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mara

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:Appendix:Variations of "mara"

Languages (49)

English

Afar • 'Are'are • Baagandji • Balinese • Bambara • Bikol Central • Cypriot Arabic • Dieri • Esperanto • Fijian • Finnish • Gamilaraay • Guinea-Bissau Creole • Icelandic • Indonesian • Irish • Japanese • Javanese • Juba Arabic • Kaurna • Laz • Makasar • Maltese • Mangarevan • Maori • Mapudungun • Maranao • Martuthunira • Ngarla • Ngiyambaa • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Nyunga • Old English • Old Norse • Pali • Panyjima • Papiamentu • Polish • Portuguese • Rapa Nui • Scottish Gaelic • Spanish • Sundanese • Swahili • Swedish • Welsh • Yámana

Page categories

English

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WOTD – 4 November 2013,4 November 2014

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈmɑːɹə/
- Audio(Southern England): (file)
Rhymes:-ɑːɹə

Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromOld Norsemara, fromProto-Germanic*marǭ, cognate withOld Englishmare ormære.Doublet ofmare. Seenightmare.

Noun

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mara (pluralmaras)

(European folklore) Anightmare; aspectre orwraith-like creature inGermanic and particularlyScandinavianfolklore; a female demon who torments people in sleep by crouching on their chests or stomachs, or by causing terrifying visions.
- 1996, Catharina Raudvere, “Now you see her, now you don't: some notes on the conception of female shape-shifters in Scandinavian traditions”, in Sandra Billington, Miranda Green, editors,The Concept of the Goddess, pages41–55:
  The corpus of related texts tells us that within rural society it was not improbable for your neighbour's envy of your fine cattle to take the form of amara.

Translations

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(folklore) a nightmare; spectre or wraith-like creature

Armenian:խիպիլիկ (hy)(xipilik),ալք (hy)(alkʻ)
Danish:mare (da) c(creature),mareridt (da) n(nightmare)
German:Mahr (de) m,Nachtmahr (de) m,Alb (de) m
Russian:ма́ра (ru) f(mára)
Swedish:mara (sv) c
Vilamovian:ołp m

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromSanskritमार(māra).

Noun

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mara (pluralmaras)

(Buddhism) Atype ofgod thatpreventsaccomplishment orsuccess.
- 2011, Graham Woodhouse,Lobsang Gyatso,Tsongkhapa's Praise for Dependent Relativity‎^[1], Wisdom Publications, page20:
  Mara means demon, or demonic influence, that hinders the practice of virtue. It may be an external spirit or an aspect of our own imperfect condition. All hindrances on the path to liberation are subsumed under thefourmaras. The firstmara is themara of the aggregates.[…]The second of the maras is themara of the afflictions, which are the same as the afflictive obstructions. They are identified as amara because they precipitate all harmful actions, from malicious gossip to murder.[…]The thirdmara is Devaputra, literally "son of a god," an external troublemaker who specializes in interfering with beings who are endeavoring to achieve something positive.[…]The lastmara is themara of death.
(Buddhism) Anymalicious orevilspirit.
- 2002, Sarvananda Bluestone,The World Dream Book, page73:
  Themara is the spirit that causes illness, accidents, and mishaps. The only protection against it is anothermara who befriends a person or a group. Amara who becomes friendly is called agunik. This transformation occurs when amara comes to a person in a dream and states a desire to be friendly. But there are deceitfulmaras who pretend to be friendly, yet will betray the person who trusts them.

Related terms

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Mara

Translations

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Buddhism: god preventing accomplishment or success

Japanese:魔羅 (ja)(mara)

Buddhism: a malicious or evil spirit

Burmese:မာရ်နတ် (my)(marnat),မာရ် (my)(mar)
Chinese:
Mandarin:天魔 (zh)(tiānmó),魔羅 /魔罗 (zh)(móluó)
Japanese:魔羅 (ja)(mara)
Khmer:មារ (km)(miə)
Sinhalese:මාරයා(mārayā)
Thai:มาร (th)(maan)

Etymology 3

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From New WorldSpanishmara.

Patagonian mara (*Dolichotis patagonum*)

Noun

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mara (pluralmaras)

Anycaviidrodent of the genusDolichotis, common in thePatagoniansteppes of Argentina.
- 1999, Michael A. Mares, editor,Encyclopedia of Deserts‎^[2],Mara, page349:
  Maras have a white patch of fur on the rump that they flash when running, an adaptation they share with several species of deer and antelopes.
- 2011, Terry A. Vaughan, James M. Ryan, Nicholas J. Czaplewski,Mammalogy, 5th edition, page228:
  Although onlyDolichotis, the Patagonianmara, is strongly cursorial, all caviids have certain features typical of cursorial mammals[…].
- 2013, R. L. Honeycutt, “Chapter 3: Phylogenetics of Caviomorph Rodents and Genetic Perspectives on the Evolution of Sociality and Mating Systems in the Caviidae”, in José Roberto Moreira, Katia Maria P.M.B. Ferraz, Emilio A. Herrera, David W. Macdonald, editors,Capybara: Biology, Use and Conservation of an Exceptional Neotropical Species‎^[3], page70:
  Maras (Dolichotis patagonum) are cursorial and prefer open areas with low vegetation for breeding and more barren sites for construction of communal dens (Taber and Macdonald 1992; Baldi 2007).

