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s'

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "s"

English

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Etymology 1

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Contraction

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s'

  1. (colloquial)Clitic form ofit's.
    • 1965 October 1,Frank Herbert, “Book One: Dune”, inDune (Dune; 1), Philadelphia, Pa.:Chilton Book Company,→OCLC,page156:
      He touched her shoulder and she lifted herself on her elbows, head tipped up to peer at him, the eyes black-shadowed emptiness. “S’you,” she gasped. “Killed . . . guard []
    • 1983,Paul Wheeler, chapter 2, inBodyline: The Novel, London:Faber and Faber,→ISBN,page29:
      “Who’d yer reckon’ll skipper, Loll?” “I dunno.S’hard to say—”
    • 1993 October, Glenn Alterman, “Men’s Monologues”, in2 Minutes and Under: Original Character Monologues for Actors, Lyme, N.H.: Smith and Kraus,→ISBN,page 1:
      S’cold here, very cold . . . in Siberia.
    • 2007, Christine Fieldhouse, “Is Your Daddy Going to Heaven or Helen?”, inWhy Do Monsters Come Out at Night?, London:Hay House,→ISBN,page274:
      And what was my dad trying to say? Shut up?S’hot in here? Or sorry?
    • 2011, Joan Kilby, chapter 13, inIn His Good Hands, Toronto, Ont.:Harlequin,→ISBN,page231:
      “I’m not drunk,” she said, waving her glass. “I never drink more than two glasses of wine.” She frowned. “Althoughs’hard to count when the glass is never empty. []
    • 2013, Michael Goodell, chapter 13, inRebound, Diana, Tex.: White Bird Publications,→ISBN,page198:
      Then it rang. Pick up. “Jim? Jim? Are you there?” / Something s’posed to do. Oh, yeah. Talk. “Karn.S’you?” / “Jim what’s going on? []
    • 2017 August 8,Robert J[an] Mrazek, chapter 18, inDead Man’s Bridge (A Jake Cantrell Mystery; 1), New York, N.Y.: Crooked Lane Books,→ISBN,page191:
      “Ben,” I called out to him again. His eyes slowly opened and took me in. “S’you, Jake?” he mumbled. “Yeah.”
    • 2017 September 21, Cass Green, chapter 11, inIn a Cottage in a Wood, London:HarperCollinsPublishers,→ISBN,page61:
      ‘Hello?’[] / ‘S’me!’ she says. / ‘Who?’ / Neve pauses, frowning. / ‘S’Neve,’ she says a bit less cheerfully.
Derived terms
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Related terms
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  • 's(is)

Etymology 2

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Interjection

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s'

  1. (colloquial)Clitic form ofso.
    • 1987,Jean Ure, chapter 2, inTea-leaf on the Roof, Oxford, Oxfordshire:Heinemann New Windmills, published1990,→ISBN,page17:
      William chewed and swallowed. “S’what about the Council?” “What about them?” “Aren’t they going to do anything?”
    • 1990 April, Jo Goodman, “February 13, 1873—Washington, D.C.”, inPassion’s Sweet Revenge (Marshall Brothers; 2), New York, N.Y.:Zebra Books,→ISBN,page330:
      S’what about the baby?” he asked, thrusting his chin out. / So he did remember. Scott was beginning to wonder. “A little girl,” he said. He added bluntly, “She lived only a few minutes.”
    • 2008 July,Simon Oliver,John Constantine, Hellblazer: Chas – The Knowledge, New York, N.Y.:DC Comics, published2009,→ISBN, [number 1]:
      THANKS FOR THE OFFER CHAS, BUT EVEN IF YOU COULD GET IN, HAVING A GRANDDAD CHARGING ACROSS THE DANCE FLOOR IN HIS TESCO’S DENIM MAY NOT BE SUCH A GOOD IDEA. /S’WHAT ABOUTJOHN THEN? / IF HE’S WITHME, CHAS, LET’S JUST SAY HE’S STILLGOT IT.

