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rod

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "rod"

Translingual

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Etymology

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Clipping ofEnglishRogo withd as a placeholder.

Symbol

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rod

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-3language code forRogo.

See also

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English

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishrodde, fromOld English*rodd or*rodde (attested in dative pluralroddum(rod, pole)), of uncertain origin, but probably fromProto-Germanic*rudd-(stick, club), fromProto-Indo-European*rewdʰ-(to clear land). CompareOld Norserudda(club). For the root, compareEnglishrid. Presumably unrelated toProto-Germanic*rōdō(rod, pole).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rod (pluralrods)

  1. A straight, roundstick,shaft,bar,cane, orstaff.
    The circus strong man proved hisstrength by bending an ironrod, and then straightening it.
    • 2025 May 12, Jeff Edwards, “Rods from God: Unleashing Orbital Kinetic Bombardment as a Theoretical Defense System”, inMira Safety[1]:
      Which makes the concept known as Rods From God the ultimate form of kinetic weaponry. This theoretical weapon would drop telephone pole sizedrods of dense tungsten from a satellite in orbit.
      Picking up speed with each passing second, therod would then penetrate the ground and generate an explosion akin to a small nuclear weapon using nothing but gravity for its propulsion.
  2. A longitudinal pole used for forming part of a framework such as an awning or tent.
  3. (fishing) A long slender usually taperingpole used forangling;fishing rod.
    When I hooked a snake and not a fish, I got so scared I dropped myrod in the water.
  4. A stick, pole, orbundle of switches ortwigs (such as abirch), used for personal defense or to administercorporal punishment by whipping.
  5. An implement resembling and/or supplanting a rod (particularly acane) that is used for corporal punishment, and metonymically calledthe rod, regardless of its actual shape and composition.
    The judge imposed on the thief a sentence of fifteen strokes withthe rod.
  6. A stick used to measure distance, by using its established length or task-specific temporary marks along its length, or by dint of specific graduated marks.
    I notched arod and used it to measure the length of rope to cut.
  7. (archaic) Aunit of length equal to 1 pole, aperch,14 chain, 5+12yards, 16+12feet, or exactly 5.0292meters (these being all equivalent).
    • 1842,Edgar Allan Poe,The Mystery of Marie Rogêt:
      ‘And this thicket, so full of a natural art, was in the immediate vicinity,within a fewrods, of the dwelling of Madame Deluc, whose boys were in the habit of closely examining the shrubberies about them in search of the bark of the sassafras.’
    • 1865,Henry David Thoreau,Cape Cod[2]:
      In one of the villages I saw the next summer a cow tethered by a rope sixrods long [].
    • 1900,Charles W[addell] Chesnutt, chapter I, inThe House Behind the Cedars, Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.:Houghton, Mifflin and Company [],→OCLC:
      A fewrods farther led him past the old black Presbyterian church, with its square tower, embowered in a stately grove; past the Catholic church, with its many crosses, and a painted wooden figure of St. James in a recess beneath the gable; and past the old Jefferson House, once the leading hotel of the town, in front of which political meetings had been held, and political speeches made, and political hard cider drunk, in the days of "Tippecanoe and Tyler too."
    • 1924,Edward A. Ross, “Pocketed Americans”, inWorld Drift, New York; London: The Century Co., published1928,page68:
      the valley is forty to sixtyrods wide
  8. An implement held vertically and viewed through an optical surveying instrument such as atransit, used to measure distance in land surveying and constructionlayout; anengineer's rod,surveyor's rod,surveying rod,leveling rod,ranging rod. The modern(US) engineer's or surveyor's rod commonly is eight or ten feet long and often designed to extend higher. In former times a surveyor's rod often was a single wooden pole or composed of multiple sectioned and socketed pieces, and besides serving as a sighting target was used to measure distance on the ground horizontally, hence for convenience was of one rod or pole in length, that is, 5+12yards.