Derived terms

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Translations

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caviid rodent

References

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mara (mammal) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Dolichotis on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
Category:Dolichotis on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

Anagrams

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Rāma,Rama,ARMA,-rama,maar,amra,Aram,Amar

Afar

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Etymology 1

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Possibly related toArabicمَرْء(marʔ,“man”) andAkkadian𒌉(mārum,“son”).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈmara/ [ˈmʌɾʌ]
Hyphenation:ma‧ra

Noun

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mára m

(incompounds)people
- Saytun Qhuraan kee kay maqnah tarjamaty Qafar afal tani [The clear Qur'an and its explanation translated into the Afar language]‎^[4], Suurat Al-Faatica, verse 3:
  Ummaan ginoh Fulte Racmatta leeh, yeemenemarah Gunê Racmatta-le Rabbi kinni.
  He [who] surpasses the mercy of every creation, he is the God who gives mercyto the believingpeople.
(Northern dialects, incompounds)living

Declension

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Declension ofmára

absolutive	mára
predicative	mára
subjective	marí
genitive	marín

Postpositioned forms
l-case	máral
k-case	márak
t-case	márat
h-case	márah

Derived terms

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baddi mára

Related terms

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maré(“to live; family”)

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /maˈra/ [mʌˈɾʌ]
Hyphenation:ma‧ra

Verb

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mara

first/third-personmasculine singular affirmative imperfective ofmaré

References

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E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “màra”, inAn Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London,→ISBN
Marie-Claude Simeone-Senelle; Mohamed Hassan Kamil (August 2013), “Gender, Number and Agreement in Afar (Cushitic language)”, in43th Colloquium on African Languages and Linguistics‎^[5], Leiden: Leiden University

'Are'are

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Verb

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mara

beashamed

References

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Kateřina Naitoro,A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

Baagandji

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Etymology

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FromProto-Pama-Nyungan*mara.

Noun

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mara

hand

Balinese

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /marə/
Hyphenation:ma‧ra

Etymology 1

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Unknown.

Adjective

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mara (Balinese scriptᬫᬭ)

new,recent
Synonym:bau

Etymology 2

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FromSanskritमार(māra,“death, killing, obstacle, hindrance”).

Noun

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mara (Balinese scriptᬫᬵᬭ)

danger

Bambara

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Noun

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mara (tonemàra)

Derived terms

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Verb

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mara

Bikol Central

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*maja. CompareMaranaomara,Yogadmaga,Cebuanomaa andTetummaran.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /maˈɾa/ [maˈɾa]
Hyphenation:ma‧ra

Adjective

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mará (pluralmarara,Basahan spellingᜋᜍ)

(Partido, Tabaco–Legazpi–Sorsogon)dry;arid
Synonym:alang
Antonyms:basa,dumog

Derived terms

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Cypriot Arabic

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Borg, Alexander (2004),A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies;I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill,page426

Dieri

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Etymology

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FromProto-Pama-Nyungan*mara.

Noun

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mara

hand

Esperanto

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Etymology

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Frommaro +‎-a.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈmara/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-ara
Hyphenation: mar‧a

Adjective

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mara (accusative singularmaran,pluralmaraj,accusative pluralmarajn)

sea(attributively)(of or relating to the sea)

Fijian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Oceanic*mara(“to spoil, to go foul (of food)”).

Noun

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mara

stench of a corpse
resting place of a deceased chief

Related terms

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madra

References

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Gatty, Ronald (2009), “mara”, inFijian-English Dictionary, Suva, Fiji: Ronald Gatty,→ISBN, page157
Ross, Malcolm D.; Pawley, Andrew; Osmond, Meredith (1998),The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic, volume 1: Material Culture, Canberra: Australian National University,→ISBN, pages158-9

Finnish

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈmɑrɑ/,[ˈmɑ̝rɑ̝]
Rhymes:-ɑrɑ
Syllabification^(key):ma‧ra
Hyphenation^(key):ma‧ra

Etymology 1

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*Painajainen* ("Nightmare"; "Nachtmahr" in German), a painting of amara, by Johann Heinrich Füssli, 1781

Borrowed into Western Finnish dialects fromSwedishmara, which is a demon that sits on the chest of a sleeping person and causes bad dreams. This demon is known by similar names among Germanic peoples and lives inEnglishnightmare, inSwedishmardröm(“nightmare”) and inGermanNachtmahr(“nightmare”), among others.