Conjuction

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s'

  1. (colloquial)Clitic form ofso.
    • 1995,Daniel Alexander Jones,Earthbirds, Jazz, and Raven’s Wings (unpublished manuscript), page18; quoted in Omi Osun Joni L. Jones, “The Blue Note: Daniel Alexander Jones”, inTheatrical Jazz: Performance,Àṣẹ, and the power of the Present Moment (Black Performance and Cultural Criticism), Columbus, Oh.:Ohio State University Press,2015,→ISBN, part 1 (The Ensemble /Ẹgbẹ́ / Community),page83:
      Down there you also had a lot of / Intermarriage and half-breeding /S’you don’t know who’s who
    • 1996, Donald Johnston, chapter 11, inThe Echoes of L’Arbre Croche,[Michigan?]: Lord & Allerton,→ISBN, part 3 (Strange Caller),page160:
      [] Ben Corvet give me all money I want or I talk!” “Talk?” “S’you know it! I ain’t goin’ . . . .” He choked and fell back.
    • 1997, Nick Barlay, “Four am Monday”, inCurvy Lovebox, London:20/20,→ISBN,page 9:
      ― Don’t really know ’em no. Not really. Friends of friends. Na mean. / ―S’you don’t know ’em.
    • 2016, Jane Redd, chapter 33, inSolstice,[Lehi, Ut.]: Mirror Press,→ISBN,page257:
      “What type of punishments?” / Her green eyes brightened. “Break you hard . . .s’you don’t get any mighty ideas of moving up to no higher level.”

Etymology 3

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Verb

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s'

  1. (colloquial)Clitic form ofis.
    • 1857, Mrs. C[harles] W[heeler] Denison[i.e.,Mary Andrews Denison], “Jupe Taken to the Coffin-Maker’s House”, inGracie Amber, New York, N.Y.: Sheldon, Blakeman & Co.; Chicago, Ill.: S[amuel] C[hapman] Griggs & Co.,→OCLC, chapter XV (Jupe and the Sailor Boarding-House),page97:
      “Hallo! Jupe—s’this you?” he exclaimed—“shew! crying? shew! what’s e’matter, Jupe?”
    • 1990,John Byrne, “Throwing Up in the Gorbals”, inYour Cheatin’ Heart, London:BBC Books,→ISBN,pages18–19:
      Shirley][]S’that him there?She points at the paper. Tracey] Naw, that’s Dwane . . .
    • 2002, Hugh Collins, chapter 6, inThe Licensee, Edinburgh:Canongate Crime,→ISBN,page72:
      Janis surprises them – ‘Pat?S’that you? []
    • 2005,Allen Wyler, chapter 2, inDeadly Errors, New York, N.Y.:Forge,→ISBN,page30:
      On his side, knees against his chest, Larry Childs struggled to roll onto his stomach when something kicked his leg. A white-hot ember glowed in the back of his mouth above his tongue, stealing his breath. “What the hell . . .” that voice said. “Oh, Blessed Virgin Mary, Larry,s’that you? What’s wrong?”
Related terms
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  • 's(is)

Etymology 4

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Verb

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s'

  1. (colloquial, rare)Clitic form ofsee;used ins'you later.

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Short for(not) (not to be confused withadjectival article andconjunctionse(that (as), when)). This is in turn fromProto-Albanian*tśe, fromProto-Indo-European*kʷíd(that (relative))[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /s/,(before voiced consonants)/z/

Adverb

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s'

  1. negates the meaning of the modified verb:not,don't
    Synonym:nuk
    Unë di. - Unës'di.
    I know. - Idon't know.
    Jam,s'jam. Je,s'je.
    I am, I'mnot. You are, you aren't.

Related terms

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References

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  1. ^Albanische Etymologien (Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz), Bardhyl Demiraj, Leiden Studies in Indo-European 7; Amsterdam - Atlanta 1997. p. 276.

Asturian

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Pronoun

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s'

  1. apocopic form ofse before a vowel

Catalan

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Pronoun

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s’

  1. contraction ofes

Usage notes

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  • s' is the elided (elida) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with avowel.

Declension

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Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subjectweak (direct object)weak (indirect object)possessive
procliticencliticprocliticenclitic
singular1st
person
standardjo,mi3em,m’-me,’mem,m’-me,’mmeu
majestic1nósens-nos,’nsens-nos,’nsnostre
2nd
person
standardtuet,t’-te,’tet,t’-te,’tteu
formal1vósus-vos,-usus-vos,-usvostre
very formal2vostèel,l’-lo,’lli-liseu
3rd
person
mellel,l’-lo,’lli-liseu
fellala,l’4-lali-liseu
nho-holi-liseu
plural
1st personnosaltresens-nos,’nsens-nos,’nsnostre
2nd
person
standardvosaltresus-vos,-usus-vos,-usvostre
formal2vostèsels-los,’lsels-los,’lsseu
3rd
person
mellsels-los,’lsels-los,’lsseu
fellesles-lesels-los,’lsseu
3rd person reflexivesies,s’-se,’ses,s’-se,’sseu
adverbialablative/genitiveen,n’-ne,’n
locativehi-hi

