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rank

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Rank,ránk,andränk

Translingual

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Symbol

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rank

  1. (mathematics) The symbol forrank.

English

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishrank(“strong, proud”), fromOld Englishranc(“proud, haughty, arrogant, insolent, forward, overbearing, showy, ostentatious, splendid, bold, valiant, noble, brave, strong, full-grown, mature”), fromProto-West Germanic*rank, fromProto-Germanic*rankaz(“straight”), fromProto-Indo-European*h₃reǵ-(“straight, direct”). Cognate withDutchrank(“slender, slim”),Low Germanrank(“slender, projecting, lank”),Danishrank(“straight, erect, slender”),Swedishrank(“slender, shaky, wonky”),Icelandicrakkur(“straight, slender, bold, valiant”).

Adjective

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rank (comparativerankerormorerank,superlativerankestormostrank)

  1. (obsolete)Strong;powerful; capable of acting or being used with great effect;energetic;vigorous;headstrong.
    1. Strong in growth; growing with vigour or rapidity, hence, coarse or gross.
      rank grass
      rank weeds
      1. Causing strong growth; producing luxuriantly;rich andfertile.
        rank land
        • 1707,J[ohn] Mortimer,The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […],→OCLC:
          fow Sprat or Fullum Barley, which is the best forrank Land, because it doth not run ſo much to Straw
      2. Suffering fromovergrowth orhypertrophy;plethoric.
        • 1899 February,Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, inBlackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […],→OCLC, part I:
          The moon had spread over everything a thin layer of silver—over therank grass, over the mud, upon the wall of matted vegetation standing higher than the wall of a temple[…]
    2. Strong to the senses;offensive;noisome.
      1. Having a very strong and badtaste orodor.
        Synonyms:stinky,smelly,(UK)pongy
        Your gym clothes arerank, bro – when'd you last wash 'em?
      2. (informal)Gross,disgusting,foul.
    3. (horse racing) Headstrong; difficult to control.
      • 1949,The New Yorker (volume 25, part 3, page 46)
        If Safford happens to be driving a "rank" horse, one that insists on getting away fast, he goes along with the rest, […]
  2. (intensifier, negative)complete,unmitigated,utter.
    Synonyms:thorough,virulent
    rank treason
    rank nonsense
    I am arank amateur as a wordsmith.
    • 2018 June 18,Phil McNulty, “Tunisia 1 – 2England”, inBBC Sport‎[1], archived fromthe original on21 April 2019:
      England's domination of the first half was almost total, but they somehow contrived to allow Tunisia to raise themselves off the floor by virtue ofrank carelessness from[Gareth] Southgate's side.
    • 2011 March 1, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Man Utd”, inBBC:
      Chelsea remainrank outsiders to retain their crown and they still lie 12 points adrift of United, but Ancelotti will regard this as a performance that supports his insistence that they can still have a say when the major prizes are handed out this season.
  3. (obsolete)lustful;lascivious
Derived terms
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Translations
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strong in growth
having a very strong and bad odor
highly offensive; disgusting

Adverb

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rank (comparativemorerank,superlativemostrank)

  1. (obsolete)Quickly,eagerly,impetuously.

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishrank(“line, row”), fromOld Frenchranc,rang,reng(“line, row, rank”) (ModernFrenchrang), fromFrankish*hring(“ring”), fromProto-Germanic*hringaz(“something bent or curved”).

Akin toOld High German(h)ring,Old Frisianhring,Old Englishhring, hrincg(“ring”),Old Norsehringr(“ring, circle, queue, sword; ship”).Doublet ofring andrink.

Noun

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rank (countable anduncountable,pluralranks)

