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les

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "les"
Languages (40)
Translingual • English
Afrikaans • Ahtna • Aragonese • Asturian • Catalan • Cornish • Czech • Danish • Dutch • Franco-Provençal • French • Galician • German • Hungarian • Icelandic • Indonesian • Interlingua • Ladin • Ladino • Middle English • Middle French • Norman • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Czech • Old French • Old Irish • Old Slovak • Old Spanish • Rohingya • Romanian • Serbo-Croatian • Slovak • Slovene • Spanish • Tok Pisin • Vietnamese • Welsh
Page categories

Translingual

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Etymology

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Clipping ofEnglishLese.

Symbol

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les

  1. (international standards)ISO 639-3language code forLese.

See also

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English

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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les (comparativemoreles,superlativemostles)

  1. (slang, sometimes derogatory)Clipping oflesbian.
    • 2020, Valens, Anna,Tumblr Porn, New York:Instar Books,→ISBN,→ISBN:
      Her posts would frequently feature her as a half-naked giantess, complete with her deliciously soft belly and bare breasts. Some of her photos would have her feminine penis in view, nonchalantly exposed against her thighs. It was beautiful, unquestionablyles, and an incredibly rare opportunity for me (then pre-transition) to see how hormone replacement therapy feminized trans women’s bodies.

Noun

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les (pluralleses)

  1. (slang, sometimes derogatory)Clipping oflesbian.

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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Inherited fromDutchles(lesson), fromMiddle Dutchlesse, fromLatinlēctiō.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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les (plurallesse,diminutivelessie)

  1. lesson

Ahtna

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Stem

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les

  1. Verbal stem occurring in the following root, aspect, and mode combinations:
AspectImperfectivePerfectiveFutureOptative
momlets (urinate)
custlets (urinate)lets (urinate)lets (urinate)lets (urinate)

Aragonese

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Etymology

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Derived fromLatinille(that one).

Pronoun

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les

  1. them(indirect object)

Synonyms

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Asturian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatinillas.

Article

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les pl (masculine sgel,feminine sgla,neuter sglo,masculine plurallos)

  1. (definite)the

Catalan

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromLatinillās, fromille.

Pronunciation

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Article

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les pl (masculine pluralels,masculine singularel,feminine singularla)

  1. the;feminine plural definite article

Pronoun

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les (enclitic and proclitic)

  1. them (feminine, direct object)
Declension
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Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subjectweak (direct object)weak (indirect object)possessive
procliticencliticprocliticenclitic
singular1st
person
standardjo,mi3em,m’-me,’mem,m’-me,’mmeu
majestic1nósens-nos,’nsens-nos,’nsnostre
2nd
person
standardtuet,t’-te,’tet,t’-te,’tteu
formal1vósus-vos,-usus-vos,-usvostre
very formal2vostèel,l’-lo,’lli-liseu
3rd
person
mellel,l’-lo,’lli-liseu
fellala,l’4-lali-liseu
nho-holi-liseu
plural
1st personnosaltresens-nos,’nsens-nos,’nsnostre
2nd
person
standardvosaltresus-vos,-usus-vos,-usvostre
formal2vostèsels-los,’lsels-los,’lsseu
3rd
person
mellsels-los,’lsels-los,’lsseu
fellesles-lesels-los,’lsseu
3rd person reflexivesies,s’-se,’ses,s’-se,’sseu
adverbialablative/genitiveen,n’-ne,’n
locativehi-hi

1 Behaves grammatically as plural.  2 Behaves grammatically as third person.
3 Only as object of a preposition.  4 Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromLatinlaesus.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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les (femininelesa,masculine plurallesos,feminine pluralleses)

  1. (law)harmed
Derived terms
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Related terms
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Further reading

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Cornish

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromProto-Brythonic*lles, fromProto-Celtic*lexstus. Cognate withWelshlles.

Noun

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les m (plurallesow)

  1. advantage,benefit,gain,profit
    Synonym:budh
  2. utility,usefulness,importance,interest
  3. welfare
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Inherited fromProto-Celtic*lussus(medicinal herb, vegetable).Doublet oflosow. Cognate withWelshllys.

Noun

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les m (plurallesyow)

  1. plant
    Synonym:losowen
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Inherited fromProto-Brythonic*lled, fromProto-Celtic*ɸletos. Cognate withWelshlled.

