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past

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:pásť,pást,andpäsť

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishpassed, past participle ofpassen(“to pass, to go by”), whence ModernEnglishpass.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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past (pluralpasts)

  1. Theperiod oftime that hasalready happened, in contrast to thepresent and thefuture.
    a book about a time machine that can transport people back into thepast
    • 1830,Daniel Webster, a speech
      Thepast, at least, is secure.
    • 1860,Richard Chenevix Trench,On the English Language, Past and Present:
      The present is only intelligible in the light of thepast, often a very remote past indeed.
    • 1979, Italo Calvino,If on a Winter's Night a Traveler:
      Every time the little gate creaks--I'm in the shed with the tanks at the end of the garden--I wonder from which of mypasts the person is arriving, seeking me out even here: maybe it is only thepast of yesterday and of this same suburb, the squat Arab garbage collector who in October begins his rounds for tips, house by house, with a Happy New Year card, because he says that his colleagues keep all the December tips for themselves and he never gets a penny; but it could also be the more distantpasts pursuing old Ruedi, finding the little gate in the Impasse: smugglers from Valais, mercenaries from Katanga, croupiers from the Veradero casino and the days of Fulgencio Batista.
    • 2012, Chinle Miller,In Mesozoic Lands: The Mesozoic Geology of Arches and Canyonlands National Parks, Kindle edition:
      The Mesozoic landscape of southeastern Utah can tell us much about thepast, and it's one of the most intriguing and beautiful landscapes on Earth.
  2. (grammar) Thepast tense.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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period of time that has already happened
(grammar) past tense
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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Adjective

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past (comparativemorepast,superlativemostpast)

  1. Having already happened; in the past; finished.[from 14th c.]
    past glories
    • 1963,Margery Allingham, chapter 7, inThe China Governess: A Mystery, London:Chatto & Windus,→OCLC:
      The highway to the East Coast which ran through the borough of Ebbfield had always been a main road and even now, despite the vast garages, the pylons and the gaily painted factory glasshouses which had sprung up beside it, there still remained an occasional trace ofpast cultures.
  2. (postmodifier) Following expressions of time to indicate how long ago something happened;ago.[from 15th c.]
    • 1999,George R.R. Martin,A Clash of Kings, Bantam, published2011, page538:
      That had been, what, three yearspast?
    • 2009,John Sadler,Glencoe, Amberley, published2009, page20:
      Some four decadespast, as a boy, I had a chance encounter and conversation with the late W.A. Poucher [...].
  3. Of a period of time: having just gone by;previous.[from 15th c.]
    during thepast year
    • 2012 April 23, Angelique Chrisafis, “François Hollande on top but far right scores record result in French election”, inThe Guardian‎[1]:
      Sarkozy's total will be seen as a personal failure. It is the first time an outgoing president has failed to win a first-round vote in thepast 50 years and makes it harder for Sarkozy to regain momentum.
  4. (grammar) Of a tense, expressing action that has already happened or a previously-existing state.[from 18th c.]
    past tense

Synonyms

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Translations

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having already happened; in the past
ago—seeago
of a period of time: having just gone by
grammar: expressing action that has already happened

Adverb

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past (comparativemorepast,superlativemostpast)

  1. In adirection thatpasses.
    Synonym:by
    I watched him walkpast.

Translations

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in a direction that passes

Preposition

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past

  1. Beyond in place or quantity.
    the roompast mine
    countpast twenty
  2. (time) Any number of minutes after the last hour.
    Antonym:to
    What's the time? - It's now quarterpast twelve midday (or 12.15pm) -O,K., we'll stop at half (past) twelve
    • 2012 April 22, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0-1 West Brom”, inBBC Sport‎[2]:
      But they were stunned when Glen Johnson's error let in Peter Odemwingie to firepast Pepe Reina on 75 minutes.
  3. No longer capable of.
    I'mpast caring what he thinks of me.
  4. Havingrecovered ormoved on from (a traumatic experience, etc.).
  5. Passing by, especially without stopping or being delayed.
    Ignore them, we'll playpast them.
    Please don't drivepast the fruit stand, I want to stop there.

Derived terms

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Translations

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beyond in place
beyond in quantity
beyond in time
no longer capable of
having recovered
passing by

Verb

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past

  1. (obsolete)simplepast andpastparticiple ofpass
    • 1632,John Vicars,The XII Aeneids of Virgil:
      Great Tuscane dames, as she their townspast by, / Wisht her their daughter-in-law, but frustrately.

Related terms

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Anagrams

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Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*pastь, akin toPolishzapadnia,Russianзападня́(zapadnjá).

Compare typologically GermanFalle (<fallen).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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past f

  1. trap(a device designed to catch and sometimes kill animals)
    past na myši ―mousetrap

Declension

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Declension ofpast (mixed i-stem [type 'pěst'] feminine)
singularplural
nominativepastpasti
genitivepastipastí
dativepastipastím,pastem
accusativepastpasti
vocativepastipasti
locativepastipastích,pastech
instrumentalpastípastmi

Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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past

  1. inflection ofpassen:
    1. second/third-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. (archaic)pluralimperative

Anagrams

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Livonian

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Etymology

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Borrowed either fromOld East Slavicпостъ(postŭ) orOld Swedishfasta. CompareEstonianpaast.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpɑst/,[ˈpɑsˑt̪]

Noun

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past

  1. fast,fasting(abstaining from food)

Declension

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Declension ofpast (80)
singular(ikšlu’g)plural(pǟgiņlu’g)
nominative(nominatīv)pastpastūd
genitive(genitīv)pastpastūd
partitive(partitīv)pastõpastīdi
dative(datīv)pastõnpastūdõn
instrumental(instrumentāl)pastõkspastūdõks
illative(illatīv)pastõpastīž
inessive(inesīv)pastõspastīs
elative(elatīv)pastõstpastīst

References

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  • Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “past”, inLīvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎[3] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

Middle French

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Etymology

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FromOld Frenchpast, fromLatinpastus(“pasture”).

Noun

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past m (pluralpasts)

  1. food, meal
    • 1537, Giles du Guez, quoting John Palsgrave (c. 1485–1554),An Introductorie for to lerne to speke Frenche trewly:
      Verité est lepast de l'ame.
      Truth is thefood of the soul.
    • 1583, Claude Gruget,Diverses leçons:
      Il dit aussi que les choux mangez avant lepast gardent d'enyvrer.
      He also says that cabbage, when eaten before ameal, reduces how much one gets drunk.

Old French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromLatinpastus(“pasture”), probably influenced bypaste(“dough, pastry”).

Noun

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pastoblique singular, m (nominative singularpast)

  1. food, meal
    • ca. 1268, Étienne Boileau (ca. 1210–1270),Livre des métiers:
      Por son abuvrement et por sonpast.
      For him to drink and for hisfood.

Descendants

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Polish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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past f

  1. genitiveplural ofpasta

Slovene

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*pastь.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pȃst f

  1. trap

Declension

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Thediacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Feminine, i-stem, long mixed accent
nom. sing.pást
gen. sing.pastí
singulardualplural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)		pástpastípastí
genitive
(rodȋlnik)		pastípastípastí
dative
(dajȃlnik)		pástipastémapastém
accusative
(tožȋlnik)		pástpastípastí
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)		pástipastéhpastéh
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)		pastjópastémapastmí

Verb

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pȃst

  1. supine ofpásti

Further reading

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  • “past”, inSlovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene),2014–2025

Welsh

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromEnglishpaste.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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past m (usuallyuncountable,pluralpastau)

  1. paste

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms ofpast
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
pastbastmhastphast

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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  • D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “past”, inGweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “past”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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