Abbreviation ofscalar ( “ particle with spin 0 ” ) .
s-
( physics ) Subatomic particles with aspin ( quantum angular momentum ) of 0,predicted bysupersymmetry ; thebosonic equivalent of knownfermions .Abbreviation ofsec- ( “ secondary ” ) .
s-
( organic chemistry ) secondary formSynonym: sec- Coordinate terms: ( normal form ) n- ( tertiary form ) t- Abbreviation ofsuper
s-
Super. CompareNavajo sh-
s-
marks a first person singular possessor;my s- + -taʼ ( “ father ” ) → staʼ ( “ my father ” ) marks a first person singular object of a postposition s- + -kʼe ( “ on ” ) → skʼe ( “ on me ” ) Ahtna possessive/prepositional object prefixes singular plural 1st person s- ne- 2nd person n- nhw- 3rd person b- y- ku- hw- Reflexive de- hde- Indefinite cʼe- Areal (postpositional only) ko- Reciprocal nił-
Kari, James (1990 ),Ahtna Athabaskan Dictiionary , Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native Language Center,→ISBN 35 s-
intensifier s-
second person agent pronominal prefixyou Marianne Mithun; Reginald Henry (1982 ),Wadęwayę́stanih - A Cayuga Teaching Grammar , 3rd edition, Woodland Cultural Centre, published2015 , page54 s
s-
aprefix , usually indicating either movement together or movement downwards direction from top down s- + jít sejít Sešel dolů .Hecame down . direction toward the middle s- + jít sejít Sejdeme se zítra .We willgather tomorrow. FromProto-Afroasiatic *s- ( causative prefix ) .
Used to form a causative verb from a non-causative verb. Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofs-
James P[eter] Allen (2010 ),Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs , 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,→ISBN page157 In most cases, this prefix stems fromLatin ex- ex dis- [ 1]
s-
used to form words that have an opposing sense :un- ,in- s- + fatto ( “ done”, “made ” ) → sfatto ( “ ( of a bed ) un made” ) used to form verbs that have a sense of undoing an action :de- ,dis- ,un- s- + gancio ( “ hook ” ) → sganciare ( “ toun hook ” ) s- + borsa ( “ bag ” ) → sborsare ( “ todis burse ” ) used to express apejorative sense s- + bocca ( “ mouth ” ) → sboccato ( “ foul-mouthed ” ) used to form verbs with a sense of exit, separation :dis- ,ex- ,trans- s- + buco ( “ hole ” ) → sbucare ( “ to popout ” ) s- + confine ( “ boundary ” ) → sconfinare ( “ to strayaway from ” ) used in aprivative sense :a- ,de- ,un- s- + buccia ( “ skin”, “peel ” ) → sbucciare ( “ to peel ” ) s- + fame ( “ hunger ” ) → sfamare ( “ to feed”, “to satiate ” ) used to derive verbs from a noun, adjective or verb s- + bianco ( “ white ” ) → sbiancare ( “ to whiten or bleach ” ) s- + gocciola ( “ droplet ” ) → sgocciolare ( “ to drip ” ) used as an intensifier s- + cacciare ( “ to hunt”, “to drive away ” ) → scacciare ( “ to expel”, “to drive away ” ) reduced form of dis- discendere ( “ to descend ” ) →scendere Often used to prefix words beginning with a consonant.Dis- s- ^ Migliorini, Bruno with Aldo Duro (1950 ), “s- ”, inProntuario etimologico della lingua italiana (in Italian), Paravia Inherited fromOld Javanese sa- Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa Proto-Austronesian *əsa
s-
one s-
Added to a verb to form a noun. s- + ʔəɬəd ( “ eat ” ) → sʔəɬəd ( “ food ” ) s-
alternative form ofil- Used after a vowel and before the letters FromProto-North Iroquoian *se Proto-Iroquoian *hsi
se- ( before n-, r-, w-, and ’-stems ) s-
pronominal prefix for you _____FromProto-North Iroquoian *ts Proto-Iroquoian *ts
- Initial consonant Environment t/s/h/k n/r/w/’ a e/en o/on i y Word-Initial s- se- s- s- s- ts- ts-
s-
singulative noun prefixiterative verb prefixGunther Michelson (1973 ),A thousand words of Mohawk , University of Ottawa Press, page 9 Nora Deering; Helga H. Delisle (1976 ),Mohawk: A teaching grammar (preliminary version), Quebec: Manitou College, pages146, 344 s-
alternative form ofsi- ,which marks third person ofsi -perfective verbs This form of the affix is used withł- l- d- Inherited fromLatin ex-
s-
privative or negative affix that attaches to verbs s- (class A infixed pronoun triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others )
her ( object pronoun ) them Old Irish affixed pronouns See
Appendix:Old Irish affixed pronouns for details on how these forms are used.
Note that the so-called “infixed” pronouns are technically prefixes, but they are never the first prefix in a verbal complex.
person infixed suffixed class A class B class C 1sg m- L dom- L ,dam- L -um 2sg t- L dot- L ,dat- L ,dut- L ,dit- L -ut 3sg m a- N ,e- N d- N id- N ,did- N ,d- N -i -it 3sg f s- (N) da- -us 3sg n a- L ,e- L d- L id- L ,did- L ,d- L -i -it 1pl n- don- dun- dan- -unn 2pl b- dob- dub- dab- -uib 3pl s- (N) da- -us
L means this form triggers lenition.N means this form triggers nasalization (eclipsis)(N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others.
s-
alternative form ofz-
Cognate withGuajá Mbyá Guaraní , and Paraguayan Guaraní h-
s-
serves as adummy pronoun in pluriform transitive verbs Coordinate term: i ( with nonpluriform verbs ) a- ( first-person prefix ) + s- + aûsub ( “ to love ” ) → asaûsub ( “ I love it ” ) forms the R2 form of IIa, IIc, IId and IIe class adjectives and verbs s- + oka ( “ house ” ) → soka ( “ their house ” ) forms the absolute form of IIe class adjectives and verbs s- + akã ( “ branch ” ) → sakã ( “ the branch ” ) s-
second person agent pronominal prefixyou Floyd Lounsbury (1953 ),Oneida Verb Morphology , Yale University Press, pages59-60 s-
used before voiceless consonants to form a verb in a perfective aspect from a verb in an imperfective aspect s- + całkować scałkować s- + chłodzić schłodzić used before voiceless consonants to mean "in a downward direction" s- + chodzić schodzić used before voiceless consonants to mean "off, off the surface of", "away from", or "out of" Antonym: na- s- + chodzić schodzić s- in Polish dictionaries at PWNsa- ( before affricates, fricatives and certain consonant clusters ) s- (Cyrillic spelling с-
Prepended to verbs, usually forming a perfective from an imperfective verb. s- + pùstiti spùstiti s- + znȁti sàznati s- + lòmiti slòmiti s- + glȅdati sàgledati s- + kȕpiti skȕpiti s- + klòniti sklòniti s- + náći snȃći “s- ”, inHrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal 2006–2025 
