Inherited fromMiddle Frenchmettre, fromOld Frenchmetre, fromLatinmittere, probably fromProto-Indo-European*meyth₂-(“to exchange, remove”).
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mettre
This verb is conjugated likebattre except that its past participle ismis, not *mettu, and its past historic and imperfect subjunctive are formed withmi-, not *metti-.
| infinitive | simple | mettre | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle orgerund1 | simple | mettant /mɛ.tɑ̃/ or/me.tɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | mis /mi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | mets /mɛ/ | mets /mɛ/ | met /mɛ/ | mettons /mɛ.tɔ̃/ or/me.tɔ̃/ | mettez /mɛ.te/ or/me.te/ | mettent /mɛt/ |
| imperfect | mettais /mɛ.tɛ/ or/me.tɛ/ | mettais /mɛ.tɛ/ or/me.tɛ/ | mettait /mɛ.tɛ/ or/me.tɛ/ | mettions /mɛ.tjɔ̃/ or/me.tjɔ̃/ | mettiez /mɛ.tje/ or/me.tje/ | mettaient /mɛ.tɛ/ or/me.tɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | mis /mi/ | mis /mi/ | mit /mi/ | mîmes /mim/ | mîtes /mit/ | mirent /miʁ/ | |
| future | mettrai /mɛ.tʁe/ or/me.tʁe/ | mettras /mɛ.tʁa/ or/me.tʁa/ | mettra /mɛ.tʁa/ or/me.tʁa/ | mettrons /mɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or/me.tʁɔ̃/ | mettrez /mɛ.tʁe/ or/me.tʁe/ | mettront /mɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or/me.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | mettrais /mɛ.tʁɛ/ or/me.tʁɛ/ | mettrais /mɛ.tʁɛ/ or/me.tʁɛ/ | mettrait /mɛ.tʁɛ/ or/me.tʁɛ/ | mettrions /mɛ.tʁi.jɔ̃/ or/me.tʁi.jɔ̃/ | mettriez /mɛ.tʁi.je/ or/me.tʁi.je/ | mettraient /mɛ.tʁɛ/ or/me.tʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | mette /mɛt/ | mettes /mɛt/ | mette /mɛt/ | mettions /mɛ.tjɔ̃/ or/me.tjɔ̃/ | mettiez /mɛ.tje/ or/me.tje/ | mettent /mɛt/ |
| imperfect2 | misse /mis/ | misses /mis/ | mît /mi/ | missions /mi.sjɔ̃/ | missiez /mi.sje/ | missent /mis/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | mets /mɛ/ | — | mettons /mɛ.tɔ̃/ or/me.tɔ̃/ | mettez /mɛ.te/ or/me.te/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the prepositionen. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995],Master the Basics: French, pp.77,78,79,81). | |||||||
FromOld Frenchmetre, fromLatinmittō.
mettre
| infinitive | simple | mettre | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle1 orgerund2 | simple | mettant | |||||
| compound | present participle or gerund ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | mis | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | mets | mets | met | mettons | mettez | mettent |
| imperfect | mettois,mettoys | mettois,mettoys | mettoit,mettoyt | mettions | mettiez | mettoient,mettoyent | |
| past historic | mis | mis | mit | mismes | mistes | mirent | |
| future | mettroie,mettroye | mettras | mettra | mettrons | mettrez | mettront | |
| conditional | mettrois,mettroys | mettrois,mettroys | mettroit,mettroyt | mettrions | mettriez | mettroient,mettroyent | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | past historic ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | mette | mettes | mette | mettions | mettiez | menttent |
| imperfect | misse | misses | mist | missions | missiez | missent | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive ofavoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | mets | — | mettons | mettez | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | simple imperative ofavoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995],Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p.179). TheFrench Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
| 2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with prepositionen, as inModern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995],op. cit., p.180). | |||||||
FromOld Frenchmetre, fromLatinmittō, mittere.
mettre