Noun

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mara

(folklore)nightmare,mara(demon that causes bad dreams)
Synonym:painajainen

Declension

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Inflection ofmara (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		mara	marat
genitive		maran	marojen
partitive		maraa	maroja
illative		maraan	maroihin
		singular	plural
nominative		mara	marat
accusative	nom.	mara	marat
accusative	gen.	maran	marat
genitive		maran	marojen marain^rare
partitive		maraa	maroja
inessive		marassa	maroissa
elative		marasta	maroista
illative		maraan	maroihin
adessive		maralla	maroilla
ablative		maralta	maroilta
allative		maralle	maroille
essive		marana	maroina
translative		maraksi	maroiksi
abessive		maratta	maroitta
instructive		—	maroin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms ofmara(Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		marani	marani
accusative	nom.	marani	marani
accusative	gen.	marani	marani
genitive		marani	marojeni maraini^rare
partitive		maraani	marojani
inessive		marassani	maroissani
elative		marastani	maroistani
illative		maraani	maroihini
adessive		marallani	maroillani
ablative		maraltani	maroiltani
allative		maralleni	maroilleni
essive		maranani	maroinani
translative		marakseni	maroikseni
abessive		marattani	maroittani
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	maroineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		marasi	marasi
accusative	nom.	marasi	marasi
accusative	gen.	marasi	marasi
genitive		marasi	marojesi maraisi^rare
partitive		maraasi	marojasi
inessive		marassasi	maroissasi
elative		marastasi	maroistasi
illative		maraasi	maroihisi
adessive		marallasi	maroillasi
ablative		maraltasi	maroiltasi
allative		marallesi	maroillesi
essive		maranasi	maroinasi
translative		maraksesi	maroiksesi
abessive		marattasi	maroittasi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	maroinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		maramme	maramme
accusative	nom.	maramme	maramme
accusative	gen.	maramme	maramme
genitive		maramme	marojemme maraimme^rare
partitive		maraamme	marojamme
inessive		marassamme	maroissamme
elative		marastamme	maroistamme
illative		maraamme	maroihimme
adessive		marallamme	maroillamme
ablative		maraltamme	maroiltamme
allative		marallemme	maroillemme
essive		maranamme	maroinamme
translative		maraksemme	maroiksemme
abessive		marattamme	maroittamme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	maroinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		maranne	maranne
accusative	nom.	maranne	maranne
accusative	gen.	maranne	maranne
genitive		maranne	marojenne marainne^rare
partitive		maraanne	marojanne
inessive		marassanne	maroissanne
elative		marastanne	maroistanne
illative		maraanne	maroihinne
adessive		marallanne	maroillanne
ablative		maraltanne	maroiltanne
allative		marallenne	maroillenne
essive		marananne	maroinanne
translative		maraksenne	maroiksenne
abessive		marattanne	maroittanne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	maroinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		maransa	maransa
accusative	nom.	maransa	maransa
accusative	gen.	maransa	maransa
genitive		maransa	marojensa marainsa^rare
partitive		maraansa	marojaan marojansa
inessive		marassaan marassansa	maroissaan maroissansa
elative		marastaan marastansa	maroistaan maroistansa
illative		maraansa	maroihinsa
adessive		marallaan marallansa	maroillaan maroillansa
ablative		maraltaan maraltansa	maroiltaan maroiltansa
allative		maralleen marallensa	maroilleen maroillensa
essive		maranaan maranansa	maroinaan maroinansa
translative		marakseen maraksensa	maroikseen maroiksensa
abessive		marattaan marattansa	maroittaan maroittansa
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	maroineen maroinensa

Etymology 2

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FromSpanishmará.

Noun

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mara

mara(hare-like South American rodent of thegenusDolichotis)