  9. (archaic) A unit ofarea equal to asquare rod, 30+14square yards or1160acre.
    The house had a small yard of about sixrods in size.
  10. A straightbar that unitesmoving parts of amachine, for holding parts together as aconnecting rod or for transferring power as adriveshaft.
    The engine threw arod, and then went to pieces before our eyes, springs and coils shooting in all directions.
  11. (anatomy) Arod cell: a rod-shapedcell in theeye that is sensitive tolight.
    Therods are more sensitive than the cones, but do not discern color.
  12. (biology) Any of a number of long, slendermicroorganisms.
    He applied a gram positive stain, looking forrods indicative ofListeria.
  13. (chemistry) Astirring rod: aglass rod, typically about 6 inches to 1 foot long and18 to14 inch in diameter that can be used tostirliquids inflasks orbeakers.
  14. (slang) Apistol; agun.
    • 1916 August,The Electrical Experimenter, New York, page249, column 1:
      One of them strode to his side and ran experienced fingers through his clothes. "Norod," he reported, "where's the jewelry?"
  15. (slang, vulgar) Thepenis.
    • 2004, Bruce Jackson,Get Your Ass in the Water and Swim Like Me:
      [I'm gonna][]throw some vaseline right in the crack a your ass, then I'm gonna shove myrod in your open hole and try to pacify your ornery soul.
  16. (slang) Ahot rod, an automobile or other passenger motor vehicle modified to run faster and often with exterior cosmetic alterations, especially one based originally on a pre-1940s model or (currently) denoting any older vehicle thus modified.
  17. (ufology) A rod-shaped object that appears in photographs or videos traveling at high speed, not seen by the person recording the event, often associated with extraterrestrial entities.
    Synonym:skyfish
    • 2000, Jack Barranger, Paul Tice,Mysteries Explored: The Search for Human Origins, Ufos, and Religious Beginnings, Book Three, p.37:
      These cylindricalrods fly through the air at incredible speeds and can only be picked up by high-speed cameras.
    • 2009, Barry Conrad,An Unknown Encounter: A True Account of the San Pedro Haunting, Dorrance Publishing, pages129–130:
      During one such broadcast in 1997, the esteemed radio host bellowed, “I got a fax earlier today from MUFON (Mutual UFO Network) in Arizona and they said what you think arerods are actually insects!”
    • 2010, Deena West Budd,The Weiser Field Guide to Cryptozoology: Werewolves, Dragons, Skyfish, Lizard Men, and Other Fascinating Creatures Real and Mysterious, Weiser Books, page15:
      He tells of a home video showing arod flying into the open mouth of a girl singing at a wedding.
  18. (mathematics) ACuisenaire rod.
  19. (rail transport) Acoupling rod or connecting rod, which links the driving wheels of asteam locomotive, and some diesel shunters and early electric locomotives.
    • 1960 December, Cecil J. Allen, “Operating a mountain main line: the Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon: Part One”, inTrains Illustrated, page743:
      In the early days troubles were experienced with oscillation from therod drive and with the transformers, but were overcome later, and these machines performed useful service until superseded by more modern locomotives less costly in maintenance.
  20. (plumbing) Adrain rod, being a set of segmented rods with interlocking connectors designed to remain attached even under rotation in use.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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straight round stick, shaft, or barsee alsopole
A longitudinal pole forming part of a framework such as an awning or tent.
fishing rod or pole
stick or bundle used for punishment
stick to measure length
unit of length
archaic: unit of area
connector, part of a machine
part of the retina of the eyesee alsorod cell
microbiology: rod shaped microorganism
stirring rod
slang: pistolseepistol
slang: penis
hot rodseehot rod
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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References

