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rast

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Rast,RAST,raşt,andrásť

Albanian

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Noun

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rast m (pluralraste, definiterasti, definite pluralrastet)

  1. chance
    Synonyms:shans,mundësi,fat
  2. occasion

Declension

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Declension ofrast
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativerastrastirasterastet
accusativerastin
dativerastirastitrasteverasteve
ablativerastesh

German

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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rast

  1. inflection ofrasen:
    1. second/third-personsingularpresent
    2. second-personpluralpresent
    3. pluralimperative

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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rast

  1. singularimperative ofrasten
  2. (colloquial)first-personsingularpresent ofrasten

Latvian

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Etymology

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This word is the reflex of two differentProto-Indo-European forms:*wer-d-,*wr-ed-(to bend, to sway) and*werdʰ-,*wr-edʰ-,*h₃erdʰ-(to grow; high), both from the stem*wer-(to bend, to turn).[1] Both forms yieldedProto-Baltic*red-,*rad-, from which*rad-ti >*rasti >rast.

The present tense form was derived with an extran:*randuo >*ruodu >rodu;cf. dialectal variantsronu,romu. From the meaning “to bend, to sway” came “to raise, to obtain (by bending down to get it)” > “to obtain, to get, to find.” From the meaning “to grow” came not only the meanings of theLithuanian reflexive form, but also those ofLatvian related forms likeraža(harvest),rasma(fecundity),radīt(to create),radi(relatives) and the 18th-century adjectiverastīgs(fertile, successful). This semantic diversity also explains the divergent meanings of the derived prefixed verbs (atrast(to find; to lose a habit, a skill),ierastparast,pierast(to get used to), etc.).

Cognates includeLithuanianràsti(to find, to obain by searching; to notice; to determine, to establish; to happen, to be), reflexiveràstis(to grow quickly, strongly; to give birth; to rise, to get up; to become; to happen; to come, to arrive; to get somewhere); from*werd-(to bend, to sway), alsoGothic𐍅𐍂𐌰𐍄𐍉(wratō,to go, to travel),Icelandicrata(to travel, to find one's way),Middle High Germanrazzeln(to turn); from*werdʰ(to grow),Old Church Slavonicрасти(rasti,to grow),Russianрасти́(rastí),Polishróść,Sanskritवर्धति(várdhati),वृधति(vr̥dháti,to grow, to increase),Ancient Greekὀρθός(orthós,straight, upright) (and perhaps also, from a possible variant form*Herdʰ,*Hredʰ-,Latinarduus(lofty, high),arbor(tree)).[2]

Pronunciation

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This entry needs anaudio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, pleaserecord this word. The recorded pronunciationwill appear here when it's ready.

Verb

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rast (transitive,1stconjugation,presentrodu,rodi,rod,pastradu)

  1. tofind(tocause bysearching that something (desirable,necessary) bepresent,in use, or in one'spossession)
    rast jaunu dzimtenitofind a new homeland
    nerast nekur mieruto notfind peace anywhere
    rast kopīgu valodutofind a common language (= to communicate)
    mīļa, mīļa tēva sēta, kur mīļaku vieturast!dear, dear father's (= home) ranch, whereto find a favorite place!
  2. tofind(todiscover viaresearch)
    institūta laboratorijāsrastas jaunas sveķu izmantošanas iespējasin the laboratories of the institute new possibilities of use for resin (were)found
  3. tofind(tochoose, e.g., therightword, in one'sthoughts)
    kā lai vārdusrod?how does onefind the (right) words?
  4. tofind, toreceive(e.g.,help,understanding, fromothers)
    kurrast atbalstu? draugos?whereto find support? with (lit. in) friends?
    viņšrod ierosmi dabāhefinds inspiration in nature
    viņa gribēturast apstiprinājumushe would like tofind approval
  5. tofind, tostart(e.g., astate, asituation, arelationship)
    rast draudzībutofind friendship
    komponista sirsnība un vienkāršība palīdzējarast ciešu kontaktu ar publikuthe composer's sincerity and simplicity helped himfind,achieve chose contact with the audience
  6. tofind(tobe such that acertainmentalstate iscaused)
    rast spēkus, mierinājumu, priekutofind strength, comfort, joy
    rast prieku darbātofind joy in work
    cik sevi vēros, vairāk sāpesraduthe more I observe myself, the more Ifind pain
  7. (in thepastactiveparticipleformradis)accustomed,used to
    viņš nebijaradis daudz domāt, tāpēc jutās nogurishe wasn'tused to thinking a lot, so he felt tired
    meitene pie grūta darba navradusithe girl wasn'tused to hard work
  8. (rare, in thepastpassiveparticipleformrasts)usual,well-known
    uz ciemu īstenībā ved ne viens vien ceļš, bet tā irrasts un iegājies, ka tos citus vairs neizmantoin fact more than one road leads to the village, but it iswell known tradition that the others are no longer used