Declension

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Inflection ofmara (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		mara	marat
genitive		maran	marojen
partitive		maraa	maroja
illative		maraan	maroihin
		singular	plural
nominative		mara	marat
accusative	nom.	mara	marat
accusative	gen.	maran	marat
genitive		maran	marojen marain^rare
partitive		maraa	maroja
inessive		marassa	maroissa
elative		marasta	maroista
illative		maraan	maroihin
adessive		maralla	maroilla
ablative		maralta	maroilta
allative		maralle	maroille
essive		marana	maroina
translative		maraksi	maroiksi
abessive		maratta	maroitta
instructive		—	maroin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms ofmara(Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		marani	marani
accusative	nom.	marani	marani
accusative	gen.	marani	marani
genitive		marani	marojeni maraini^rare
partitive		maraani	marojani
inessive		marassani	maroissani
elative		marastani	maroistani
illative		maraani	maroihini
adessive		marallani	maroillani
ablative		maraltani	maroiltani
allative		maralleni	maroilleni
essive		maranani	maroinani
translative		marakseni	maroikseni
abessive		marattani	maroittani
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	maroineni

second-person singular possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		marasi	marasi
accusative	nom.	marasi	marasi
accusative	gen.	marasi	marasi
genitive		marasi	marojesi maraisi^rare
partitive		maraasi	marojasi
inessive		marassasi	maroissasi
elative		marastasi	maroistasi
illative		maraasi	maroihisi
adessive		marallasi	maroillasi
ablative		maraltasi	maroiltasi
allative		marallesi	maroillesi
essive		maranasi	maroinasi
translative		maraksesi	maroiksesi
abessive		marattasi	maroittasi
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	maroinesi

first-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		maramme	maramme
accusative	nom.	maramme	maramme
accusative	gen.	maramme	maramme
genitive		maramme	marojemme maraimme^rare
partitive		maraamme	marojamme
inessive		marassamme	maroissamme
elative		marastamme	maroistamme
illative		maraamme	maroihimme
adessive		marallamme	maroillamme
ablative		maraltamme	maroiltamme
allative		marallemme	maroillemme
essive		maranamme	maroinamme
translative		maraksemme	maroiksemme
abessive		marattamme	maroittamme
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	maroinemme

second-person plural possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		maranne	maranne
accusative	nom.	maranne	maranne
accusative	gen.	maranne	maranne
genitive		maranne	marojenne marainne^rare
partitive		maraanne	marojanne
inessive		marassanne	maroissanne
elative		marastanne	maroistanne
illative		maraanne	maroihinne
adessive		marallanne	maroillanne
ablative		maraltanne	maroiltanne
allative		marallenne	maroillenne
essive		marananne	maroinanne
translative		maraksenne	maroiksenne
abessive		marattanne	maroittanne
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	maroinenne

third-person possessor
		singular	plural
nominative		maransa	maransa
accusative	nom.	maransa	maransa
accusative	gen.	maransa	maransa
genitive		maransa	marojensa marainsa^rare
partitive		maraansa	marojaan marojansa
inessive		marassaan marassansa	maroissaan maroissansa
elative		marastaan marastansa	maroistaan maroistansa
illative		maraansa	maroihinsa
adessive		marallaan marallansa	maroillaan maroillansa
ablative		maraltaan maraltansa	maroiltaan maroiltansa
allative		maralleen marallensa	maroilleen maroillensa
essive		maranaan maranansa	maroinaan maroinansa
translative		marakseen maraksensa	maroikseen maroiksensa
abessive		marattaan marattansa	maroittaan maroittansa
instructive		—	—
comitative		—	maroineen maroinensa

Derived terms

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compounds

Anagrams

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maar

Gamilaraay

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Alternative forms

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mārā,márá,murra,mŭrră

Etymology

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FromProto-Central New South Wales*mara, fromProto-Pama-Nyungan*mara.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /maɻa/

Noun

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mara

Quotations

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1856, William Ridley, “On the Kamilaroi Tribe of Australians and Their Dialect”, inJournal of the Ethnological Society of London, volume 4:
Hand . . .mārā
Fingers . .mŭrră.
(pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
1856, William Ridley,gurre kamilaroi, or Kamilaroi Sayings:
immanuelmurra kawāni miedul, goe, “miēdūl waria.”
Immanuel by hand took the girl, said “damsel arise”.
(pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
1873, William Ridley,Australian Languages and Traditions, inThe Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, volume 2:
Hand|murra
1903, R. H. Mathews,Languages of the Kamilaroi and Other Aboriginal Tribes of New South Wales, inThe Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, volume 33:
Hand .... ....|murra

References

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Barry Alpher (2004), “Proto-Pama-Nyungan Etyma”, in Claire Bowern, Harold Koch, editors,Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, Amsterdam: John Benjamins,→ISBN, section 5.1, pages456–9
Peter Austin (1993) A Reference Grammar of Gamilaraay, northern New South Wales (Thesis)‎^[6], Melbourne, Australia: La Trobe University, Department of Linguistics,→ISBN

Guinea-Bissau Creole

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Etymology

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FromPortugueseamarrar. Cognate withKabuverdianumára.

