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overcome

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishovercomen, fromOld Englishofercuman(“to overcome, subdue, compel, conquer, obtain, attain, reach, overtake”), corresponding toover- +‎come. Cognate withDutchoverkomen(“to overcome”),Germanüberkommen(“to overcome”),Danishoverkomme(“to overcome”),Swedishöverkomma(“to overcome”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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overcome (third-person singular simple presentovercomes,present participleovercoming,simple pastovercame,past participleovercome)

  1. (transitive) Tosurmount (a physical or abstract obstacle); toprevail over, toget the better of.
    toovercome enemies in battle
    • 1590,Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto I”, inThe Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] forWilliam Ponsonbie,→OCLC, stanza 58:
      But sith this wretched womanouercome / Of anguish, rather then of crime hath beene,
    • [1898],J[ohn] Meade Falkner,Moonfleet, London; Toronto, Ont.:Jonathan Cape, published1934,→OCLC:
      By and by fumes of brandy began to fill the air, and climb to where I lay,overcoming the mouldy smell of decayed wood and the dampness of the green walls.
    • 1960 December, Cecil J. Allen, “Operating a mountain main line: the Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon: Part One”, inTrains Illustrated, page743:
      In the early days troubles were experienced with oscillation from the rod drive and with the transformers, but wereovercome later, and these machines performed useful service until superseded by more modern locomotives less costly in maintenance.
  2. (intransitive) Toprevail.
    • 1611,The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […],→OCLC,Revelation3:5:
      Hee thatouercommeth, the same shalbe clothed in white raiment, and I will not blot out his name out of the booke of life, but I will confesse his name before my Father, and before his Angels.
    • 1968,Martin Luther King Jr.,(Please provide the book title or journal name):
      We shallovercome because Carlyle is right; "no lie can live forever".
    • 2012,BioWare,Mass Effect 3 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts,→OCLC, PC, scene:Citadel, Docking Bay E24 (Kite's Nest: Pillars of Strength):
      Preacher: Maintain, my brothers and sisters--we have faced adversity, andovercome. This is but a test!
      Preacher: Remember the pillars of strength that hold our people high. Show the galaxy our resolve!
  3. (transitive) Torecover from (a difficulty), toget over
  4. (transitive) To win or prevail in some sort of battle, contest, etc.
    • 1485,Sir Thomas Malory, “iij”, inLe Morte Darthur, book IV:
      Ther with all cam kyng Arthur but with a fewe peple and slewe on the lyfte hand and on the ryght hand that wel nyhe ther escaped no man / but alle were slayne to the nombre of xxx M / And whan the bataille was all ended the kynge kneled doune and thanked god mekely / and thenne he sente for the quene and soone she was come / and she maade grete Ioye of theouercomynge of that bataille
      (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
    • 1590,Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto XII”, inThe Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] forWilliam Ponsonbie,→OCLC, stanza 31,pages370–371:
      They were faire Ladies, till they fondly ſtriu’d / With th’Heliconian maides for mayſtery; / Of whom theyouer-comen, were depriu’d / Of their proud beautie, and th’one moyity / Transform’d to fiſh, for their bold ſurquedry, / But th’vpper halfe their hew retayned ſtill, / And their ſweet skill in wonted melody; / Which euer after they abuſd to ill, / T’allure weake traueillers, whom gotten they did kill.
    • 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter II, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC:
      That the young Mr. Churchills liked—but they did not like him coming round of an evening and drinking weak whisky-and-water while he held forth on railway debentures and corporation loans. Mr. Barrett, however, by fawning and flattery, seemed to be able to make not only Mrs. Churchill but everyone else do what he desired. And if the arts of humbleness failed him, heovercame you by sheer impudence.
  5. To come or pass over; to spread over.
    I wasovercome with anger.
  6. (obsolete) Tooverflow; tosurcharge.
    • 1697,Virgil, “The Second Book of theGeorgics”, inJohn Dryden, transl.,The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […],→OCLC:
      A Crop so plenteous, as the Land to load,
      O'ercome the crowded Barns
    • 1708, [John Philips], “(please specify the page)”, inCyder. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […],→OCLC:
      Th' unfallow'd Glebe Yearlyo'ercomes the Granaries with Store Of Golden Wheat.

Translations

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to surmount, get the better of
to win or prevail in some sort of battle, contest, etc.
to come or pass over; to spread over
to overflow; to surcharge
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

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overcome (pluralovercomes)

  1. (Scotland) Theburden or recurring theme in asong.
  2. (Scotland) Asurplus.

References

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Anagrams

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