular simple presentsails,present participlesailing,simple past and past participlesailed)

  2. To be impelled or driven forward by the action of wind upon sails, as a ship on water; to be impelled on a body of water by steam or other power.
  3. To move through or on the water; to swim, as a fish or a waterfowl.
  4. To ride in a boat, especially asailboat.
  5. (intransitive) Toset sail; to begin a voyage.
    Wesail for Australia tomorrow.
  6. To movebriskly andgracefully through the air.
    • c.1591–1595 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act II, scene ii]:
      As is a winged messenger of heaven,[…] / When he bestrides the lazy pacing clouds, / Andsails upon the bosom of the air.
    • 2002 March 20,Kazuki Takahashi,Yu-Gi-Oh! Forbidden Memories (PlayStation video game, North American version),Konami:
      [flavor text of the card "Spirit of the Winds"] A spirit of the wind that freelysails the skies.
    • 2011 April 15, Saj Chowdhury, “Norwich 2 - 1 Nott'm Forest”, inBBC Sport‎[1]:
      A hopeful ball from Forest right-back Brendan Moloney to the left edge of the area was met first by Ruddy but his attempted clearance rebounded off Tyson's leg andsailed in.
  7. (intransitive) To movebriskly butsedately.
    The duchesssailed haughtily out of the room.
  8. (card games, transitive) To deal out (cards) from a distance by impelling them across a surface.
    • 2007, Johnny Hughes,Texas Poker Wisdom, page22:
      He would sit his hat across the room, and we wouldsail cards into it.
Derived terms
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Translations
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to ride in a boat, especially sailboat
to move briskly and gracefully through the air
to move briskly but sedately

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Basque

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromRomance, compareOld Frenchseille.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sail inan

  1. plot(area or land)
    Synonym:alor
  2. scope,field
    Synonyms:arlo,alor
  3. department(subdivision of an organization)

Declension

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Declension ofsail(inanimate, ending in consonant)
indefinitesingularplural
absolutivesailsailasailak
ergativesaileksailaksailek
dativesailisailarisailei
genitivesailensailarensailen
comitativesailekinsailarekinsailekin
causativesailengatiksailarengatiksailengatik
benefactivesailentzatsailarentzatsailentzat
instrumentalsailezsailazsailez
inessivesailetansaileansailetan
locativesailetakosailekosailetako
allativesailetarasailerasailetara
terminativesailetarainosailerainosailetaraino
directivesailetarantzsailerantzsailetarantz
destinativesailetarakosailerakosailetarako
ablativesailetatiksailetiksailetatik
partitivesailik——
prolativesailtzat——

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “sail”, inEuskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque),Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
  • “sail”, inOrotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary],Euskaltzaindia,1987–2005

Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishsail.Doublet ofzeil.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sail n (pluralsails)

  1. (nautical) thefin orsail of asubmarine
    Synonym:toren

Irish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Irishsal, fromProto-Celtic*salā.

Noun

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sail f (genitive singularsaile)

  1. dirt,dross,impurity
    sail mhiotail ―metal dross
  2. stain,defilement
    sail pheaca ―the stain of sin
Declension
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Declension ofsail (second declension, no plural)
Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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Related terms
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Further reading

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Etymology 2

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FromOld Irishsail, fromProto-Celtic*salixs (whence alsoWelshhelyg,Bretonhalegen), seemingly fromProto-Indo-European*sh₂el-ik-s orsl̥h₂-ik-s. Cognate withLatinsalix,Old Englishsealh (Englishsallow), andAncient Greekἑλίκη(helíkē), which all mean "willow", but the forms are hard to unify. The history of the word therefore must involve borrowing, possibly involving pre-Indo-European languages.[1]

Noun

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sail f (genitive singularsaileach,nominative pluralsaileacha)

  1. willow(any of various trees or shrubs in the genusSalix)
Declension
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Declension ofsail (fifth declension)
forms with thedefinite article
singularplural
nominativeantsailnasaileacha
genitivenasaileachnasaileacha
dativeleis antsail
leis antsailigh(archaic, dialectal)
dontsail
dontsailigh(archaic, dialectal)		leis nasaileacha

Variant declension:

Declension ofsail (fifth declension)
bare forms
singularplural
nominativesailsalacha
vocativeashailashalacha
genitivesalachsalacha
dativesail
salaigh(archaic, dialectal)		salacha
forms with thedefinite article
singularplural
nominativeantsailnasalacha
genitivenasalachnasalacha
dativeleis antsail
leis antsalaigh(archaic, dialectal)
dontsail
dontsalaigh(archaic, dialectal)		leis nasalacha
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*salik-”, inEtymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden:Brill,→ISBN

Further reading

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Mutation

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Mutated forms ofsail
radicallenitioneclipsis
sailshail
afteran,tsail		not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Portuguese

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Etymology

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Alteration ofsaim.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sail m (uncountable)

  1. Alternative form ofsaim(“fish oil”)

References

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  1. ^“sail”, inDicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam,2008–2025

Volapük

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Noun

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sail (nominative pluralsails)

  1. (nautical)sail

Declension

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Declension ofsail
singularplural
nominativesailsails
genitivesailasailas
dativesailesailes
accusativesailisailis
vocative1osail!osails!
predicative2sailusailus

1 status as a case is disputed
2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

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Welsh

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Welshseil, fromProto-Brythonic*söl, fromLatinsolea(“sole”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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sail f (pluralseiliau,not mutable)

  1. base,basis,foundation
    Synonyms:bas,sawd,sylfaen

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sail”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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