Verb

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mara

totie

Icelandic

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Etymology 1

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Verb

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mara (weak verb,third-person singular past indicativemaraði,supinemarað)

tofloat under thesurface

Conjugation

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*mara* – active voice(*germynd*)
		present nútíð	past þátíð	present nútíð	past þátíð
infinitivenafnháttur		aðmara
supinesagnbót		marað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		marandi

		indicative framsöguháttur		subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
singular	ég	mara	maraði	mari	maraði
	þú	marar	maraðir	marir	maraðir
	hann, hún, það	marar	maraði	mari	maraði
plural	við	mörum	möruðum	mörum	möruðum
	þið	marið	möruðuð	marið	möruðuð
	þeir, þær, þau	mara	möruðu	mari	möruðu

		imperativeboðháttur
singular	þú	mara (þú),maraðu
plural	þið	marið (þið),mariði¹

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

*marast* – mediopassive voice(*miðmynd*)
		present nútíð	past þátíð	present nútíð	past þátíð
infinitivenafnháttur		aðmarast
supinesagnbót		marast
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		marandist(rare; seeappendix)

		indicative framsöguháttur		subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
singular	ég	marast	maraðist	marist	maraðist
	þú	marast	maraðist	marist	maraðist
	hann, hún, það	marast	maraðist	marist	maraðist
plural	við	mörumst	möruðumst	mörumst	möruðumst
	þið	marist	möruðust	marist	möruðust
	þeir, þær, þau	marast	möruðust	marist	möruðust

		imperativeboðháttur
singular	þú	marast (þú),marastu
plural	þið	marist (þið),maristi¹

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

*maraður* — past participle(lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular(eintala)			plural(fleirtala)
strong declension (sterk beyging)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	maraður	möruð	marað	maraðir	maraðar	möruð
accusative (þolfall)	maraðan	maraða	marað	maraða	maraðar	möruð
dative (þágufall)	möruðum	maraðri	möruðu	möruðum	möruðum	möruðum
genitive (eignarfall)	maraðs	maraðrar	maraðs	maraðra	maraðra	maraðra

weak declension (veik beyging)	singular(eintala)			plural(fleirtala)
weak declension (veik beyging)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	maraði	maraða	maraða	möruðu	möruðu	möruðu
accusative (þolfall)	maraða	möruðu	maraða	möruðu	möruðu	möruðu
dative (þágufall)	maraða	möruðu	maraða	möruðu	möruðu	möruðu
genitive (eignarfall)	maraða	möruðu	maraða	möruðu	möruðu	möruðu

Etymology 2

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

mara f (genitive singularmöru,nominative pluralmörur)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out andadd a translation, then remove the text{{rfdef}}.

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofmara (feminine)
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	mara	maran	mörur	mörurnar
accusative	möru	möruna	mörur	mörurnar
dative	möru	mörunni	mörum	mörunum
genitive	möru	mörunnar	mara	maranna

Indonesian

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): [ˈma.ra]
Hyphenation:ma‧ra

Etymology 1

[edit]

Inherited fromMalayمارا(mara), fromSanskritमार(māra,“slaughter, destruction”).

Noun

[edit]

mara (pluralmara-mara)

calamity,danger
Synonyms:bahala,bahaya,bala,bencana,cobaan,dakiat,keapesan,kecelakaan,kegagalan,kemaharan,kemalangan,kemudaratan,kerugian,kesialan,malapetaka,mara

Synonyms

[edit]

Derived terms

[edit]

bermara

mara bahaya

Etymology 2

[edit]

Borrowed fromJavaneseꦩꦫ(mara,“to come, to approach”).

Verb

[edit]

mara

togo
toadvance, to move forward.
toapproach.

Derived terms

[edit]

Etymology 3

[edit]

FromSanskritकोट(koṭa,“fort, shed, hut”) +‎मार(māra,“killing, destroying”).

Noun

[edit]

mara (pluralmara-mara)

synonym ofkotamara(“a kind of naval defensive structure”)
synonym ofsangga mara

Etymology 4

[edit]

Borrowed fromCoastal Konjo[Term?] orHighland Konjo[Term?].

Noun

[edit]

mara (pluralmara-mara)

(zoology)Limacodidae

Etymology 5

[edit]

Unknown

Noun

[edit]

mara (pluralmara-mara)

(botany)parasol leaf tree,blush macaranga,nasturtium tree,David's heart,heart leaf (Macaranga tanarius)

Irish

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): [ˈmˠaɾˠə]

Noun

[edit]

mara f

inflection ofmuir(“sea”):
1. genitive singular
2. plural

Conjunction

[edit]

mara

Cois Fharraige form ofmura(“if... not, unless”)

Mutation

[edit]

Mutated forms ofmara
radical	lenition	eclipsis
mara	mhara	not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Japanese

[edit]

Romanization

[edit]

mara

Rōmaji transcription ofまら

Javanese

[edit]

Romanization

[edit]

mara

romanization ofꦩꦫ

Juba Arabic

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈmaɾa/,[ˈma.ɾa]

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromSudanese Arabicمرة(mara), fromArabicمَرْأَة(marʔa).

