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meal

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:-meal

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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    FromMiddle Englishmel, fromOld Englishmǣl(“measure, time, occasion, set time, time for eating, meal”), fromProto-West Germanic*māl, fromProto-Germanic*mēlą, fromProto-Indo-European*meh₁-(“to measure”).

    Cognate withWest Frisianmiel,Dutchmaal(“meal, time, occurrence”),GermanMal(“time”),Mahl(“meal”),Norwegian Bokmålmål(“meal”),Swedishmål(“meal”); and (from Proto-Indo-European) withAncient Greekμέτρον(métron,“measure”),Latinmensus,Russianме́ра(méra,“measure”),Lithuanianmẽtas. Related toOld Englishmǣþ(“measure, degree, proportion”).

    Noun

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    meal (countable anduncountable,pluralmeals)

    A user suggests that this English entry be cleaned up, giving the reason:“Multiple issues:
    1. Correct quotes
    2. Move Middle English to an Middle English (enm) entry
    3. Possible search real New English citations for obsolete senses

    ”.

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    2. (countable)Food that is prepared andeaten, usually at a specific time, and usually in a comparatively large quantity.
      Coordinate term:snack(smaller quantity)
      Breakfast is the morningmeal, lunch is the noonmeal, and dinner, or supper, is the eveningmeal.
    3. (countable) Food served or eaten as arepast.
      • a1450, The Macro Playsː
        If thou wilt fare well at meat andmeal, come and follow me.
      • 1855 July 4,Walt Whitman, “[Song of Myself]”, inLeaves of Grass, Brooklyn, New York, N.Y.:[James and Andrew Rome],→OCLC,page25:
        This is themeal pleasantly set . . . . this is the meat and drink for natural hunger, / It is for the wicked just the same as the righteous . . . .
      • 2012 March-April, Anna Lena Phillips, “Sneaky Silk Moths”, inAmerican Scientist, volume100, number 2, page172:
        Last spring, the periodical cicadas emerged across eastern North America. Their vast numbers and short above-ground life spans inspired awe and irritation in humans—and made for goodmeals for birds and small mammals.
    4. (uncountable, informal) Abreak taken by apolice officer in order toeat.
      • 1994,Brooklyn Barrister, volume46, page13:
        They [tape recorders] can be turned off while officers are onmeal or in the car to protect their private conversations[…]
      • 2019, R. J. Noonan,In the Line of Fire:
        “I was onmeal when I heard the call on the radio and recognized the address. What the hell?”
    5. (countable, obsolete) Atime or anoccasion.
      • The Lamentation of the Virgin Mary (MS. Cantab., Ff. ii., 38, fol. 47.), in: 1847, Thomas Wright (editor),The Chester Plays: A Collection of Mysteries founded upon scriptural Subjects, and formerly represented by the Trades of Chester at Whitsuntide, vol. II, p.208f.:
        Ye wolde wepe at everymele;
        But for my sone wepe ye never a dele.
        You would weep at everymeal, but for my son you never weep a deal.
      • a1400?-a1470?, in: 1999/2006,The Governance of England: Otherwise called The Difference between an Absolute and a Limited Monarchy. By Sir John Fortescue. A Revised Text edited with Introduction, Notes, and Appendices by Charles Plummer,p. 132:
        […] by occasion whereoff thai woll than at everymele groche with the kinge […]
        […] by occasion whereof they will, then at everymeal, grouch with the king […]
      • a1450, Henry Lovelich,The History of the Holy Grailː
        Which was to them a sorrymeal.
      • a1450, Henry Lovelich,Merlinː
        Also soon as the dragons together feal, betwixt them shall begin a sorrymeal.
      • a1450, The York Playsː
        What mean ye.. to make mourning at ilk ameal?
      • 1481, William Caxton,Reynard the Foxː
        I shall do late you have so much that ten of you should not eat it at onemeal.
      • a1500, Alexander-Cassamus Fragmentː
        Of all the day throughout, keep I no bettermeal than on her to think.
      • c1500, In A Chyrchː
        Thou couth well weep at everymeal.
    Usage notes
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    • In the fourth sense,meal is afossil word and is usually found in the archaic/obsolete phrase "at every (ilk a) meal" meaning "on every occasion", compare also "at ilk a tide". It fell out of common usage in the late 15th century. Also, "at one meal" sometimes meantat a time,at once,at one time orin one go; see alsoGermanauf einmal(literally“upon one meal”). "To keep (the) meal" probably used to mean "to use/spend one's time". A "sorry meal" used to mean a "grim occasion" such as a fight, setback, mishap or some sort of other misfortune.
    • Meal, in the sense of "time" or "occasion", also survives in other set phrases, such aspiecemeal(“one piece at a time”),footmeal(“one foot at a time”),heapmeal(“in large numbers”) etc.
    Hyponyms
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    Derived terms
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    Translations
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    food that is prepared and eaten
    References
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    The Middle English Dictionary

