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pitch

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishpicche,piche,pich, fromOld Englishpiċ, fromProto-West Germanic*pik, fromLatinpix. Cognate withAncient Greekπίσσα(píssa,“pitch, tar”),Latinpīnus(“pine”). More atpine. Cognate withSaterland FrisianPik(“pitch, tar”),Dutchpek(“pitch, tar”),German Low GermanPick(“pitch, tar”),GermanPech(“pitch, tar”),Catalanpega(“pitch”),Spanishpegar(“to stick, glue”),Franco-Provençalpouatche(“sap from a pine”) andFrenchpoix(“sap”). The adjective is probably back-formed frompitch-black, reinterpreting "pitch" as meaning "intense(ly)".

Noun

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pitch (countable anduncountable,pluralpitches)

  1. Asticky,gummy substance secreted by trees;sap.
    It is hard to get thispitch off my hand.
  2. Adark, extremelyviscous material still remaining afterdistillingcrude oil andtar.
    They putpitch on the mast to protect it.
    The barrel was sealed withpitch.
    It waspitch black because there was no moon.
  3. (geology)Pitchstone.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Translations
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sticky, gummy substance secreted by trees
dark, extremely viscous material made by distilling tar
pitchstone—seepitchstone
See also
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Verb

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pitch (third-person singular simple presentpitches,present participlepitching,simple past and past participlepitched)

  1. To cover or smear with pitch.
  2. Todarken; toblacken; toobscure.
    • 1704 (published), year written unknown,John Dryden,On the Death of Amyntas
      Soon he found / The welkinpitch'd with sullen clouds.

Adjective

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pitch (comparativepitcher,superlativepitchest)

  1. Very darkblack;pitch-black.
  2. (of a black color) Intense, deep, dark.
    • 2008 July 15, Edward Morgan Forster, Christopher Isherwood,Letters Between Forster and Isherwood on Homosexuality and Literature, Palgrave MacMillan:
      Then I got back here - difficulty again: no trolly-bus, and and blackpitcher than black - and have since been conning the Beveridge Report.
    • 2013 February 26, Dale E. Basye,Snivel: The Fifth Circle of Heck, Yearling,→ISBN, page162:
      If you lose even once, that's it: The screen goes, like, thepitchest black ever, and you're [out].
    • 2016 August 30, Mandy Arioto,Starry-Eyed: Seeing Grace in the Unfolding Constellation of Life and Motherhood, Zondervan,→ISBN, page19:
      For some of us postpartum depression is thepitchest black we have ever known. From the dark womb we welcome new life, and our own new life, a life we haven't known, unfolds […]
    • For more quotations using this term, seeCitations:pitchest-black.

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle Englishpicchen,pycchen(“to thrust in, fasten, settle”), fromOld English*piċċan, fromProto-West Germanic*pikkijan, a variant ofProto-West Germanic*pikkōn(“to pick, peck”), whenceMiddle Englishpikken,picken(“to pick, pierce”), modernEnglishpick.

Noun

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pitch (pluralpitches)