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  1. ^Lightning conductor or rod in OSM

Further reading

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Verb

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rod (third-person singular simple presentrods,present participlerodding,simple past and past participlerodded)

  1. (construction) Toreinforceconcrete withmetal rods.
  2. (transitive) To furnish with rods, especiallylightning rods.
  3. (slang, vulgar, transitive) Topenetratesexually.
    • 1968, David Lynn,Bull nuts:
      On impulse he moved around to the opposite side of the couple, in the direction which Grace's broad buttocks were pointed, for a full view of the big boned woman's back side. Now Grace wouldn't mind one iota if herodded her from the rear.
  4. (slang) Tohot rod.
    • 2007, Dana Stabenow,A Deeper Sleep,→ISBN, page45:
      There were three clear sets, more than what you might expect at Heartbreak Point, given all the juviesrodding in and out of there with their girlfriends.

Anagrams

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Breton

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Etymology

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    FromProto-Brythonic*rrod, fromProto-Celtic*rotos, fromProto-Indo-European*Hróth₂os.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    rod f (pluralrodoù)

    1. wheel

    References

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    • Cornillet, Gérard (2017), “rod”, inGeriadur galleg brezhoneg, dictionnaire français breton[3] (in French), page1115

    Czech

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    CzechWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediacs

    Etymology

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    Inherited fromOld Czechrod, fromProto-Slavic*rȏdъ. Bysurface analysis,deverbal fromrodit.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    rod inan

    1. family,stock,lineage
    2. (botany)genus
    3. (grammar)gender
    4. (grammar)voice

    Declension

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    Declension ofrod (hard masculine inanimate)
    singularplural
    nominativerodrody
    genitiverodurodů
    dativerodurodům
    accusativerodrody
    vocativeroderody
    locativerodu,roděrodech
    instrumentalrodemrody

    Derived terms

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    Further reading

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    Danish

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    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): [ˈʁoˀð],[ˈʁoðˀ]

    Etymology 1

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    FromOld Norserót, fromProto-Germanic*wrōts, fromProto-Indo-European*wréh₂ds.Englishroot is borrowed from Old Norse.

    Noun

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    rod c (singular definiteroden,plural indefiniterødder)

    1. root
    2. yob
    3. (mathematics)root,zero (elementx{\displaystyle x} in the domain of a function such thatf(x)=0{\displaystyle f(x)=0})
    Inflection
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    Declension ofrod
    common
    gender
    singularplural
    indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
    nominativerodrodenrødderrødderne
    genitiverodsrodensrøddersrøddernes
    Synonyms
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    Related terms
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    Etymology 2

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    From the verbrode.

    Noun

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    rod n (singular definiterodet,not used in plural form)

    1. disorder,mess,muddle

    Etymology 3

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    See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

    Verb

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    rod

    1. imperative ofrode

    East Franconian

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    Alternative forms

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    Adjective

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    rod

    1. red

    Hunsrik

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    Alternative forms

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    • root(Wiesemann spelling system)

    Etymology

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    FromMiddle High Germanrōt(red, red-haired), fromOld High Germanrōt(red, scarlet, purple-red, brown-red, yellow-red), fromProto-West Germanic*raud, fromProto-Germanic*raudaz, fromProto-Indo-European*h₁rowdʰós, from*h₁rewdʰ-.

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    rod (comparativeroder,superlativerodest)

    1. red
      Die Blumme sinrod.
      The flowers arered.
      Die Tomatte sin aarichrod.
      The tomatoes are veryred.
      Sie hod enrode Naas.
      She has ared nose.

    Declension

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    Declension ofrod (see alsoAppendix:Hunsrik adjectives)
    singularplural
    masculinefeminineneuter
    weak inflectionnominativerodrodrodrode
    accusativeroderodrodrode
    dativeroderoderoderode
    strong inflectionnominativeroderroderodesrode
    accusativeroderoderodesrode
    dativerodemroderrodemrode

    Derived terms

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    See also

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    Colors in Hunsrik ·Forrve(layout ·text)
        Weis    Grau    Schwarz
                Rod            Ranschegelleb;Braun            Gelleb,Geel
                Grien (Hellgrien), (Neongrien)            Grien (Dunkelgrien)            Menz
                Meergrien            Blau (Hellblau)            Blau (Dunkelblau)
                Feilche            Rosch,Lila            Roserod

    Further reading

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    • Boll, Piter Kehoma (2021), “rod”, inDicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português, 3rd edition (overall work in Portuguese), Ivoti:Riograndenser Hunsrickisch

    Latvian

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    Verb

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    rod

    1. third-personsingular/pluralpresentindicative ofrast
    2. (with the particlelai)third-personsingularimperative ofrast
    3. (with the particlelai)third-personpluralimperative ofrast

    Lower Sorbian

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    Etymology

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    FromProto-Slavic*rodъ(root), fromProto-Balto-Slavic*radas, fromProto-Indo-European*wréh₂ds(root).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    rod inan

    1. sex(gender (male or female))
    2. lineage,family
    3. (grammar)gender

    Declension

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    Declension ofrod
    SingularDualPlural
    Nominativerodrodarody
    Genitiverodarodowurodow
    Dativerodojurodomarodam
    Accusativerodrodarody
    Instrumentalrodomrodomarodami
    Locativeroźerodomarodach

    Further reading

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    • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “rod”, inSłownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague:ОРЯС РАН,ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag,2008
    • Starosta, Manfred (1999), “rod”, inDolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

    Low German

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    FromOld Saxonrōd, fromProto-West Germanic*raud, fromProto-Germanic*raudaz, fromProto-Indo-European*h₁rowdʰós <*h₁rewdʰ-. CompareDutchrood,Germanrot,West Frisianread,Englishred,Danishrød.