Noun

[edit]

mara (pluralniswaan)

Etymology 2

[edit]

FromArabicمَرَّة(marra).

Noun

[edit]

mara (pluralmaraat)

time(instance or occurrence)
Mara wahid ―Once (literally, “Onetime”)

References

[edit]

Ian Smith; Morris Timothy Ama (1985),A Dictionary of Juba Arabic & English‎^[7], 1st edition, Juba: The Committee of The Juba Cheshire Home and Centre for Handicapped Children, page156

Kaurna

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Pama-Nyungan*mara.

Noun

[edit]

mara

hand

Derived terms

[edit]

marawardli(“palm”)
marawaka(“cupped hands”)

Laz

[edit]

Conjunction

[edit]

mara

Latin spelling ofმარა(mara)

Makasar

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromProto-South Sulawesi*ma(zr)a, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*maja(“dry up, evaporate”)

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈmara/,[ˈma.ra]
Hyphenation:ma‧ra

Root

[edit]

mara (Lontara spellingᨆᨑ)

precategorial root expressing dry or lacking moisture

Affixations

[edit]

Maltese

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromArabicاِمْرَأة(imraʔa,“woman; wife”). Formally, a backformation from the latter’s definite formاَلْمَرْأة(al-marʔa) as in most modern Arabic dialects.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈma.ra/
Rhymes:-ara

Noun

[edit]

mara f (construct statemartor(archaic)mrat,pluralnisa,masculineraġelorżewġ)

woman
- 2023, Keith Borg,magħġuna fit-tbenġil, Ede Books,→ISBN:
  kull skuża
  f’soċjetà kkankrata
  li ma tridx taf b’mara
  sakemm m’hemmx kwota
  li ma tridx taf b’mara
  sakemm ma tridx tivvota
  (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
wife
- 1966,Anton Buttigieg, “Agnes”, inEjjew Nidħku Ftit Ieħor:
  Miexja fil-funeral ta’ kuġintha
  mart it-tabib, li mietet fl-aħjar tagħha;
  u f’moħħha ħsieb għaddej li t-tabib jista’
  kif jgħaddi ftit taż-żmien, jitgħarras magħha.
  (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)
female (of an animal)

Inflection

[edit]

Inflection ofmara
		singular		plural
		m	f	plural
singular	1^st person	marti		martna
	2^nd person	martek		martkom
	3^rd person	martu	martha	marthom

Inflection ofmara
		singular		plural
		m	f	plural
singular	1^st person	mrati		mratna
	2^nd person	mratek		mratkom
	3^rd person	mratu	mratha	mrathom

Derived terms

[edit]

Mangarevan

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Polynesian*mala, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*malaŋ.

Verb

[edit]

mara

(stative) beunhappy,dispirited

Maori

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Oceanic*mara (“to spoil, to go foul [of food]” – compare withTonganmā “breadfruit preserve, Western bread”,Samoanmala “soft [of food]”,Fijianmara “stench of a corpse”,Satawalesemar “breadfruit preserve”).^[1]^[2]

Adjective

[edit]

mara

(of food) preserved esp. by prolonged steeping under running water until softened

Derived terms

[edit]

whakamara

Related terms

[edit]

References

[edit]

^Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “mara”, in “POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online”, inOceanic Linguistics, volume50, number 2, pages551-559
^Ross, Malcolm D.; Pawley, Andrew; Osmond, Meredith (1998),The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic, volume 1: Material Culture, Canberra: Australian National University,→ISBN, pages158-9

Mapudungun

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

mara(Raguileo spelling)

References

[edit]

Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Maranao

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Akin toTetummaran.

Adjective

[edit]

mara

Martuthunira

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Ngayarda*mara, fromProto-Pama-Nyungan*mara.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /maɻa/

Noun

[edit]

mara

hand

References

[edit]

Barry Alpher (2004), “Proto-Pama-Nyungan Etyma”, in Claire Bowern, Harold Koch, editors,Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, Amsterdam: John Benjamins,→ISBN, section 5.1, pages456–9
Dench, Alan Charles. 1995.Martuthunira: A Language of the Pilbara Region of Western Australia. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. Series C-125.

Ngarla

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Pama-Nyungan*mara.

Noun

[edit]

mara

hand

References

[edit]

Westerlund, T. (2007).A grammatical sketch of Ngarla: A language of Western Australia. Uppsala University.

Ngiyambaa

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Pama-Nyungan*mara.

