That the money of account of the United States shall be expressed in dollars or units, dismes or tenths, cents or hundredths, andmilles or thousandths, a disme being the tenth part of a dollar, a cent the hundredth part of a dollar, amille the thousandth part of a dollar, and that all accounts in the public offices and all proceedings in the courts of the United States shall be kept and had in conformity to this regulation.
'mīllī passum' dīxit prō 'mīlle passibus' et 'ūnō mīllī nummum' prō 'ūnīs mīlle nummīs', apertēque ostendit 'mīlle' et vocābulum esse et singulārī numerō dīci eiusque plūrātivum esse 'mīlia' et cāsum etiam capere ablātīvum
While Lucilius wrote . . .
With athousand sesterces you can get a hundred thousand.
milli passum instead ofmille passibus anduno milli nummum forunis mille nummis, thus showing clearly thatmille is a noun, used in the singular number, that its plural ismilia, and that it even forms an ablative case.
nōnmīlle, nōn duo, nec triamīlia, sed ad ūnās ūnius agrī decumās trīticī modium trīgintā voluisse addere
was prepared to pay nota thousand, not two, not threethousand, but thirtythousand pecks of wheat above the going price for the individual tithes of one single district
Dominus autem benedīxit novissimīs Iob magis quam prīncipiō eius, et facta sunt ei quattuordecimmīlia ovium, et sexmīlia camēlōrum, etmīlle iuga boum, etmīlle asinae
Moreover, God blessed Job's last days more than at the beginning, as 14000 sheep were made, and 6000 camels, and a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand female donkeys.
originally a neuter noun with singular agreement taking the noun in genitive plural:mīlle mīlitum vēnit;
anindeclinable adjective with plural agreement, by analogy with other cardinal numerals:mīlle mīlitēs vēnērunt ("a thousand soldiers came");
or even a neuter noun with plural agreement, perhaps in apartitive sense: as inmīlle mīlitum vēnērunt.
The plural form normally behaves as a fully-declinable neuter noun of the third declension, with which the predicate agrees, as induo mīlia mīlitum capta ("two thousand soldiers were captured");
but not if part of a compound numeral, and not with personal reference in the absence of a genitive, in which case it's an adjective, as induo mīlia quīngentae (mīlitēs) captae ("two thousand five hundred women (soldiers) were captured"),tria mīlia captī ("three thousand were captured").
An ablative singular formmīllī also occurs - see usage examples.
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “mīlle”, inEtymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN,pages379-380