  1. Athrow; atoss; acast, as of something from the hand.
    a goodpitch in quoits
  3. (baseball) The act of pitching a baseball.
    Thepitch was low and inside.
  4. (sports, UK, Australia, New Zealand) The field on whichcricket,soccer,rugby,gridiron orfield hockey is played.(In cricket, the pitch is in the centre of the field; seecricket pitch.)(Not often used in the US or Canada, where "field" is the preferred word.)
    The teams met on thepitch.
  5. (golf) A short, high, lofty shot that lands with backspin.
  6. (rare) The field of battle.
    • 1845, Owen Connellan,Annals of Ireland: Translated from the Original Irish of the Four Masters‎[1], page179:
      “The two men of Alltraighe maintain, Two chiefs of the plain of Kerry, A clan the most active inpitch of battle, Their chiefs are O’Neide and Clan Conary.”
    • 2015, SK Benton,Lives of Future-Past‎[2]:
      Every other day they would spend half of the training hours on the battlepitch.
    • 2018, Christopher R. Lakey,Sculptural Seeing: Relief, Optics and the Rise of Perspectives in Medieval Italy‎[3], page84:
      George’s cult was popular in the east because of his legendary feats on the battlepitch and because of the location of his tomb, which was a pilgrimage site.
  7. An effort tosell orpromote something.
    He gave me a salespitch.
  8. Thedistance between evenly spaced objects, e.g. theteeth of asaw or gear, the turns of a screw thread, the centres of holes, orletters in amonospacefont.
    Thepitch of pixels on the point scale is 72 pixels per inch.
    Thepitch of this saw is perfect for that type of wood.
    A helical scan with apitch of zero is equivalent to constant z-axis scanning.
  9. Theangle at which an object sits.
    thepitch of the roof or haystack
  11. Therotation angle about thetransverse axis.
    1. (nautical, aviation) The degree to which a vehicle, especially a ship or aircraft, rotates on such an axis, tilting its bow or nose up or down.
      Coordinate terms:roll,yaw;heave
      thepitch of an aircraft
    2. (aviation) A measure of theangle of attack of apropeller.
      The propeller blades'pitch went to 90° as the engine was feathered.
  12. An area in a market (or similar) allocated to a particular trader.
  13. (by extension) The place where abusker performs, aprostitute solicits clients, or an illegal gambling game etc. is set up before the public.
    • 1975, Tom A. Cullen,The Prostitutes' Padre, page94:
      Another reason is that the prostitute who makes herpitch at Marble Arch stands a chance of being picked up by an out-of-town business man stopping at one of the hotels in the vicinity, and of being treated to a steak dinner[…]
  14. An area on acampsite intended for occupation by a singletent,caravan or similar.
  15. Alevel ordegree, or(by extension), apeak or highest degree.
  16. A point or peak; the extreme point of elevation or depression.
    • 1667,John Milton, “Book II”, inParadise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […];[a]nd by Robert Boulter […];[a]nd Matthias Walker, […],→OCLC; republished asParadise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […],1873,→OCLC:
      Driven headlong from thepitch of heaven, down / Into this deep.
  17. The mostthrust-out point of aheadland orcape.
    • 2014, John Narborough, Abel Tasman, John Wood,An Account of Several Late Voyages and Discoveries to the South and North,→ISBN:
      From thepitch of Cape-Fraward, to thepitch of Cape-Holland, the Streight lies in the Channel West and by North, nearest, and is distant full five Leagues;
  18. (obsolete, uncountable) Collectively, theoutermostpoints of some part of thebody, especially theshoulders orhips.
  19. Theheight abirdreaches inflight, especially abird of prey preparing toswoop down on itsprey.
  20. (now British, regional) A person's or animal'sheight.
  21. Prominence; importance.
  22. (climbing) A section of a climb or rock face; specifically, the climbing distance betweenbelays orstances.
    • 1950 April, Timothy H. Cobb, “The Kenya-Uganda Railway”, inRailway Magazine, page265:
      The line turns a sharp right-angle to the north to circumvent the town, and then plunges straight into the 1 in 50, which lasts for nearly 20 miles with few intermissions, and somepitches of 1 in 40.
    • 1967, Anthony Greenbank,Instructions in Mountaineering, page84:
      Youlead "through" instead — your companion leads apitch, then you join him. But instead of swapping over at the ice axe belay, you carry on in the lead, cutting or kicking steps until you are about twenty feet above.
  23. (caving) A vertical cave passage, only negotiable by using rope or ladders.
    The entrancepitch requires 30 metres of rope.
  24. (cricket) That point of the ground on which the ball pitches orlights when bowled.
  25. Adescent; a fall; a thrusting down.
  26. The point where adeclivity begins; hence, the declivity itself; a descending slope; the degree or rate of descent or slope; slant.
    a steeppitch in the road
    thepitch of a roof
  27. (mining) The limit of ground set to a miner who receives a share of theore taken out.
Hyponyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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throw, toss or cast from the hand
act of pitching a baseball
field on which cricket, soccer, rugby, gridiron or field hockey is played
effort to sell or promote something
distance between evenly spaced objects
angle at which an object sits
rotation angle about the transverse axis
level or degree
aviation: measure of the degree to which an aircraft's nose tilts up or down
measure of the angle of attack of a propeller
nautical: measure of extent to which a vessel's bow and stern go up and down
place where a busker performs
area in a market allocated to a particular trader
point or peak, the extreme point or degree of elevation or depression, a limit or bound
climbing: section of a climb
caving: vertical cave passage
person's or animal's height
point of the ground on which the ball pitches or lights when bowled
descent, fall, a thrusting down
point where a declivity begins, descending slope, the degree or rate of descent
mining: limit of ground set to a miner who receives a share of the ore taken out

