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pang

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Pang,pāng,páng,pǎng,pàng,andpang-

English

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WOTD – 14 April 2019

Etymology 1

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The origin of the noun is uncertain;[1] it is possibly derived fromMiddle English*pange, perhaps an altered form ofprange,prōnge(“affliction, agony, pain; pointed instrument”) as inprongys of deth (“pangs of death, death throes”), from Anglo-Latinpronga, of unknown origin. Perhaps connected withMiddle Dutchprange,pranghe(“instrument for pinching”) (modernDutchprang(“horse restraint; fetter, neck iron”)),Middle Low Germanprange(“pole, stake; (possibly) kind of pillory or stocks”),[1][2][3]Old Englishpyngan(“to prick”). The word may thus be related toprong.

The verb is derived from the noun.[4]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pang (pluralpangs)

  1. (often in theplural) Aparoxysm ofextremephysicalpain oranguish; afeeling ofsudden andtransitoryagony; athroe.
    • 1591 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act III, scene iii],page137, column 1:
      War[wick]. See how thepangs of death do make him grin. /Sal[isbury]. Diſturbe him not, let him paſſe peaceably.
    • c.1601–1602 (date written),William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act III, scene iv],page269:
      He is knight dubb'd with vnhatche'd Rapier, and on carpet conſideration, but he is a diuell in priuatebrall, soules and bodies hath he diuorc'd three, and his incenſement at this moment is ſo implacable, that ſatisfaction can be none, but bypangs of death and ſepulcher: Hob, nob, is his word: giu't or take't.
    • a.1722,Matthew Prior, “Written in Lady Howe’s Ovid’s Epistles”, inThe Poetical Works of Matthew Prior, Esq. […], Edinburgh: Printed by Mundell and Son, […], published1793,→OCLC; republished inRobert Anderson, editor,The Works of the British Poets. […], volume VII, London: Printed for John & Arthur Arch; and for Bell & Bradfute, and J. Mundell & Co. Edinburgh,1795,→OCLC,page456, column 1:
      But, oh! whatpangs torment the deſtin’d heart, / That feels the wound, yet dare not ſhow the dart; / What eaſe couldOvid to his ſorrows give, / Who muſt not ſpeak, and therefore cannot live?
    • 1862, Christina Rossetti, “In the Round Tower at Jhansi, June 8, 1857”, inGoblin Market and Other Poems, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, London:Macmillan & Co., […],→OCLC,page31:
      "Will it hurt much?"—"No, mine own: / I wish I could bear thepang for both." / "I wish I could bear thepang alone: / Courage, dear, I am not loth."
    • 1888 May,Oscar Wilde, “The Nightingale and the Rose”, inThe Happy Prince and Other Tales, London:David Nutt, […],→OCLC,pages37–38:
      So the Nightingale pressed closer against the thorn, and the thorn touched her heart, and a fiercepang of pain shot through her. Bitter, bitter was the pain, and wilder and wilder grew her song, for she sang of the Love that is perfected by Death, of the Love that dies not in the tomb.
  2. (often in theplural) Asuddensharpfeeling of anemotional ormental nature, as ofjoy orsorrow.
Derived terms
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Translations
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paroxysm of extreme physical pain or anguish
sudden sharp feeling of a mental or emotional nature

Verb

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pang (third-person singular simple presentpangs,present participlepanging,simple past and past participlepanged)

  1. (transitive) Tocause to havegreatpain orsuffering; totorment, totorture.
    Synonyms:afflict,excruciate;see alsoThesaurus:hurt
Translations
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to cause to have great pain or suffering—see alsotorment,‎torture

References

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  1. ↑1.01.1“pang,n.1”, inOED OnlinePaid subscription required⁠, Oxford:Oxford University Press, March 2005;“pang”, inLexico,Dictionary.com;Oxford University Press,2019–2022.
  2. ^“prong,n.2”, inOED OnlinePaid subscription required⁠, Oxford:Oxford University Press,June 2007.
  3. ^“prōnge,n.”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007, retrieved3 December 2018.
  4. ^“pang,v.1”, inOED OnlinePaid subscription required⁠, Oxford:Oxford University Press, March 2005.

Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Verb

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pang

  1. (nonstandard)simplepast ofping

See also

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Estonian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*panka. Possibly cognate withTundra Enetspoggo(“handle”).

Noun

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pang (genitivepange,partitivepange)

  1. bucket
    Synonym:ämber

Declension

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Declension ofpang (ÕS type22i/külm, length gradation)
singularplural
nominativepangpanged
accusativenom.
gen.pange
genitivepangede
partitivepangepangi
pangesid
illativepange
pangesse		pangedesse
pangisse
inessivepangespangedes
pangis
elativepangestpangedest
pangist
allativepangelepangedele
pangile
adessivepangelpangedel
pangil
ablativepangeltpangedelt
pangilt
translativepangekspangedeks
pangiks
terminativepangenipangedeni
essivepangenapangedena
abessivepangetapangedeta
comitativepangegapangedega

References

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Further reading

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  • “pang”, in[EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation),2009

Hokkien

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For pronunciation and definitions ofpang – see幫 (“group;gang; etc.”).
(This term is thepe̍h-ōe-jī form of幫).

