Unknown. The once-popular derivation fromEgyptian(bw,“place, thing, -ness”) is untenable given the form of the Fayyumic descendant.^[1] A corresponding hieroglyphic Egyptian word(mꜣꜥ,“place”) is attested from the end of the Third Intermediate Period onward, especially in late temple inscriptions, with the earliest certain attestation being in Papyrus Brooklyn 47.218.84,^[2] but this is contemporaneous with the spread of early Demotic. Meeks proposes that another termbpꜣt attested at the beginning of the Ramesside Period might be an early writing of the same word, but the absence of the final ayin is problematic.^[2]

• IPA^(key): /maʕ/

⁠⁠ m

1. place
2. cenotaph

• Akhmimic Coptic:ⲙⲁ(ma)
• Bohairic Coptic:ⲙⲁ(ma),ⲙⲟⲩ(mou),(only withⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ(niben))ⲙⲁⲓ(mai)
• Fayyumic Coptic:ⲙⲉ(me),ⲙⲟⲩ(mou),(before genitiveⲛ-(n-))ⲙⲁ(ma)
• Lycopolitan Coptic:ⲙⲁ(ma)
• Sahidic Coptic:ⲙⲁ(ma)

FromEgyptian(mꜣꜥ,“to direct, to be true or just”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈmuːʔəʕ/

⁠⁠

1. to betrue
2. to bejustified

• ⇒ Sahidic Coptic:ⲧⲙⲁⲓⲟ(tmaio),ⲧⲙⲁⲉⲓⲟ(tmaeio)

• Erichsen, Wolja (1954),Demotisches Glossar, Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, page149
• Janet H. Johnson, editor (2001),The Demotic Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago‎^[1], volumeM (10.1), Chicago: The University of Chicago, pages21–29

• (noun, in the sense ‘place’)(reconstructed Late Egyptian)IPA^(key): /maʕ/

• (modern Egyptological)IPA^(key): /mɑʔɑː/
  • Conventional anglicization:maa

 3-lit.

1. (transitive) todirect, toguide, toconduct
   • c. 1550BCE – 1295BCE,Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 21–22:

     mꜣꜥ.n.sn n zꜣ ꜣst ḫft(j).f ḫr n qn.f

     To the son of Isis theyhave delivered his adversary, fallen through his (own) violence.

2. (reflexive or intransitive) to be(come)true, to be(come)correct
3. (intransitive) to be(come)genuine,real,true
4. (intransitive) to fulfil atitle orfamilialrelation as one should; to be a real or true (brother, servant, etc.)
5. (intransitive, law) to be(come)innocent
6. (intransitive) to be(come)just orfair
7. (transitive) to make anoffering of

Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofmꜣꜥ  

mꜣꜥ

• wn mꜣꜥ
• mꜣꜥw
• mꜣꜥt
• mꜣꜥ-ḫrw

• Demotic Egyptian:mꜣꜥ
  • ⇒ Sahidic Coptic:ⲧⲙⲁⲓⲟ(tmaio),ⲧⲙⲁⲉⲓⲟ(tmaeio)

 m

1. (anatomy)temple

• rḏj mꜣꜥ r

 m

1. place[since the end of the Third Intermediate Period]

Alternative hieroglyphic writings ofmꜣꜥ  

mꜣꜥt	mꜣꜥ	mꜣꜥ	mꜣꜥ	mꜣꜥt

• Erman, Adolf;Grapow, Hermann (1928),Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[2], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag,→ISBN,pages12–14.19; 22.1–23.6
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962),A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute,→ISBN,page101
• Hoch, James (1997),Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications,→ISBN,pages55, 128
• Meeks, Dimitri (1994) “Étymologies coptes. Notes et remarques” inCoptology: Past, Present and Future: Studies in Honour of Professor Rodolphe Kasser, Louvain: Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 61, page 203–204

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