Verb

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pitch (third-person singular simple presentpitches,present participlepitching,simple past and past participlepitchedor(obsolete)pight)

  2. (transitive) Tothrow.
    Synonyms:fling,hurl;see alsoThesaurus:throw
    Hepitched the horseshoe.
  4. (transitive or intransitive, baseball) To throw (theball) toward abatter at home plate.
    The hurlerpitched a curveball.
    Hepitched high and inside.
  5. (intransitive, baseball) To play baseball in the position of pitcher.
    Bobpitches today.
  6. (transitive) To throw away;discard.
    Synonyms:cast aside,throw away;see alsoThesaurus:junk
    Hepitched the candy wrapper.
  7. (transitive) Topromote, advertise, or attempt to sell.
    Hepitched the idea for months with no takers.
  8. (transitive) To deliver in a certain tone or style, or with a certain audience in mind.
    At which level should Ipitch my presentation?
  9. (transitive) To assemble orerect (atent). Also used figuratively.
    Pitch the tent over there.
    • 2024 April 16, Gaby Hinsliff, “Liz Truss has kindly offered to ‘save the west’. But who will save her from her delusions?”, inThe Guardian‎[4]:
      Why not, when it was clearly now possible topitch your tent well beyond whatever expert consensus considered reasonable and be lionised instead of punished [...]
  10. (intransitive) To fix or place a tent or temporary habitation; toencamp.
  11. (ambitransitive, aviation or nautical) To move so that thefront of anaircraft orboat goes alternativelyup anddown.
    The typhoonpitched the deck of the ship.
    The airplanepitched.
  12. (transitive) To set at anangle, especially a downwards one; to cause totilt.
    • 2020 August 4, Don Kostelec, ““Fully implement ADA.” Do agencies know what that means?”, inKostelec Planning‎[5]:
      Driveway cross slopes along Owyhee Street in Boise reach nearly 9%, which could cause a person in a wheelchair or using another mobility device to bepitched into the street. The cross slope should be no greater than 2% in order to prevent this.
  13. (transitive, golf) To play a short, high,lofty shot that lands withbackspin.
    The only way to get on the green from here is topitch the ball over the bunker.
  14. (intransitive, cricket) Tobounce on the playing surface.
    The ballpitched well short of the batsman.
  15. (intransitive, Bristol, of snow) Tosettle and build up, withoutmelting.
  16. (intransitive, archaic) Toalight; to settle; to come to rest from flight.
    • 1707,J[ohn] Mortimer,The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […],→OCLC:
      the tree whereon they [the bees]pitch
  17. (withon orupon) Tofix one's choice.
  18. (intransitive) To plunge or fall; especially, to fall forward; to decline or slope.
    topitch from a precipice
    The fieldpitches toward the east.
  19. (transitive) Toset,face, orpave (an embankment or roadway) withrubble orundressed stones.
    • 1838, Thomas Hughes,The Practice of Making & Repairing Roads:
      […]pitch the road with hard stones [rather] than to break them up for a road covering
  20. (transitive) To set or fix (a price or value).
  21. (transitive, card games, slang) Todiscard (a card) for some gain.
  22. To attack, or position or assemble for attack.
    • 1801, Thomas Coke, chapter 11, inA Commentary on the Holy Bible: Commentary on the Old Teatament‎[6], Joshua, page51, verse 5:
      Theypitched at the waters of Merom. These waters of Merom are generally thought to be nothing but the lake of Semechon,[…]
    • 1866, Charles Dickens,Works: Sketches by Boz: Illustrative of Every-day Life and Every-day People with Illustrations by George Cruikshank‎[7], page65:
      “Vy don’t youpitch into her Sarah?” exclaims one half-dressed matron by way of encouragement.
    • 1868,Rock Ruin; or the Daughter of the Island, page23:
      Yet I sometimes long topitch at him for daring to lift his eyes this way; I always feel the blood tingling at my finger’s end whenever he crosses my path.
    • 1886, James Osgood Andrew Clark,Elijah Vindicated: Or The Answer by Fire‎[8], page378:
      On the seventh day after the two armies werepitched against each other in the plain before Aphek the battle was joined, the Syrians were routed, and a hundred thousand of their foot-men were slain in one day.
    • 1892, Louis Barnett Abrahams,A Manual of Scripture History for Use in Jewish Schools and Families‎[9], page72:
      The Philistines, hearing that Israel were assembled at Mizpeh, raised an army andpitched against them.
    • 2015, William Dean Howells,Delphi Complete Works of William Dean Howells:
      He wouldpitch into her, andpitch into himself, and then he would dwell on her good qualities, […]
    • 2016, A. González Enciso,War, Power and the Economy: Mercantilism and state formation in 18th-century Europe‎[10], page144:
      If Spain was to fight in the Americas, for example, the Royal Navy couldpitch against it over 300 ships in the seventies (Morris 2011:13-32), deployed in various parts of the world.
  23. (brewing) To add yeast as a step while making beer
    • 2004 September 1, L. F. Guido, P. G. Rodrigues, J. A. Rodrigues, C. R. Gonçalves, A. A. Barros, “The impact of the physiological condition of the pitching yeast on beer flavour stability: an industrial approach”, inFood Chemistry‎[11], volume87, number 2,→DOI,→ISSN, pages187–193:
      except for the cell growth which is higher for the yeastpitched with lower vitality
    • 2009 February 1, P. J. Verbelen, T. M. L. Dekoninck, S. M. G. Saerens, S. E. Van Mulders, J. M. Thevelein, “Impact of pitching rate on yeast fermentation performance and beer flavour”, inApplied Microbiology and Biotechnology‎[12], volume82, number 1,→DOI,→ISSN, pages155–167:
      fivepitching rates were applied to lab-scale fermentations to investigate its impact on the yeast
    • 2019 August 1, Girmay Kalayu, “Serial re-pitching: its effect on yeast physiology, fermentation performance, and product quality”, inAnnals of Microbiology‎[13], volume69, number 8,→DOI,→ISSN, pages787–796:
      Since yeast propagation is time and resource intensive, it is customary to serially re-pitch yeast
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Translations
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throw
baseball: throw the ball toward home plate
play baseball in the position of pitcher
throw away, discard
promote, advertise, or attempt to sell
deliver in a certain tone or style
assemble or erect (a tent)
fix or place a tent or temporary habitation
move so that the front of the craft goes alternatively up and down
golf: play a short, high, lofty shot that lands with backspin
cricket: bounce on the playing surface
of snow, settle and build up, without melting
come to rest from flight
fix one's choice
plunge or fall
set, face, or pave with rubble or undressed stones
set or fix, as a price or value
card games: discard a card for some gain