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    rod(German Low German)

    1. (in several dialects)red

    Middle English

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    Noun

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    rod

    1. alternative form ofrode

    Norwegian Nynorsk

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    Etymology 1

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    FromOld Norseroð.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /roː/
    • Hyphenation:ròd

    Noun

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    rod n (definite singularrodet,indefinite pluralrod,definite pluralroda)

    1. fishskin
      Synonym:fiskeskinn

    Etymology 2

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    FromOld Norsehróðr, fromProto-Germanic*hrōþiz.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ruː/
    • Hyphenation:ród

    Noun

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    rod m (definite singularroden,indefinite pluralrodar,definite pluralrodane)

    1. praise,fame,honour(only used in given names)
    Related terms
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    Male given names:

    Female given names:

    References

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    Eivind Vågslid (1988),Norderlendske fyrenamn (in Norwegian Nynorsk),→ISBN,page291

    Old English

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    Etymology

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    FromProto-Germanic*rōdō. Cognate withOld Frisianrōd,Old Saxonrōda,Dutchroede(rod),Old High Germanruota (GermanRute),Old Norseróða(rod, cross) (Danishrode(gauge, rod)).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    rōd f

    1. cross(method of execution)
      1. (Christianity) Thecross on whichChrist wascrucified
        1. (metonymical)Christlikesuffering ortribulation
          • c.1200AD, “Sermon XV”, inThe Lambeth Homilies, page113 (f. 55r), lines24–25/27:
            he munegeð uſ an oðerrode to berene...fleiſeſ lenſing.
            He [God] exhorts us to bear anothercross...leanness of flesh.
    2. a measure of land length, equal to aperch
    3. a measure of land area, equal to a quarter of anacre

    Usage notes

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    • An archaic locative singular form,ᚱᚩᛞᛁ, appears on theRuthwell Cross inscription.

    Declension

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    Strongō-stem:

    singularplural
    nominativerōdrōda,rōde
    accusativerōderōda,rōde
    genitiverōderōda
    dativerōderōdum

    Related terms

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    Descendants

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    Old Saxon

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    Etymology

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    FromProto-West Germanic*raud, fromProto-Germanic*raudaz, whence alsoOld Englishrēad,Old Frisianrād,Old High Germanrōt,Old Norserauðr,Gothic𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃(rauþs). Ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*h₁rowdʰós <*h₁rewdʰ-.

    Adjective

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    rōd (comparativerōdoro,superlativerōdost)

    1. red

    Declension

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    Declension ofrod
    Strong declension
    singularplural
    masculineneuterfemininemasculineneuterfeminine
    nominativerōdrōdrōdrōderōdurōde
    accusativerōdanarōdrōdarōderōdurōde
    genitiverōdesrōdesrōdarorōdarōrōdarōrōdarō
    dativerōdumurōdumurōdarorōdumrōdumrōdum
    Weak declension
    singularplural
    masculineneuterfeminine
    nominativerōdorōdarōdarōdu
    accusativerōdunrōdarōdunrōdun
    genitiverōdunrōdunrōdunrōdonō
    dativerōdunrōdunrōdunrōdum
    Comparative forms ofrod (weak only)
    singularplural
    masculineneuterfeminine
    nominativerōdororōdorarōdorarōdoru
    accusativerōdorunrōdorarōdorunrōdorun
    genitiverōdorunrōdorunrōdorunrōdoronō
    dativerōdorunrōdorunrōdorunrōdorum
    Superlative forms ofrod
    Strong declension
    singularplural
    masculineneuterfemininemasculineneuterfeminine
    nominativerōdostrōdostrōdostrōdosterōdosterōdostu
    accusativerōdostanarōdostrōdostarōdosterōdosterōdostu
    genitiverōdostesrōdostesrōdostarorōdostarōrōdostarōrōdostarō
    dativerōdostumurōdostumurōdostarorōdostumrōdostumrōdostum
    Weak declension
    singularplural
    masculineneuterfeminine
    nominativerōdostorōdostarōdostarōdostu
    accusativerōdostunrōdostarōdostunrōdostun
    genitiverōdostunrōdostunrōdostunrōdostonō
    dativerōdostunrōdostunrōdostunrōdostum

    Descendants

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    Polish

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    PolishWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediapl

    Etymology

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    Learned borrowing fromLatinrhodium.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    Chemical element
    Rh
    Previous:ruten (Ru)
    Next:pallad (Pd)

    rod inan

    1. rhodium(chemical element, Rh, atomic number 45)

    Declension

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    Declension ofrod
    singular
    nominativerod
    genitiverodu
    dativerodowi
    accusativerod
    instrumentalrodem
    locativerodzie
    vocativerodzie

    Further reading

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    • rod inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
    • rod in Polish dictionaries at PWN

    Romanian

    [edit]

    Etymology 1

    [edit]

    Borrowed fromOld Church Slavonicродъ(rodŭ), fromProto-Slavic*rodъ.

