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male

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "male"

English

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Male symbol

Etymology

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    Etymology tree
    Latinmās
    Proto-Indo-European*-lós
    Proto-Italic*-elos
    Latin-ulus
    Latin-culus
    Vulgar Latinmasclus
    Old Frenchmaslebor.
    Middle Englishmale
    Englishmale

    FromMiddle Englishmale, borrowed fromOld Frenchmalle,masle (Modern Frenchmâle), fromLatinmasculus(masculine, a male), diminutive ofmās(male, masculine).Doublet ofmacho. Displaced nativeOld Englishwǣpned(male, literallypenised), derived from the nounwǣpn(weapon), which had thesecondarysense “penis”.

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    male (not generallycomparable,comparativemalerormoremale,superlativemalestormostmale)

    1. Belonging to thesex which typically producessperm, or to the gender which is typically associated with it.[from 14th c.]
      male writers
      the leadingmale and female singers
      amale bird feeding a seed to a female
      in bee colonies, all drones aremale
      intersexmale patients
      • 1995, Gill Van Hasselt,Childbirth: Your Choices for Managing Pain, Taylor Pub,→ISBN:
        We got the hang of [caring for a baby], Kate and I, with some quiet, surprising guidance from a gentlemale nurse whose touching lack of intrusion was so instinctive as to seem part of the pattern.
      • 2016, Tobias Raun,Out Online,→ISBN:
        Whereas many other transmale vloggers use the videos to assert a conventionally recognizable masculinity through sculpting and carrying their bodies as well as dressing and talking in masculine-coded ways, Carson explores and plays with ways of expressing femininity within (trans) maleness.
      • For more quotations using this term, seeCitations:male.
    2. Characteristic of thissex/gender.(Comparemasculine,manly.)
      stereotypicallymale interests,an insect with typicallymale coloration
      • 2006, Bonnie Roberts,Bruises on the Heart,→ISBN, page118:
        A bright light was shone in her eye and then she heard a kind,male voice who she figured must be Dr. Smith. “Yes, let her rest now, but keep an eye on her blood pressure and her pulse. Check her about every 15 or 20 minutes. Call me if any problem occurs.”
      • 2004, Mino Vianello, Gwen Moore,Women and Men in Political and Business Elites: A Comparative Study,→ISBN:
        More than that, we cannot find the same dynamics within female career trajectories as in the other two country groups, because the time-structure of female andmale careers already shows great similarity within the older generation of elites. In addition, the pattern of the relation between female andmale careers remains the same over time.
      • For more quotations using this term, seeCitations:male.
    3. Tending to lead to orregulate thedevelopment of sexual characteristics typical of thissex.
      themale chromosome;  like testes, ovaries also produce testosterone and some othermale hormones
    4. (grammar, less common than 'masculine')Masculine; of the masculine grammatical gender.
      • 2012, Naomi McIlwraith,Kiyâm: Poems,→ISBN, page43:
        The teacher's voice inflects the pulse ofnêhiyawêwin as he teaches us. He says a prayer in the first class. Nouns, we learn, have a gender. In French, nouns aremale or female, but in Cree, nouns are living or non-living, animate or inanimate.
      • 2012, Sinéad Leleu, Michaela Greck-Ismair,German Pen Pals Made Easy KS3:
        If you are describing a female noun, you must make the adjective feminine by adding an 'e'. If you describe amale noun, you add an 'er'. For neutral nouns you add an 'es'.
    5. (of bacteria) Having theF factor; able to impart DNA into another bacterium which does not have the F factor (afemale).
      • 1967,Symposium on Infectious Multiple Drug Resistance: Genetics, Molecular Nature, and Clinical Implications of R Factors, May 25, 1967, page 7:
        Furthermore,male bacteria with fi + R factors, which inhibit the function of F (fi fertility inhibition) (Watanabe et al., 1964a), cannot form specific cell pairs at high frequencies. On the contrary, the formation of []
      • (Can wedate this quote?),The genetics problem solver, Research & Education Assoc.,→ISBN, page443:
        Male bacteria having the sex factor, also known as the F or "fertility" factor, are termed P if the sex factor exists extrachromosomally. F+ bacteria can only conjugate with F, the female counterparts, which do not possess the F [factor].
    6. (figuratively) Of instruments, tools, or connectors: designed to fit into or penetrate afemale counterpart, as in aconnector,pipe fitting or laboratoryglassware.[from 16th c.]
      • 1982,Popular Science, page119:
        Male adapter connects female pipe threads to polyethylene cold-water pipe; [...] female flare coupling connectsmale pipe threads to flared copper or plastic;