    Etymology 2

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      FromMiddle Englishmele, fromOld Englishmelu(“meal, flour”), fromProto-West Germanic*melu, fromProto-Germanic*melwą(“meal, flour”), fromProto-Indo-European*melh₂-(“to grind, mill”).

      Cognates

      Cognate withWest Frisianmoal,Dutchmeel,GermanMehl,Albanianmiell,Proto-Slavic*melvo(“grain to be ground”) (Bulgarianмливо(mlivo)),Dutchmalen(“to grind”),Germanmahlen(“to grind”),Old Irishmelim(“I grind”),Latinmolō(“I grind”), Tocharian A/Bmalywët(“you press”)/melye(“they tread on”),Lithuanianmálti,Old Church Slavonicмлѣти(mlěti),Ancient Greekμύλη(múlē,“mill”). More atmill.

      Noun

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      meal (countable anduncountable,pluralmeals)

      2. Theground-up edible part of variousgrains, used as a basis offood orfeed; eitherflour or acoarser blend than flour(usage varies).
        Hyponyms:barleymeal,beremeal,cornmeal,oatmeal,maizemeal,ricemeal,wheatmeal;peameal,peasemeal,beanmeal;cottonseed meal;wholemeal;bread meal,cracker meal;(sometimes construed as coordinate)cornflour,pea flour,rice flour,rye flour,wheat flour
        Coordinate term:flour(precisely coordinate;broadly synonymous)
        • 2013 July-August,Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, inAmerican Scientist, volume101, number 4:
          Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame. With more settled people, animals were harnessed to capstans or caged in treadmills to turn grist intomeal.
      3. Any of various similarlygranular materials prepared from other sources, such asbones orwood.
        Hyponyms:bloodmeal,bonemeal,fishmeal,woodmeal
      4. Any of various othergranular orpowdery materials, eitherground by humans or occurring in nature, named figuratively after a resemblance to grain meal.
        Hyponyms:mountain meal,witch-meal
      Derived terms
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      Translations
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      coarse-ground edible part of various grains

      Verb

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      meal (third-person singular simple presentmeals,present participlemealing,simple past and past participlemealed)

      1. (intransitive, obsolete) To yield or be plentiful in meal.
        • 1876,Notes and Queries, page73:
          Of course the yield of grain was small, but much greater than could have been expected; and, the ears being well filled, itmealed well. The pastures were burnt up, so that there was nothing left for the cattle to eat.

      Etymology 3

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      Variation ofmole (compareScotsmail), fromMiddle Englishmole,mool, fromOld Englishmāl,mǣl(“spot, mark, blemish”), fromProto-Germanic*mailą(“wrinkle, spot”), fromProto-Indo-European*mey-(“to soil”). More atmole.

      Noun

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      meal (pluralmeals)

      1. (UK dialectal) Aspeck orspot.
      2. A part; a fragment; a portion.

      Verb

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      meal (third-person singular simple presentmeals,present participlemealing,simple past and past participlemealed)

      1. (transitive) Todefile ortaint.