Noun

[edit]

mara

hand

Norwegian Bokmål

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

maren m

Noun

[edit]

mara f

definite singular ofmare

Norwegian Nynorsk

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

mara f (definite singularmara,indefinite pluralmarerormaror,definite pluralmareneormarone)

(pre-2012)alternative form ofmare
definite singular ofmare

Verb

[edit]

mara (present tensemarar,past tensemara,past participlemara,passive infinitivemarast,present participlemarande,imperativemara/mar)

alternative form ofmare

Anagrams

[edit]

amar,arma

Nyunga

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

marra
maar(eastern dialect)

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Pama-Nyungan*mara.

Noun

[edit]

mara

(northern dialect)hand

Old English

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-West Germanic*maiʀō.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈmɑːrɑ/

Adjective

[edit]

māra

comparative degree ofmiċel:more
greater
- c. 992,Ælfric,"Midlent Sunday"
  Māre wundor is þæt God Ælmihtig ǣlce dæġ fēt ealne middangeard,...
  Agreater miracle it is that God Almighty every day feeds all the world,...

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofmāra — Weak only

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	māra	māre	māre
Accusative	māran	māran	māre
Genitive	māran	māran	māran
Dative	māran	māran	māran
Instrumental	māran	māran	māran
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	māran	māran	māran
Accusative	māran	māran	māran
Genitive	mārra,mārena	mārra,mārena	mārra,mārena
Dative	mārum	mārum	mārum
Instrumental	mārum	mārum	mārum

Descendants

[edit]

Middle English:more,mare,moore
- English:more
- Geordie:mair
- Scots:mair
- Yola:more,mo'

Old Norse

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

FromProto-Germanic*marǭ.

Noun

[edit]

mara f (genitivemǫru)

nightmare,incubus

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofmara (weakōn-stem)
feminine	singular		plural
feminine	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	mara	maran	mǫrur	mǫrurnar
accusative	mǫru	mǫruna	mǫrur	mǫrurnar
dative	mǫru	mǫrunni	mǫrum	mǫrunum
genitive	mǫru	mǫrunnar	marna	marnanna

Descendants

[edit]

Danish:mare c
Icelandic:mara f
Norwegian Nynorsk:mare f
Norwegian Bokmål:mare m or f
Swedish:mara c

Etymology 2

[edit]

Probably related tomarr m(“sea”).

Verb

[edit]

mara

to bewaterlogged, float low in the water
marði þá undir þeim skipit

Conjugation

[edit]

Conjugation ofmara — active (weak class 3)
	present	past	present	past
infinitive	mara
present participle	marandi
past participle	maraðr

	indicative		subjunctive
1st person singular	mari	marða	mara	merða
2nd person singular	marir	marðir	marir	merðir
3rd person singular	marir	marði	mari	merði
1st person plural	mǫrum	mǫrðum	marim	merðim
2nd person plural	marið	mǫrðuð	marið	merðið
3rd person plural	mara	mǫrðu	mari	merði

imperative	present
2nd person singular	mar
1st person plural	mǫrum
2nd person plural	marið

Conjugation ofmara — mediopassive (weak class 3)
	present	past	present	past
infinitive	marask
present participle	marandisk
past participle	marazk

	indicative		subjunctive
1st person singular	mǫrumk	mǫrðumk	marumk	merðumk
2nd person singular	marisk	marðisk	marisk	merðisk
3rd person singular	marisk	marðisk	marisk	merðisk
1st person plural	mǫrumsk	mǫrðumsk	marimsk	merðimsk
2nd person plural	marizk	mǫrðuzk	marizk	merðizk
3rd person plural	marask	mǫrðusk	marisk	merðisk

imperative	present
2nd person singular	marsk
1st person plural	mǫrumsk
2nd person plural	marizk

Etymology 3

[edit]

See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Noun

[edit]

mara

genitive plural ofmarr
genitive plural ofmarr

Pali

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Alternative scripts

𑀫𑀭(Brahmi script)
मर(Devanagari script)
মর(Bengali script)
මර(Sinhalese script)
မရ(Burmese script)
มร orมะระ(Thai script)
ᨾᩁ(Tai Tham script)
ມຣ orມະຣະ(Lao script)
មរ(Khmer script)
𑄟𑄢(Chakma script)

Verb

[edit]

mara

second-person singular imperative active ofmarati(“to die”)

Panyjima

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Ngayarda*mara, fromProto-Pama-Nyungan*mara.

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /maɻa/

Noun

[edit]

mara

hand

References

[edit]

Barry Alpher (2004), “Proto-Pama-Nyungan Etyma”, in Claire Bowern, Harold Koch, editors,Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, Amsterdam: John Benjamins,→ISBN, section 5.1, pages456–9
Dench, Alan. 1991. ‘Panyjima’. R.M.W. Dixon, Barry J. Blake (eds.)The Handbook of Australian Languages, Volume 4. Melbourne: Oxford University Press Australia, 125–244.