Etymology 3

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Unknown. Perhaps from the above sense of "inclination", "level", or "degree", or influenced by it.

Noun

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pitch (countable anduncountable,pluralpitches)

  2. (music, phonetics) The perceivedfrequency of asound,note orelectromagnetic wave.
    Thepitch of middle "C" is familiar to many musicians.
    • 1895 February 28,Ludwig Boltzmann, “On Certain Questions of the Theory of Gases" (Letters to the Editor)”, inNature‎[14], volume51, number1322, page414:
      Hertzian waves are not caused by vibrations of the ponderable matter of the brass balls, the form of which only determines thepitch.
  3. (music) Thestandard to which a group ofmusical instruments are tuned or in which apiece is performed, usually by reference to the frequency to which themusicalnoteA abovemiddle C istuned.
    Are we in baroquepitch for this one?
  4. (music) In ana cappella group, thesinger responsible for singing anote for the other members totune themselves by.
    Bob, ourpitch, let out a clear middle "C" and our conductor gave the signal to start.
Derived terms
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Translations
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perceived frequency of a sound or note

Verb

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pitch (third-person singular simple presentpitches,present participlepitching,simple past and past participlepitched)

  1. (intransitive) To produce a note of a given pitch.
  2. (transitive) To fix or set the tone of.
    • 1955 October,Rex Stout, “Die Like a Dog”, inThree Witnesses, Bantam, published1994,→ISBN, pages196–197:
      His "hello" was enough to recognize his voice by. Ipitched mine low so he wouldn't know it.
Translations
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produce a note of a given pitch

References

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French

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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pitch m (pluralpitchs)

  1. pitch(sales patter, inclination)

Italian

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Noun

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pitch m

  1. (cricket)cricket pitch
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