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radical

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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PIE word
*wréh₂ds

Inherited fromMiddle Englishradical, fromLatinrādīcālis(of or pertaining to the root, having roots, radical).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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radical (comparativemoreradical,superlativemostradical)

  1. Favoringfundamental change, or change at the root cause of a matter.
    His beliefs areradical.
  2. (botany, not comparable) Pertaining to aroot(of a plant).
  3. Pertaining to thebasic orintrinsic nature of something.
    Synonym:fundamental
    Antonyms:ignorable,trivial
  4. Thoroughgoing;far-reaching.
    The spread of the cancer requiredradical surgery, and the entire organ was removed.
    • 2012 January, Donald Worster, “A Drier and Hotter Future”, inAmerican Scientist[1], volume100, number 1, archived fromthe original on26 January 2012, page70:
      Phoenix and Lubbock are both caught in severe drought, and it is going to get much worse. We may see many such [dust] storms in the decades ahead, along with species extinctions,radical disturbance of ecosystems, and intensified social conflict over land and water. Welcome to the Anthropocene, the epoch when humans have become a major geological and climatic force.
  5. (lexicography, not comparable) Of or pertaining to the root of a word.
  6. (phonology, phonetics, not comparable, of a sound) Produced using theroot of the tongue.
    Coordinate terms:coronal,dorsal,labial,laryngeal
  7. (chemistry, not comparable) Involvingfree radicals.
  8. (mathematics) Relating to aradix or mathematical root.
    aradical quantity; aradical sign
  9. (slang, 1980s & 1990s)Excellent;awesome.
    That was aradical jump!
    Synonym:rad

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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pertaining to the root (of a plant)
pertaining to the basic or intrinsic nature of something
thoroughgoing
favouring fundamental change
linguistics: pertaining to the root of a word
chemistry: involving free radicals
mathematics: involving roots
slang: excellent

Noun

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radical (pluralradicals)

  1. (historical, 19th-century Britain, politics) A member of the most progressive wing of the Liberal Party; someone favouring social reform (but generally stopping short of socialism).
  2. (historical, early 20th-century France) A member of an influential, centrist political party favouring moderate social reform, a republican constitution, and secular politics.
  3. A person with radical opinions.
  4. (arithmetic) Aroot (of a number or quantity).
  5. (linguistics) Inlogographic writing systems such as the Chinese writing system, the portion of a character (if any) that provides an indication of its meaning, as opposed tophonetic.
    • 2022,R. F. Kuang,Babel, HarperVoyager, page 9:
      The boy recognised the Chinese characters, though the calligraphy looked a bit strange, as if drawn by someone who had seen them and copied them outradical byradical without knowing what they meant.
  6. (linguistics) InCeltic languages, the basic, underlying form of an initial consonant which can be furthermutated under the Celtic initial consonant mutations.
  7. (linguistics) InSemitic languages, any one of the set of consonants (typically three) that make up aroot.
  8. (chemistry) A group ofatoms, joined bycovalent bonds, that take part inreactions as a singleunit.
  9. (organic chemistry) Afree radical.
  10. (algebra, commutative algebra, ring theory, of anideal) Given anidealI in acommutativeringR, another ideal, denoted Rad(I) orI{\displaystyle {\sqrt {I}}}, such that an elementxR is in Rad(I) if, for somepositiveintegern,xnI;equivalently, theintersection of allprime ideals containingI.
  11. (algebra, ring theory, of aring) Given aringR, anideal containing elements ofR that share a property considered, in some sense, "not good".
  12. (algebra, ring theory, of amodule) Theintersection of maximalsubmodules of a givenmodule.
  13. (number theory) The product of the distinctprime factors of a given positive integer.

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Translations

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person with radical opinions
historical: 19th-century England
historical: early 20th-century France
arithmetic: root (of a number or quantity)
linguistics: portion of a character that provides an indication of its meaning
linguistics: any one of the set of consonants that make up a root
chemistry: group of atoms that take part in reactions as a single unit
organic chemistry: free radical
ring theory: intersection of prime ideals containing a given ideal
ring theory: ideal of elements of a ring sharing a certain given property
  • Bulgarian:please add this translation if you can
  • Italian:radicale (it) m
ring theory: intersection of maximal submodules of a module
  • Bulgarian:please add this translation if you can
  • Italian:radicale (it) m
number theory: product of the distinct prime factors of a given positive integer
  • Bulgarian:please add this translation if you can
  • Italian:radicale (it) m
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

References

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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radical m orf (masculine and feminine pluralradicals)

  1. radical

Derived terms

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Noun

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radical m orfby sense (pluralradicals)

  1. radical

Further reading

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French

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing fromLate Latinrādīcālis.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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radical (feminineradicale,masculine pluralradicaux,feminine pluralradicales)

  1. radical
    L'idéologie islamisteradicale de Boko Haram a provoqué le déplacement de plus de deux millions de personnes dans le nord du Nigeria.
    Theradical Islamist ideology of Boko Haram caused more than two million persons to be displaced in northern Nigeria.

Derived terms

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Noun

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radical m (pluralradicaux)

  1. (linguistics, grammar)radical,root

Related terms

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Further reading

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Galician

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /radiˈkal/[ra.ð̞iˈkɑɫ]
  • Rhymes:-al
  • Hyphenation:ra‧di‧cal

Noun

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radical m (pluralradicais)

  1. radical(in various senses)

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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  • (Portugal)IPA(key): /ʁɐ.diˈkal/[ʁɐ.ðiˈkaɫ]
    • (Southern Portugal)IPA(key): /ʁɐ.diˈka.li/[ʁɐ.ðiˈka.li]

  • Rhymes:(Portugal)-al,(Brazil)-aw
  • Hyphenation:ra‧di‧cal

Noun

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radical m (pluralradicais)

  1. (linguisticmorphology)stem(main part of a word)
  2. (linguistics)radicial(portion of a character)

Noun

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radical m orfby sense (pluralradicais)

  1. radical(person holding unorthodox views)
    Synonym:extremista

Adjective

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radical m orf (pluralradicais)

  1. radical(favouring fundamental change)
  2. drastic;extreme
  3. (slang)excellent;awesome;thrilling
  4. (sports)extreme(dangerous)

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Romanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromFrenchradical orGermanRadikal.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ra.diˈkal/
  • Rhymes:-al
  • Hyphenation:ra‧di‧cal

Adjective

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radical m orn (feminine singularradicală,masculine pluralradicali,feminine and neuter pluralradicale)

  1. radical

Declension

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Declension ofradical
singularplural
masculineneuterfemininemasculineneuterfeminine
nominative-
accusative
indefiniteradicalradicalăradicaliradicale
definiteradicalulradicalaradicaliiradicalele
genitive-
dative
indefiniteradicalradicaleradicaliradicale
definiteradicaluluiradicaleiradicalilorradicalelor

Related terms

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Spanish

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromLatinrādīcālis.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /radiˈkal/[ra.ð̞iˈkal]
  • Rhymes:-al
  • Syllabification:ra‧di‧cal

Adjective

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radical m orf (masculine and feminine pluralradicales)

  1. radical,seismic

Derived terms

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Noun

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radical m (pluralradicales)

  1. radical

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=radical&oldid=87542648"
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