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofrast
indicative(īstenībasizteiksme)imperative
(pavēlesizteiksme)
present
(tagadne)
past
(pagātne)
future
(nākotne)
1st personsgesroduraduradīšu
2nd personsgturodiradiradīsirodi
3rd personsgviņš,viņarodradaradīslairod
1st personplmēsrodamradāmradīsimradīsim
2nd personpljūsrodatradātradīsiet,
radīsit
rodiet
3rd personplviņi,viņasrodradaradīslairod
renarrative(atstāstījumaizteiksme)participles(divdabji)
presentrodotpresent active 1(adj.)rodošs
pastesotradispresent active 2(adv.)razdams
futureradīšotpresent active 3(adv.)rodot
imperativelairodotpresent active 4(obj.)rodam
conditional(vēlējumaizteiksme)past activeradis
presentrastupresent passiverodams
pastbūturadispast passiverasts
debitive(vajadzībasizteiksme)nominal forms
indicative(būt)jārodinfinitive(nenoteiksme)rast
conjunctive 1esotjārodnegative infinitivenerast
conjunctive 2jārodotverbal nounrašana

Derived terms

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prefixed verbs:
other derived terms:

Related terms

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References

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  1. ^There is some doubt about the correctness of thisProto-Indo-European form. TheLexikon der Indogermanischen Verben (ref.?) proposes*redh-(to appear, to arise) as the source for this verb.
  2. ^Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “rast”, inLatviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS,→ISBN

Northern Kurdish

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Etymology

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FromProto-Iranian*Hraštáh, fromProto-Indo-Iranian*Hraštás, fromProto-Indo-European*h₃reǵtós(having moved in a straight line), from*h₃reǵ-(to straighten, direct). Cognate withEnglishright.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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rast

  1. straight
  2. right,correct
  3. right (dexter, opposite of left)
  4. true,right
  5. erect
  6. direct

Norwegian Bokmål

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Verb

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rast

  1. pastparticiple ofrase

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromOld Church Slavonicрастъ(rastŭ).

Noun

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rast n (uncountable)

  1. spleeninflammation

Declension

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Declension ofrast
singular onlyindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativerastrastul
genitive-dativerastrastului
vocativerastule

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*orstъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rȃst m (Cyrillic spellingра̑ст)

  1. (uncountable)growth
  2. (uncountable)height

Declension

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Declension ofrast
singular
nominativerast
genitiverasta
dativerastu
accusativerast
vocativeraste
locativerastu
instrumentalrastom

Related terms

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References

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  • rast”, inHrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian),2006–2025

Slovene

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*orstъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rȃst f

  1. growth

Declension

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Thediacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Feminine, i-stem, long mixed accent
nominativerást
genitiverastí
singular
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)
rást
genitive
(rodȋlnik)
rastí
dative
(dajȃlnik)
rásti
accusative
(tožȋlnik)
rást
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)
rásti
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)
rastjó

Related terms

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Further reading

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  • rast”, inSlovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene),2014–2025

Swedish

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Etymology

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FromOld Norserǫst, fromProto-Germanic*rastō,*rastijō(rest), fromProto-Indo-European*ros-,*res-,*erH-(rest).

Noun

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rast c

  1. (countable or uncountable) abreak (rest or pause, usually from work)
    Nu tar virast
    Let's take abreak
  2. (countable or uncountable)recess,break,breaktime (between classes in school)
    Hur lång ärrasten?
    How long isrecess?

Declension

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Declension ofrast
nominativegenitive
singularindefiniterastrasts
definiterastenrastens
pluralindefiniterasterrasters
definiterasternarasternas

Related terms

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See also

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  • lov (longer break, like summer break)

References

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Anagrams

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Tat

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Etymology

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Cognate withPersianراست(rāst).