  2. Arow of people or things organized in agrid pattern, oftensoldiers.
    Antonym:file
    The frontrank kneeled to reload while the secondrank fired over their heads.
    • 1684, Richard Elton,The compleat body of the Art Military […] ‎[2], 2nd edition, page196:
      The Musketeers being on both flancks, firſt firing let theRanck ſtand, and fire everyRanck, paſſing through before his leader[…]
    • 1907 January,Harold Bindloss, chapter 7, inThe Dust of Conflict, 1st Canadian edition, Toronto, Ont.: McLeod & Allen,→OCLC:
      Then there was no more cover, for they straggled out, not inranks but clusters, from among orange trees and tall, flowering shrubs[…].
  4. (chess) One of the eight horizontal lines of squares on a chessboard (i.e., those identified by a number).
    Antonym:file
  5. (card games) The value of a playing card.
    Theranks are 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, Jack, Queen, King, and Ace.
  6. (music) In apipe organ, a set of pipes of a certain quality for which each pipe corresponds to onekey orpedal.
  7. One's position in a list sorted by a shared property such as physicallocation,population,popularity, orquality.
    Based on your test scores, you have arank of 23.
    The fancy hotel was of the firstrank.
  9. The level of one's position in a class-based society.
  10. (typically in the plural) Acategory of people, such as those who share an occupation or belong to an organisation.
    a membership drawn from theranks of wealthy European businessmen
    • 2017 September 23, “From north Wales to Norfolk, distraught beekeepers ask: who’s stealing our hives?”, inThe Observer‎[3]:
      Earlier this month police in Norfolk were called after five hives thought to contain around 60,000 bees and £600 worth of honey were taken. [...] Suspicions among beekeepers that the culprits come from their ownranks were underlined by the fact that a bee smoker was left at the scene by someone who presumably knew that it could be used to calm the insects before taking them.
  12. A hierarchical level in anorganization such as themilitary.
    Private First Class (PFC) is the second-lowestrank in the Marines.
    He rose up through theranks of the company, from mailroom clerk to CEO.
  13. (taxonomy) A level in a scientific taxonomy system.
    Phylum is the taxonomicrank below kingdom and above class.
  14. (mathematics) Thedimensionality of anarray(computing) ortensor.
  16. (linear algebra) The maximal number of linearly independent columns (or rows) of amatrix.
  17. (algebra) The maximum quantity ofD-linearly independent elements of amodule (over anintegral domainD).
  18. (mathematics) The size of anybasis of a givenmatroid.
Derived terms
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Translations
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row of people or things organized in a grid pattern
set of pipes in an organ
position based on a shared property
level of one's position in a class-based society
hierarchical level in an organization
level in a taxonomy system
maximal number of linearly independent columns (or rows) of a matrix
dimensionality of an array or tensor
chess: one of the horizontal lines of squares
in plural: category of people, such as those who share an occupation
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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rank (third-person singular simple presentranks,present participleranking,simple past and past participleranked)

  1. (transitive) To placeabreast or in aline.
    • 1613, Thomas Heywood,The Brazen Age, […], London: […] Nicholas Okes, […],→OCLC, Act II,signature [C4], verso:
      She[Diana] hath ſent (to plague vs) a huge ſauadge Boare, / Of an vn-meaſured height and magnitude. /[…] / His briſtles poynted like a range of pikes /Ranck't on his backe: his foame ſnovves vvhere he feeds / His tuskes are like the Indian Oliphants.
  2. (intransitive) To have aranking.
    Their defenseranked third in the league.
  3. (transitive) Toassign a suitable place in aclass ororder; toclassify.
    • 1725, Isaac Watts,Logick: Or, The Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry after Truth, […], 2nd edition, London: […] John Clark and Richard Hett, […], Emanuel Matthews, […], and Richard Ford, […], published1726,→OCLC:
      Ranking all things under general and special heads.
    • 1725–1726,Homer, “(please specify the book or chapter of theOdyssey)”, in [William Broome,Elijah Fenton,Alexander Pope], transl.,The Odyssey of Homer. […], London: […] Bernard Lintot,→OCLC:
      Poets wereranked in the class of philosophers.
    • 1667, attributed toRichard Allestree,The Causes of the Decay of Christian Piety. […], London: […] R. Norton for T. Garthwait, […],→OCLC:
      Heresy [is]ranked with idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, murders, and other sins of the flesh.
    • 1960 December, Cecil J. Allen, “Operating a mountain main line: the Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon: Part One”, inTrains Illustrated, page743:
      From time to time the coaches of the Lötschberg Railway itself, which in comfort anddécor canrank with the finest in Europe today, travel far from the frontiers of Switzerland on through workings such as these.
  4. (transitive, US) To take the rank of; tooutrank.
Derived terms
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Translations
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to place abreast or in a line
to have a ranking
to assign a suitable place in a class or order

