FromProto-Finnic*saadak. Cognates includeFinnishsaada andEstoniansaada.
saavva
| Conjugation ofsaavva (type 10/käyvvä, no gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | saan | ensaa | 1st singular | oonsaant,oonsaanut | en oosaant,en oosaanut |
| 2nd singular | saat | etsaa | 2nd singular | ootsaant,ootsaanut | et oosaant,et oosaanut |
| 3rd singular | saap | eisaa | 3rd singular | onosaant,onosaanut | ei oosaant,ei oosaanut |
| 1st plural | saamma | emmäsaa | 1st plural | oommasaaneet | emmä oosaaneet |
| 2nd plural | saatta | ettäsaa | 2nd plural | oottasaaneet | että oosaaneet |
| 3rd plural | saavat,saavvaa | evätsaa,eisaavva | 3rd plural | ovatsaaneet | evät oosaaneet,ei oosaatu |
| impersonal | saavvaa | eisaavva | impersonal | onosaatu | ei oosaatu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | sain | ensaant,ensaanut | 1st singular | olinsaant,olinsaanut | en oltsaant,en oltsaanut |
| 2nd singular | sait | etsaant,etsaanut | 2nd singular | olitsaant,olitsaanut | et oltsaant,et oltsaanut |
| 3rd singular | sai | eisaant,eisaanut | 3rd singular | olisaant,olisaanut | ei oltsaant,ei oltsaanut |
| 1st plural | saimma | emmäsaaneet | 1st plural | olimmasaaneet | emmä olleetsaaneet |
| 2nd plural | saitta | ettäsaaneet | 2nd plural | olittasaaneet | että olleetsaaneet |
| 3rd plural | saivat,saatii | evätsaaneet,eisaatu | 3rd plural | olivatsaaneet | evät olleetsaaneet,ei oltsaatu |
| impersonal | saatii | eisaatu | impersonal | olisaatu | ei oltsaatu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | saisin | ensais | 1st singular | olisinsaant,olisinsaanut | en olissaant,en olissaanut |
| 2nd singular | saisit,saist1) | etsais | 2nd singular | olisitsaant,olisitsaanut | et olissaant,et olissaanut |
| 3rd singular | sais | eisais | 3rd singular | olissaant,olissaanut | ei olissaant,ei olissaanut |
| 1st plural | saisimma | emmäsais | 1st plural | olisimmasaaneet | emmä olissaaneet |
| 2nd plural | saisitta | ettäsais | 2nd plural | olisittasaaneet | että olissaaneet |
| 3rd plural | saisiit1),saisivat2),saatais | evätsais,eisaatais | 3rd plural | olisivatsaaneet | evät olissaaneet,ei olissaatu |
| impersonal | saatais | eisaatais | impersonal | olissaatu | ei olissaatu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | saa | eläsaa | 2nd singular | oosaant,oosaanut | elä oosaant,elä oosaanut |
| 3rd singular | saakoo | elköösaako | 3rd singular | olkoosaant,olkoosaanut | elköö olkosaant,elköö olkosaanut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | saakaa | elkääsaako | 2nd plural | olkaasaaneet | elkää olkosaaneet |
| 3rd plural | saakoot | elköötsaako,elköösaatako | 3rd plural | olkootsaaneet | elkööt olkosaaneet,elköö olkosaatu |
| impersonal | saatakoo | elköösaatako | impersonal | olkoosaatu | elköö olkosaatu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | saanen | ensaane | |||
| 2nd singular | saanet | etsaane | |||
| 3rd singular | saanoo | eisaane | |||
| 1st plural | saanemma | emmäsaane | |||
| 2nd plural | saanetta | ettäsaane | |||
| 3rd plural | saanoot | evätsaane,eisaatane | |||
| impersonal | saatanoo | eisaatane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | saavva | present | saava | saatava | |
| 2nd | inessive | saavvees | past | saant,saanut | saatu |
| instructive | saavven | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (saakaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix-k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix-k (-ka?/-kä?) or-kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix-kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | saamaa | |||
| inessive | saamaas | ||||
| elative | saamast | ||||
| abessive | saamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | saamiin | |||
| partitive | saamista,saamist | ||||
saavva