Adjective

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rast

  1. right (dexter)

Turkish

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Etymology

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Inherited fromOttoman Turkishراست(rast), fromClassical Persianراست(rāst), fromMiddle Persianrāst, fromOld Persian𐎼𐎠𐎿𐎫(rāsta), fromProto-Iranian*Hraštáh, fromProto-Indo-Iranian*Hraštás, fromProto-Indo-European*h₃reǵtós(having moved in a straight line), from*h₃reǵ-(to straighten, direct).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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rast(dated)

  1. true,correct,right
    Synonyms:doğru,düzgün

Declension

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Predicative forms ofrast
present tense
positive declarativepositive interrogative
ben(I am)rastımrast mıyım?
sen(you are)rastsınrast mısın?
o(he/she/it is)rast / rasttırrast mı?
biz(we are)rastızrast mıyız?
siz(you are)rastsınızrast mısınız?
onlar(they are)rast(lar)rast(lar) mı?
past tense
positive declarativepositive interrogative
ben(I was)rasttımrast mıydım?
sen(you were)rasttınrast mıydın?
o(he/she/it was)rasttırast mıydı?
biz(we were)rasttıkrast mıydık?
siz(you were)rasttınızrast mıydınız?
onlar(they were)rasttılarrast mıydılar?
indirect past
positive declarativepositive interrogative
ben(I was)rastmışımrast mıymışım?
sen(you were)rastmışsınrast mıymışsın?
o(he/she/it was)rastmışrast mıymış?
biz(we were)rastmışızrast mıymışız?
siz(you were)rastmışsınızrast mıymışsınız?
onlar(they were)rastmışlarrast mıymışlar?
conditional
positive declarativepositive interrogative
ben(if I)rastsamrast mıysam?
sen(if you)rastsanrast mıysan?
o(if he/she/it)rastsarast mıysa?
biz(if we)rastsakrast mıysak?
siz(if you)rastsanızrast mıysanız?
onlar(if they)rastsalarrast mıysalar?

For negative forms, use the appropriate form ofdeğil.

Noun

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rast (definite accusativerastı,pluralrastlar)

  1. (dated)coincidence
    Synonyms:rastlantı,tesadüf
  2. (dated) the act of hitting atarget
  3. (music)rast (a kind ofmaqam)

Declension

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Declension ofrast
singularplural
nominativerastrastlar
definite accusativerastırastları
dativerastarastlara
locativerasttarastlarda
ablativerasttanrastlardan
genitiverastınrastların
Possessive forms
nominative
singularplural
1st singularrastımrastlarım
2nd singularrastınrastların
3rd singularrastırastları
1st pluralrastımızrastlarımız
2nd pluralrastınızrastlarınız
3rd pluralrastlarırastları
definite accusative
singularplural
1st singularrastımırastlarımı
2nd singularrastınırastlarını
3rd singularrastınırastlarını
1st pluralrastımızırastlarımızı
2nd pluralrastınızırastlarınızı
3rd pluralrastlarınırastlarını
dative
singularplural
1st singularrastımarastlarıma
2nd singularrastınarastlarına
3rd singularrastınarastlarına
1st pluralrastımızarastlarımıza
2nd pluralrastınızarastlarınıza
3rd pluralrastlarınarastlarına
locative
singularplural
1st singularrastımdarastlarımda
2nd singularrastındarastlarında
3rd singularrastındarastlarında
1st pluralrastımızdarastlarımızda
2nd pluralrastınızdarastlarınızda
3rd pluralrastlarındarastlarında
ablative
singularplural
1st singularrastımdanrastlarımdan
2nd singularrastındanrastlarından
3rd singularrastındanrastlarından
1st pluralrastımızdanrastlarımızdan
2nd pluralrastınızdanrastlarınızdan
3rd pluralrastlarındanrastlarından
genitive
singularplural
1st singularrastımınrastlarımın
2nd singularrastınınrastlarının
3rd singularrastınınrastlarının
1st pluralrastımızınrastlarımızın
2nd pluralrastınızınrastlarınızın
3rd pluralrastlarınınrastlarının

Derived terms

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Further reading

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