1 Behaves grammatically as plural.  2 Behaves grammatically as third person.
3 Only as object of a preposition.  4 Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

Franco-Provençal

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Conjunction

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s'

  1. apocopic form ofse

Pronoun

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s'

  1. apocopic form of

French

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Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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s’

  1. Elision ofsi(if) beforeil orils.
    S’il vous plaîtPlease / Here you are. (literally, “If it pleases you.”)
    S’il te plaît.Please / Here you are (literally, “If it pleases you.”)
    Je ne sais pass’ils viendront demain.
    I don’t know if they will come tomorrow.

Pronoun

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s’ (third person)

  1. Elision ofse before a word beginning with avowel.
    Ils’habille.He’s dressing (himself).
    Ils’aime.He loves himself.
    Ilss’aiment.
    They love themselves. / They love each other.
  2. (informal)Elision ofse before a word beginning with aconsonant.
    Ys’bouge le cul ou quoi?Is he movin’ his ass or what?

Further reading

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Italian

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Pronoun

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s' (apocopated)

  1. (before a vowel)apocopic form ofsi

Usage notes

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  • Commonly elides before a vowel, especiallyi ande.

See also

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Italian personal pronouns
NumberPersonGenderNominativeReflexiveAccusativeDativeCombinedDisjunctiveLocativePartitive
Singularfirstiomi,m',-mimeme
secondtuti,t',-titete
thirdmluisi2,s',-silo,l',-logli,-gliglie,se2lui,ci,c',
vi,v'(formal)
ne,n'
flei,Lei1la,La1,l',L'1,-la,-La1le3,Le1,-le3,-Le1lei,Lei1,
Pluralfirstnoici,c',-cicenoi
secondvoi,Voi4vi,Vi4,v',V'4,-vi,-Vi4vevoi,Voi4
thirdmloro,Loro1si,s',-sili,Li1,-li,-Li1gli,-gli,loro(formal),
Loro1
glie,seloro,Loro1,ci,c',
vi,v'(formal)
ne,n'
fle,Le1,-le,-Le1
1Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
2Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
3Often replaced bygli,-gli in informal language.
4Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with Frenchvous).

Manx

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Alternative forms

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  • s-(used before a vowel)
  • sh-(used before front vowels)

Etymology

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FromOld Irishis.

Particle

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s'

  1. Present/future copula form
    S'mie lhiam shillishyn.
    I am fond of cherries.
    Shegin dooin goll dy chaggey.
    We have to go to war.
    mysailltplease(said to one person)
  2. Used to introduce the comparative/superlative form of adjectives
    V'ee yn inneens'bwaaee 'sy theihll.
    She was the prettiest girl in the world.
    fers'gilley jeh mooinjey y vadranthe brightest of the sons of the morning

Usage notes

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Only used with adjectives. When nouns are equated with each other, useshe.

Neapolitan

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Pronoun

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s’

  1. (before a vowel)apocopic form ofse

Norman

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Etymology

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Old Frenchse <Latin.

Pronoun

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s'

  1. third-person singular reflexive pronoun;oneself
    s'rêjouito enjoyoneself

Old French

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Pronoun

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s'

  1. his;her;its(elided form ofson orsa before a word starting with a vowel)
    s'oreillehis ear

Romagnol

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Conjunction

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s'

  1. apocopic form ofse(if)
    • 1920,Olindo Guerrini, edited by Zanichelli,Sonetti romagnoli, published1967:
      S'aví pazenzia d' lezer ste librett E ch'a sbrucheva i virs in rumagnol A i truvarí zinquanta e piò sunett Ch'av gudrí ch'a farí dal scapariol.
      If [you] are patient to read this book and you (can) understand the poetry in Romagnol you will find more than fifty sonnets that will entertain you more than tumbling.

Sardinian

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Article

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s' m orf(Logudorese, Campidanese, Nuorese)

  1. apocopic form ofsu,used before a vowel:the(masculine singular definite article)
  2. apocopic form ofsa,used before a vowel:the(feminine singular definite article)

Sassarese

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Pronoun

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s'

  1. apocopic form ofsi,used before a vowel
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