      Anagrams

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      Aromanian

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      Alternative forms

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      Etymology

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      FromAlbanianmal,[1] cognate toAromanianmal andRomanianmal with the same origin.

      Noun

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      meal n (pluralmealuri)

      1. steep,scarped shore region
      2. (figurative)boondocks

      References

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      1. ^Namenforschung / Name Studies / Les noms propres. 1. Halbband. 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms, S. 718.

      Irish

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      Verb

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      meal (present analyticmealann,future analyticmealfaidh,verbal nounmealadh,past participlemealta)

      1. alternative form ofmeil(“to grind”)

      Conjugation

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      Conjugation ofmeal (first conjugation – A)
      indicativesingularpluraldirect relativeautonomous
      firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
      presentmealaimmealann tú;
      mealair†      		mealann sé, símealaimid;mealann muidmealann sibhmealann siad;
      mealaid†      		amhealann; amhealasmealtar
      pastmheal mé;mhealasmheal tú;mhealaismheal sé, símhealamar;mheal muidmheal sibh;mhealabhairmheal siad;mhealadaramhealmealadh
      past habitualmhealainn /
      mealainn‡      		mhealtá /
      mealtᇠ     		mhealadh sé, sí /
      mealadh sé, sí‡      		mhealaimis;mhealadh muid /
      mealaimis‡;mealadh muid‡      		mhealadh sibh /
      mealadh sibh‡      		mhealaidís;mhealadh siad /
      mealaidís‡;mealadh siad‡      		amhealadhmhealtaí /
      mealtaí‡
      singularpluraldirect relativeautonomous
      firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
      futuremealfaidh mé;
      mealfad      		mealfaidh tú;
      mealfair†      		mealfaidh sé, símealfaimid;
      mealfaidh muid      		mealfaidh sibhmealfaidh siad;
      mealfaid†      		amhealfaidh; amhealfasmealfar
      conditionalmhealfainn /
      mealfainn‡      		mhealfá /
      mealfᇠ     		mhealfadh sé, sí /
      mealfadh sé, sí‡      		mhealfaimis;mhealfadh muid /
      mealfaimis‡;mealfadh muid‡      		mhealfadh sibh /
      mealfadh sibh‡      		mhealfaidís;mhealfadh siad /
      mealfaidís‡;mealfadh siad‡      		amhealfadhmhealfaí /
      mealfaí‡
      subjunctivesingularpluraldirect relativeautonomous
      firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
      presentgomeala mé;
      gomealad†      		gomeala tú;
      gomealair†      		gomeala sé, sígomealaimid;
      gomeala muid      		gomeala sibhgomeala siad;
      gomealaid†      		—gomealtar
      pastdámealainndámealtádámealadh sé, sídámealaimis;
      dámealadh muid      		dámealadh sibhdámealaidís;
      dámealadh siad      		—dámealtaí
      imperativesingularpluraldirect relativeautonomous
      firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
      —mealaimmealmealadh sé, símealaimismealaigí;
      mealaidh†      		mealaidís—mealtar
      past participlemealta
      verbal nounmealadh

      † archaic or dialect form
      ‡ dependent form

      Mutation

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      Mutated forms ofmeal
      radicallenitioneclipsis
      mealmhealnot applicable

      Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
      All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

      Northern Kurdish

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      Noun

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      meal ?

      1. meaning

      Romansh

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      Noun

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      meal m

      1. (Sutsilvan)alternative form ofmel(“honey”)

      Scottish Gaelic

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      Etymology

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      FromMiddle Irishmelaid(“to consume”), fromOld Irishmelaid(“to grind”), fromProto-Celtic*meleti(“to grind”), fromProto-Indo-European*melh₂-.Doublet ofmeil.

      Pronunciation

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      Verb

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      meal (pastmheal,futuremealaidh,verbal nounmealadhormealtainn,past participlemealte)

      1. enjoy

      Synonyms

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      Derived terms

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