Papiamentu

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromPortugueseamarrar andSpanishamarrar andKabuverdianumára.

The Portuguese word comes fromDutchaanmeren.

Verb

[edit]

mara

totie

Polish

[edit]

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:

Mare_(folklore)

Wikipedia

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈma.ra/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-ara
Syllabification:ma‧ra

Etymology 1

[edit]

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*mara. CompareEnglishmare,GermanMahr.

Noun

[edit]

mara f

(literary) Adream,nightmare.
(Slavic mythology) A creature believed to drain sleeping people of their blood or energy;wight,mare.

Declension

[edit]

Declension ofmara

	singular	plural
nominative	mara	mary
genitive	mary	mar
dative	marze	marom
accusative	marę	mary
instrumental	marą	marami
locative	marze	marach
vocative	maro	mary

Descendants

[edit]

→ Belarusian:ма́ра(mára)

Etymology 2

[edit]

See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Verb

[edit]

mara

third-person singular present ofmarać

Portuguese

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈma.ɾɐ/

Homophone:Mara

Etymology 1

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

mara (invariable)

(Brazil, slang)clipping ofmaravilhoso
- Carmen Pimentel (quoting “Siba”),Comunidades virtuais, comunidades linguísticas in2015, Idioma, n. 29, page 192:
  Hum 700 g a menos támara!
  Some 700 fewer grams would begreat!
- 2018, Valentina Schulz,O Diário da Valen: Confissões de um ano inesquecível, Editora Alto Astral,page61:
  O importante é que a pizza estavamara e conseguimos estudar e jogar um pouco de Xbox (perdi feio, só pra constar).
  The important thing is that the pizza wasgreat and we were able to study and play some Xbox (I lost badly, just so you know).
- 2019, Wagner Fontoura,O Cozinheiro de Bangu, Nau Editora,page144:
  Arthur, o negócio aqui támara!
  Arthur, things areawesome here!

Etymology 2

[edit]

FromSpanishmara.

Noun

[edit]

mara f (pluralmaras)

mara(Central American street gang)

Etymology 3

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

mara

inflection ofmarar:
1. third-person singular present indicative
2. second-person singular imperative

Rapa Nui

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

FromProto-Polynesian*mala, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*malaŋ.

Verb

[edit]

mara

to startrotting, goingbad

Noun

[edit]

mara

lump,bruise(from a blow)

Scottish Gaelic

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

mara f sg

genitive singular ofmuir(“sea, ocean”)

Mutation

[edit]

Mutation ofmara
radical	lenition
mara	mhara

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Spanish

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈmaɾa/[ˈma.ɾa]
Rhymes:-aɾa
Syllabification:ma‧ra

Etymology 1

[edit]

Clipping ofmarabunta.

Noun

[edit]

mara f (pluralmaras)

(El Salvador, Guatemala, colloquial)people in one'sin-group,crew,gang,squad
Cariño, hoy en la noche saldré con lamara de la empresa. ―Honey, tonight I'm going out with thecrew from work.
(El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico) criminalgang
Synonym:pandilla
A mediados de 2012, se acordó una tregua entre lasmaras salvadoreñas y el gobierno local. ―In mid-2012, a truce was orchestrated between Salvadoriangangs and the local government.

Derived terms

[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

mara f (pluralmaras)

Patagonian mara (Dolichotis patagonum)

Etymology 3

[edit]

Borrowed fromTamilமரம்(maram,“tree”) (occurring in the names of many woods).

Noun

[edit]

mara f (pluralmaras)

Calophyllum calaba

Etymology 4

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

mara f (pluralmaras)

obsolete form ofmaga(“Thespesia grandiflora”)

Sundanese

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

mara (Sundanese scriptᮙᮛ)

(botany)Macaranga tanarius (parasol leaf tree)

Swahili

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed fromArabicمَرَّة(marra).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Audio(Kenya): (file)

Noun

[edit]

mara classIX (pluralmara class X)

time(used to form adverbial numbers, as in "one time" (i.e.once))

Usage notes

[edit]

SeeAppendix:Swahili numbers#Adverbial numbers.

Derived terms

[edit]

mara kwa mara(“from time to time, occasionally”)
mara moja(“once; immediately, right away”)

Adverb

[edit]

mara

suddenly
- 1973, Mohammed S. Abdulla,Duniani kuna watu, page 3:
  […] lakinimara alijikuta akisema kichinichini, "Potelea mbali, nitakwenda."
  […] butsuddenly he found himself saying secretly, "To hell, I'll go."