    Synonyms

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    Coordinate terms

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    Translations

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    belonging to the sex which typically produces sperm, or the gender typically associated with it
    characteristic of this sex/gender
    tending to lead to or regulate the development of sexual characteristics
    grammatically masculineseemasculine
    having an external plug
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    Noun

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    male (pluralmales)

    1. One of the male (masculine)sex orgender.
      1. A human member of the masculine sex or gender.
      2. An animal of the sex that hastestes.
      3. A plant of themasculinesex.
    2. Abacterium which has theF factor.
      • 2001 August 1, Harrison G. Echols,Operators and Promoters: The Story of Molecular Biology and Its Creators, Univ of California Press,→ISBN, page45:
        During mating, F+ male bacteria transfer the F factor to the recipient females, transforming them into F+males.Males also retain a copy of their F factor for themselves (left). When Hfr (or high frequency recombination)males mate []
      • 2021 February 26, Gregor Majdic,Soul Mate Biology: Science of attachment and love, Springer Nature,→ISBN, page10:
        In this process, one bacterium designated the male bacterium transfers its DNA into the female bacterium. Bacteria are determined to be male or female by a small piece of DNA, called F-plasmid, or sex factor. Bacteria with this small piece of DNA are labeled asmales, and bacteria that do not have this factor are considered females.[] Nevertheless, in addition to a small piece of DNA, male bacteria have some unique characteristics. They can make a special protrusion on their surface, called F-pilus. Pilae (plural for pilus) are hair-like structures that cover the []
    3. A maleconnector, pipe fitting, etc.
      • 1981,Modern Photography:
        Work another rubber washer over the threads of the male adapter that is now sticking out of the bucket.[] cut out with an X-acto knife, then thread the female fittings to themales.

    Usage notes

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    • Similar to objections over the usage offemale(s) as a noun, some people find it dehumanizing to refer to men as "male(s)" due to its zoological use, especially in non-technical contexts. It is frequently used in policeblotters, dispatches, reports, and legal, medical, or physiological documents to encompass boys and men, further fueling aversion through this association with criminality and/or vice.

    Antonyms

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    Hyponyms

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    Translations

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    human of masculine sex or gender
    animal of masculine sex
    plant of masculine sex
    male connector
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
    Translations to be checked

    Derived terms

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    terms derived from adjective or noun

    See also

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    Anagrams

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    Afar

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    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /maˈle/ [mʌˈlɛ]
    • Hyphenation:ma‧le

    Particle

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    malé

    1. Alternative form ofmaléey

    References

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    • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015)L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

    Albanian

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    Noun

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    male

    1. indefinitenominative/accusativeplural ofmal

    Danish

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    FromMiddle Low Germanmālen(to draw, paint), fromOld Saxonmālōn, fromProto-West Germanic*mālōn, fromProto-Germanic*mēlōną, which could be related to*mailą(spot, blemish, mark). Cognate withIcelandicmála(to paint).

    Verb

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    male (imperativemal,presentmaler,pastmaledeormalte,past participlemaletormalt)

    1. topaint

    Conjugation

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    Conjugation ofmale
    activepassive
    presentmalermales
    pastmalede or maltemalede or maltes
    infinitivemalemales
    imperativemal
    participle
    presentmalende
    pastmalet or malt
    (auxiliary verbhaveorvære)
    gerundmalen
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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    FromOld Norsemala, fromProto-Germanic*malaną(to grind), fromProto-Indo-European*melh₂-(to grind, rub, break up). Cognate withIcelandicmala.

    Verb

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    male (imperativemal,infinitiveatmale,present tensemaler,past tensemalede,perfect tensemalet)

    1. togrind,mill

    Conjugation

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    Conjugation ofmale
    activepassive
    presentmalermales
    pastmaledemaledes
    infinitivemalemales
    imperativemal
    participle
    presentmalende
    pastmalet
    (auxiliary verbhaveorvære)
    gerundmalen
    Derived terms
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    References

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    Dutch

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    male

    1. (archaic)dativesingular ofmaal

    Verb

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    male

    1. (dated or formal)singularpresentsubjunctive ofmalen

    Esperanto

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    Etymology

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    From prefixmal-(antonym) +‎-e(indicates adverbs).