Hungarian

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Etymology

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Of uncertain origin, possibly from anonomatopoeic stem (comparekong(“to resound”)). Formed with-g(frequentative verb-forming suffix). First attested in 1792.[1]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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pang

  1. (intransitive, chiefly in the third person) tostagnate, to be instasis(e.g. of business or bodily circulation)
    Synonyms:stagnál,megreked,tesped

Conjugation

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The infinitive is more common in the formpangani.

Conjugation ofpang
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		1st person pl2nd person pl
informal		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.pangokpangszpangpangunkpangtokpangnak
def.intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
pastindef.pangtampangtálpangottpangtunkpangtatokpangtak
def.―
2nd obj
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verbfog, e.g.pangni fog.
archaic
preterite		indef.pangékpangálpangapangánkpangátokpangának
def.―
2nd obj
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.pang vala,pangott vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.pangandokpangandaszpangandpangandunkpangandotokpangandanak
def.―
2nd obj
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.pangnékpangnálpangnapangnánkpangnátokpangnának
def.―
2nd obj
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.pangott volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.pangjakpangj or
pangjál		pangjonpangjunkpangjatokpangjanak
def.―
2nd obj
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.pangott légyen
infinitivepangnipangnompangnodpangniapangnunkpangnotokpangniuk
other
forms		verbal nounpresent part.past part.future part.adverbial participlecausative
pangáspangópangott―pangva (pangván)
Potential conjugation ofpang
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		1st person pl2nd person pl
informal		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.panghatokpanghatszpanghatpanghatunkpanghattokpanghatnak
def.intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
pastindef.panghattampanghattálpanghatottpanghattunkpanghattatokpanghattak
def.―
2nd obj
archaic
preterite		indef.panghatékpanghatálpanghatapanghatánkpanghatátokpanghatának
def.―
2nd obj
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.panghat vala,panghatott vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.panghatandok
or pangandhatok		panghatandasz
or pangandhatsz		panghatand
or pangandhat		panghatandunk
or pangandhatunk		panghatandotok
or pangandhattok		panghatandanak
or pangandhatnak
def.―
2nd obj
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.panghatnékpanghatnálpanghatnapanghatnánkpanghatnátokpanghatnának
def.―
2nd obj
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.panghatott volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.panghassakpanghass or
panghassál		panghassonpanghassunkpanghassatokpanghassanak
def.―
2nd obj
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.panghatott légyen
infinitive(panghatni)(panghatnom)(panghatnod)(panghatnia)(panghatnunk)(panghatnotok)(panghatniuk)
other
forms		positive adjectivenegative adjectiveadverbial participle
――(panghatva /panghatván)

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^pang in Károly Gerstner, editor,Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics /Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

Further reading

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  • pang in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.

Javanese

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Etymology

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FromOld Javanesepaṅ.

Noun

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pang

  1. branch

Ludian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*panka.

Noun

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pang

  1. handle

Mandarin

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Romanization

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pang

  1. Nonstandard spelling ofpāng.
  2. Nonstandard spelling ofpáng.
  3. Nonstandard spelling ofpǎng.
  4. Nonstandard spelling ofpàng.

Usage notes

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  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the criticaltonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Romansch

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromLatinpānis, pānem.

Noun

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pang m

  1. (Surmiran)bread

Noun

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pang m (pluralpangs)

  1. (Surmiran)loaf of bread

Swedish

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SwedishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediasv

Etymology 1

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Onomatopoeic.

Interjection

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pang

  1. bang (verbal percussive sound)

Noun

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pang n

  1. bang,explosion
    Han vaknade med ettpang. ―He woke up with abang.
    Pang!Pang! Du är död! ―Bang!Bang! You are dead!
    • 1887,August Strindberg,Hemsöborna:
      när plötsligen det hördes ettpang! utanför på gården och rasslet av glasskärvor.
      when suddenly they heard a bang! outside in the yard and the sound of broken glass.
Declension
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Declension ofpang
nominativegenitive
singularindefinitepangpangs
definitepangetpangets
pluralindefinitepangpangs
definitepangenpangens

See also

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Etymology 2

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Noun

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pang n

  1. (colloquial, dated)pension house,hotel;clipping ofpensionat.
Declension
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Declension ofpang
nominativegenitive
singularindefinitepangpangs
definitepangetpangets
pluralindefinitepangpangs
definitepangenpangens

Trivia

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  • The Swedish translation of John Cleese'sFawlty Towers (1975), "Pang i bygget" (1979) is a pun based on both definitions.

References

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Veps

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*panka.

Noun

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pang

  1. handle,grip

Declension

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Inflection ofpang (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing.pang
genitive sing.pangan
partitive sing.pangad
partitive plur.pangoid
singularplural
nominativepangpangad
accusativepanganpangad
genitivepanganpangoiden
partitivepangadpangoid
essive-instructivepanganpangoin
translativepangakspangoikš
inessivepangaspangoiš
elativepangaspäipangoišpäi
illativepangahapangoihe
adessivepangalpangoil
ablativepangalpäipangoilpäi
allativepangalepangoile
abessivepangatapangoita
comitativepangankepangoidenke
prolativepangadmepangoidme
approximative Ipangannopangoidenno
approximative IIpangannokspangoidennoks
egressivepangannopäipangoidennopäi
terminative Ipangahasaipangoihesai
terminative IIpangalesaipangoilesai
terminative IIIpangassai—
additive Ipangahapäipangoihepäi
additive IIpangalepäipangoilepäi
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