References

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Anagrams

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Dutchranc, fromOld Dutch*ranc, fromProto-West Germanic*rank, fromProto-Germanic*rankaz.[1]

Adjective

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rank (comparativeranker,superlativerankst)

  1. slender,svelte
Declension
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Declension ofrank
uninflectedrank
inflectedranke
comparativeranker
positivecomparativesuperlative
predicative/adverbialrankrankerhetrankst
hetrankste
indefinitem./f. sing.rankerankererankste
n. sing.rankrankerrankste
pluralrankerankererankste
definiterankerankererankste
partitiveranksrankers—
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Dutchranc,ranke, fromOld Dutch*ranca, fromProto-West Germanic[Term?], probably ultimately related toProto-Germanic*hrinkwaną(“to curl, bend”).[2] Cognate withOld High Germanhranca (GermanRanke).

Noun

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rank f (pluralranken,diminutiverankje n)

  1. tendril, a thinwinding stem
  2. name of variousvines
  3. an object or ornamental pattern resembling a stem
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^J. de Vries & F. de Tollenaere, "Etymologisch Woordenboek", Uitgeverij Het Spectrum, Utrecht, 1986 (14de druk)
  2. ^van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “rank1”, inEtymologiebank, Meertens Institute

References

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Anagrams

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German

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromMiddle Low Germanrank,ranc, fromOld Saxon*rank, fromProto-West Germanic*rank.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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rank (strong nominative masculine singularranker,comparativeranker,superlativeamranksten)

  1. (poetic, dated, except in the phraserankundschlank)lithe,lissome

Declension

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Positive forms ofrank
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuter
predicativeeristranksieistrankesistranksiesindrank
strong declension
(without article)		nominativerankerrankerankesranke
genitiverankenrankerrankenranker
dativerankemrankerrankemranken
accusativerankenrankerankesranke
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativederrankedierankedasrankedieranken
genitivedesrankenderrankendesrankenderranken
dativedemrankenderrankendemrankendenranken
accusativedenrankendierankedasrankedieranken
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeeinrankereinerankeeinrankes(keine)ranken
genitiveeinesrankeneinerrankeneinesranken(keiner)ranken
dativeeinemrankeneinerrankeneinemranken(keinen)ranken
accusativeeinenrankeneinerankeeinrankes(keine)ranken
Comparative forms ofrank
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuter
predicativeeristrankersieistrankeresistrankersiesindranker
strong declension
(without article)		nominativerankererrankererankeresrankere
genitiverankerenrankererrankerenrankerer
dativerankeremrankererrankeremrankeren
accusativerankerenrankererankeresrankere
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativederrankeredierankeredasrankeredierankeren
genitivedesrankerenderrankerendesrankerenderrankeren
dativedemrankerenderrankerendemrankerendenrankeren
accusativedenrankerendierankeredasrankeredierankeren
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeeinrankerereinerankereeinrankeres(keine)rankeren
genitiveeinesrankereneinerrankereneinesrankeren(keiner)rankeren
dativeeinemrankereneinerrankereneinemrankeren(keinen)rankeren
accusativeeinenrankereneinerankereeinrankeres(keine)rankeren
Superlative forms ofrank
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuter
predicativeeristamrankstensieistamrankstenesistamrankstensiesindamranksten
strong declension
(without article)		nominativeranksterranksterankstesrankste
genitiverankstenranksterrankstenrankster
dativerankstemranksterrankstemranksten
accusativerankstenranksterankstesrankste
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativederrankstedierankstedasrankstedieranksten
genitivedesrankstenderrankstendesrankstenderranksten
dativedemrankstenderrankstendemrankstendenranksten
accusativedenrankstendierankstedasrankstedieranksten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeeinrankstereineranksteeinrankstes(keine)ranksten
genitiveeinesranksteneinerranksteneinesranksten(keiner)ranksten
dativeeinemranksteneinerranksteneinemranksten(keinen)ranksten
accusativeeinenranksteneineranksteeinrankstes(keine)ranksten

Related terms

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Verb

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rank

  1. singularimperative ofranken

Further reading

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  • “rank” inDuden online
  • “rank” inDigitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
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