    Pronunciation

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    Adverb

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    male

    1. on the contrary
    2. opposingly; in opposition
      male ol...as opposed to...

    Estonian

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    Etymology

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    Frommalev(army), a word attested in the 13th centuryLivonian Chronicle of Henry. Coined byAdo Grenzstein in the 19th century.

    Noun

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    male (genitivemale,partitivemalet)

    1. (board games)chess

    Declension

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    Declension ofmale (ÕS type16/pere, no gradation)
    singularplural
    nominativemalemaled
    accusativenom.
    gen.male
    genitivemalede
    partitivemaletmalesid
    illativemalle
    malesse
    maledesse
    inessivemalesmaledes
    elativemalestmaledest
    allativemalelemaledele
    adessivemalelmaledel
    ablativemaleltmaledelt
    translativemaleksmaledeks
    terminativemalenimaledeni
    essivemalenamaledena
    abessivemaletamaledeta
    comitativemalegamaledega

    See also

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    Chess pieces in Estonian ·malendid (see also:male)(layout ·text)
    ♚♛♜♝♞♟
    kuningaslippvankerodaratsuettur

    German

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    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    male

    1. inflection ofmalen:
      1. first-personsingularpresent
      2. singularimperative
      3. first/third-personsingularsubjunctive I

    Hawaiian

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed fromEnglishmarry.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈma.le/,[ˈmɐ.le]

    Verb

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    male

    1. tomarry

    Italian

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    Etymology

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    FromLatinmale.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈma.le/
    • Rhymes:-ale
    • Hyphenation:mà‧le

    Adverb

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    male (comparativepeggio,superlativemalissimo)

    1. badly,wrongly
      Antonym:bene

    Noun

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    male m (pluralmali)

    1. evil,harm
    2. pain,ache,illness,sickness,disease

    Antonyms

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    Derived terms

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    Related terms

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    Adjective

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    male

    1. (archaic)feminineplural ofmalo(bad)

    See also

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    Anagrams

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    Latin

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    Etymology

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    Frommalus(bad, wicked).

    Pronunciation

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    Adverb

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    male (comparativepeius,superlativepessimē)

    1. badly
      Antonym:bene
      • 1413, Jan Hus,Epistola ad Iohannem de Reinstein[2]:
        Melius est bene morī quammale vīvere.
        It is better to die well than to livebadly.
    2. wrongly
      Synonym:prāvē
    3. cruelly,wickedly
    4. notmuch;feebly

    Derived terms

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    Related terms

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    Descendants

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    References

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    • male”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879)A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • male”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891)An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • "male", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’sGlossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894)Latin Phrase-Book[3], London:Macmillan and Co.
      • (ambiguous) to deserve ill of a person; to treat badly:male mereri de aliquo
      • (ambiguous) to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of:bene, male audire (ab aliquo)
      • (ambiguous) to inculcate good (bad) principles:bene (male) praecipere alicui
      • (ambiguous) a guilty conscience:animus male sibi conscius
      • (ambiguous) a moral (immoral) man:homo bene (male) moratus
      • (ambiguous) to bless (curse) a person:precari alicui bene (male) oromnia bona (mala), salutem
      • (ambiguous) to manage one's affairs, household, property well or ill:rem bene (male) gerere (vid. sect. XVI. 10a)
      • (ambiguous) to buy dearly:magno ormale emere
      • (ambiguous) to win, lose a fight (of the commander):rem (bene, male) gerere (vid. sect. XII. 2, noterem gerere...)
      • (ambiguous) I am sorry to hear..:male (opp.bene)narras (de)

    Limburgish

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    FromMiddle Dutchmālen, fromOld Dutch*malan, fromProto-West Germanic*malan, fromProto-Germanic*malaną.