    Noun

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    rod n (pluralroade)

    1. fruit
    2. (figuratively)fruit(advantageous result)
    Declension
    [edit]
    singularplural
    indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
    nominative-accusativerodrodulroaderoadele
    genitive-dativerodroduluiroaderoadelor
    vocativeroduleroadelor
    Synonyms
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    Etymology 2

    [edit]

    Verb

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    rod

    1. inflection ofroade:
      1. first-personsingularpresentindicative/subjunctive
      2. third-personpluralpresentindicative

    Serbo-Croatian

    [edit]
    Serbo-CroatianWikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipediash

    Etymology

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    Inherited fromProto-Slavic*rodъ, fromProto-Balto-Slavic*radás.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    rȏd inan (Cyrillic spellingро̑д)

    1. gender
    2. (botany)genus
    3. relative,relation
    4. fruit,crop,extraction(rarely used in these senses)
    5. family,stock,lineage, kin, race
      • 1872, “Bože pravde”, Jovan Đorđević (lyrics), Davorin Jenko (music):
        Bože spasi, Bože hrani / Srpskog kralja, srpskirod!
        God, our hope: Protect and cherish / The Serbian king and Serbianrace!

    Declension

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    Declension ofrod
    singularplural
    nominativerȏdròdovi
    genitiverȍdarodova
    dativerodurodovima
    accusativerodrodove
    vocativeroderodovi
    locativerodurodovima
    instrumentalrodomrodovima

    Derived terms

    [edit]

    References

    [edit]
    • rod”, inHrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian),2006–2026

    Veps

    [edit]

    Etymology 1

    [edit]

    FromProto-Finnic*rootu.

    Noun

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    rod

    1. fishbone
    Declension
    [edit]
    Inflection ofrod (inflection type 1/ilo)
    nominative sing.rod
    genitive sing.rodun
    partitive sing.rodud
    partitive plur.roduid
    singularplural
    nominativerodrodud
    accusativerodunrodud
    genitiverodunroduiden
    partitiverodudroduid
    essive-instructiverodunroduin
    translativeroduksroduikš
    inessiverodusroduiš
    elativeroduspäiroduišpäi
    illativeroduhuroduihe
    adessiverodulroduil
    ablativerodulpäiroduilpäi
    allativeroduleroduile
    abessiverodutaroduita
    comitativerodunkeroduidenke
    prolativerodudmeroduidme
    approximative Irodunnoroduidenno
    approximative IIrodunnoksroduidennoks
    egressiverodunnopäiroduidennopäi
    terminative Iroduhusairoduihesai
    terminative IIrodulesairoduilesai
    terminative IIIrodussai
    additive Iroduhupäiroduihepäi
    additive IIrodulepäiroduilepäi

    Etymology 2

    [edit]

    Borrowed fromOld Church Slavonicродъ(rodŭ) (compareFinnishrotu with the same etymology).

    Noun

    [edit]

    rod

    1. kind,race,breed
    Declension
    [edit]
    Inflection ofrod (inflection type 1/ilo)
    nominative sing.rod
    genitive sing.rodun
    partitive sing.rodud
    partitive plur.roduid
    singularplural
    nominativerodrodud
    accusativerodunrodud
    genitiverodunroduiden
    partitiverodudroduid
    essive-instructiverodunroduin
    translativeroduksroduikš
    inessiverodusroduiš
    elativeroduspäiroduišpäi
    illativeroduhuroduihe
    adessiverodulroduil
    ablativerodulpäiroduilpäi
    allativeroduleroduile
    abessiverodutaroduita
    comitativerodunkeroduidenke
    prolativerodudmeroduidme
    approximative Irodunnoroduidenno
    approximative IIrodunnoksroduidennoks
    egressiverodunnopäiroduidennopäi
    terminative Iroduhusairoduihesai
    terminative IIrodulesairoduilesai
    terminative IIIrodussai
    additive Iroduhupäiroduihepäi
    additive IIrodulepäiroduilepäi

    Welsh

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    rod

    1. soft mutation ofrhod

    Mutation

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    Mutated forms ofrhod
    radicalsoftnasalaspirate
    rhodrodunchangedunchanged

    Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
    All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=rod&oldid=89560650"
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