    Verb

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    male

    1. Tomill.

    Conjugation

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    Montfortian conjugation ofmale (first conjugation)
    non-finite formsinfinitivegerundpresent participlepast participleadjectiveadverb
    (tö)male'tmalenmalendjhöbbegemalegemaledje,gemaledjer,gemaledjesgemaledj,gemaledjelik
    number & tenseverb-second orderverb-first order
    presentpastsubjunctivepresentpastsubjunctive
    first person singularmalemaledjemalemalemaledje-nmale-n
    second person singularmalesmaledjesmalemalesmaledjesmaler
    third person singularmaletjmaledjemalemaletj'rmaledjemaler
    first person pluralmalemaledjemalemaletjmaledjemale
    second person pluralmaletjmaledjemalemaletjmaledjemaletj
    third person pluralmalemaledjemalemalemaledjemaler
    other formsnounimperative singular impoliteimperative singular politeimperative dualimperative pluralinclusive
    'tgemalenmale!maletj!maletj,maletj!maletj!malem

    Middle English

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    Etymology 1

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      Borrowed fromOld Frenchmasle,malle, fromLate Latinmasclus, fromLatinmasculus; comparefemele andmasculyn.

      Alternative forms

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      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): /ˈmaːl(ə)/,/ˈmaːdlə/,/ˈmaːdəl/

      Noun

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      male (pluralmales)

      1. Aman; a malehuman oranimal.
      2. (rare) A "male"gem orplant.
      3. (rare)Manhood; thestate of beingmale.
      Descendants
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      References
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      Adjective

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      male

      1. male(ofmasculine sex or gender)
      2. Used in extended reference to supposedly "male"gems,plants, or astrological portents.
      Descendants
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      References
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      Etymology 2

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      Borrowed fromAnglo-Norman and continentalOld Frenchmale, fromFrankish*malhu, fromProto-Germanic*malhō.

      Alternative forms

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      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      male (pluralmales)

      1. Abag,pack, orwallet.
      2. Thebelly or one of its contents; agut.
      Descendants
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      References
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      Etymology 3

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      Borrowed fromLatinmālum, fromAncient Greekμῆλον(mêlon), of unknown origin.

      Alternative forms

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      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      male

      1. (chiefly Late Middle English, uncommon) Theappletree (Malus domestica) or its fruit.
      References
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      Etymology 4

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      Noun

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      male

      1. Alternative form ofmayle

      Etymology 5

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      Noun

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      male

      1. (Northern)Alternative form ofmel

      Norwegian Bokmål

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      Etymology 1

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      FromOld Norsemála andMiddle Low Germanmalen.

      Verb

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      male (imperativemal,present tensemaler,passivemales,simple pastmalte,past participlemalt,present participlemalende)

      1. Topaint.

      See also

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      Etymology 2

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      FromOld Norsemala.

      Verb

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      male (imperativemal,present tensemaler,passivemales,simple pastmolormalte,past participlemalt,present participlemalende)

      1. Togrind ormill (to make smaller by breaking with a device).
      2. Topurr (of a cat, to make a vibrating sound in its throat when contented)
      Derived terms
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      References

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      Norwegian Nynorsk

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      Etymology 1

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      Verb

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      male (present tensemel,past tensemol,supinemale,past participlemalen,present participlemalande,imperativemal)

      1. Alternative form ofmala

      Etymology 2

      [edit]

      Verb

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      male (present tensemalar,past tensemala,past participlemala,passive infinitivemalast,present participlemalande,imperativemale/mal)

      1. (pre-2012)alternative form ofmåle, topaint.

      Old English

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      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      māle

      1. dativesingular ofmāl

      Old French

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      Alternative forms

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      Etymology

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      FromMedieval Latinmala, fromFrankish*malha(leather bag).

      Noun

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      maleoblique singularf (oblique pluralmales,nominative singularmale,nominative pluralmales)

      1. pack,bag

      Descendants

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      Pali

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      Alternative forms

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      Alternative scripts

      Noun

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      male

      1. locativesingular ofmala(dirt)

      Polish

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      Etymology

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      Frommały +‎-e.

      Pronunciation

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      Adverb

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      male (notcomparable)

      1. (Przemyśl)Synonym ofmało

      Further reading

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      • Aleksander Saloni (1908) “male”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, inMateryały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page336

      Sardinian

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      Etymology

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      FromLatinmale. CompareItalianmale.

      Adverb

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      male

      1. badly

      Serbo-Croatian

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      Adjective

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      male

      1. inflection ofmal:
        1. masculineaccusativeplural
        2. femininegenitivesingular
        3. femininenominative/accusative/vocativeplural

      Toba Batak

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      Etymology

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      FromProto-Batak*ləhey.

      Pronunciation

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      Adjective

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      male

      1. hungry

      References

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      • Warneck, J. (1906).Tobabataksch-Deutsches Wörterbuch. Batavia: Landesdrukkerij,p. 113.
      Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=male&oldid=84378600"
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