Noun

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les m (plurallesyow)

  1. width,breadth
Derived terms
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Etymology 4

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Noun

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les f (plurallesow)

  1. alternative form oflys(court)

Etymology 5

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Conjunction

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les

  1. in case

Czech

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CzechWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediacs

Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Czechles, fromProto-Slavic*lěsъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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les inan

  1. forest
    Synonym:hvozd

Declension

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Declension ofles (hard masculine inanimate)
singularplural
nominativeleslesy
genitivelesalesů
dativelesulesům
accusativeleslesy
vocativeleselesy
locativeleselesích
instrumentallesemlesy

Related terms

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nouns
adjectives
proverb

Further reading

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Danish

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Noun

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les c

  1. indefinitegenitivesingular ofle

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromMiddle Dutchlesse, fromLatinlēctiō.

Noun

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les f (plurallessen,diminutivelesje n)

  1. course,lesson
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Verb

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les

  1. inflection oflessen:
    1. first-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. (in case ofinversion)second-personsingularpresentindicative
    3. imperative

Anagrams

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Further reading

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  • les” inWoordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling, Nederlandse Taalunie. [the official spelling word list for the Dutch language]

Franco-Provençal

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromLatinillās.

Determiner

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les pl

  1. feminineplural oflo(the)

Pronoun

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les pl(ORB, broad)

  1. them(third-person plural feminine accusative)
See also
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Franco-Provençal personal pronouns
nominativeaccusativedativetonic1possessive2
singular1st personjomin
2nd persontetin
3rd personmasculineillo /leluisin
feminineellalyé
neuteroy
reflexive
plural1st personnosnoutro
2nd personvosvoutro
3rd personmasculineilslos /leslorlor
feminineelsleslor /lyés
reflexive

1 Disjunctive or object of a preposition.  2 Generally preceded by a definite article.

References

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  • les [3] in DicoFranPro:Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – ondicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
  • les in Lo trèsor Arpitan – onarpitan.eu

Etymology 2

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Determiner

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les pl

  1. alternative form oflos,masculineplural oflo(the)

Pronoun

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les pl(ORB, broad)

  1. alternative form oflos pl(them)

References

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  • les in DicoFranPro:Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – ondicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
  • les in Lo trèsor Arpitan – onarpitan.eu

French

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Etymology

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Inherited fromMiddle Frenchles, fromOld Frenchles, fromLatinillōs m andillās f which are the accusative plurals ofille.[1]

Pronunciation

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Article

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les

  1. plural ofle:the
  2. plural ofla:the

Usage notes

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  • de les is never used: contracted intodes.
  • à les is never used: contracted intoaux.

Pronoun

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les pl orpl

  1. plural ofle:them
  2. plural ofla:them

Related terms

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French personal pronouns
numberpersongendernominative
(subject)
accusative
(direct complement)
dative
(indirect complement)
locative
(at)
genitive
(of)
disjunctive
(tonic)1
emphatic
reflexive
relativeproximaldistal
singularfirstje,j’me,m’moimoi-même
secondtute,t’toitoi-même
thirdmasculineil2le,l’luiyenluilui-mêmeceluicelui-cicelui-là
feminineellela,l’elleelle-mêmecellecelle-cicelle-là
indeterminateon3,l’on (formal),ce4,c’,çacececicela,ça
reflexivese,s’5soisoi-même
pluralfirstnousnousnousnous-mêmes
second6vousvousvousvous-mêmes,
vous-même6
thirdmasculineils7lesleuryeneux7eux-mêmes7ceuxceux-ciceux-là
feminineelleselleselles-mêmescellescelles-cicelles-là

1 The disjunctive (tonic) forms are also used after an explicit preposition (de/d’,à,pour,chez,dans,vers,sur,sous, ...), instead the accusative, dative, genitive, locative, or reflexive forms, where a preposition is implied.
2Il is also used as an impersonal nominative-only pronoun.
3On can also function as a first person plural (although agreeing with third person singular verb forms).
4 The nominal indeterminate formce (demonstrative) can also be used with the auxiliary verbêtre as a plural, instead of the proximal or distal gendered forms.
5 The reflexive third person singular forms (se ors’) for accusative or dative are also used as third person plural reflexive.
6Vous is also used as the polite singular form, in which case the plural disjunctive tonicvous-mêmes becomes singularvous-même.
7Ils,eux andeux-mêmes are also used when a group has a mixture of masculine and feminine members.

References

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  1. ^Dauzat, Albert with Jean Dubois, Henri Mitterand (1964), “le, la, les”, inNouveau dictionnaire étymologique (in French), Paris: Librairie Larousse

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Galician

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Verb

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les

  1. second-personsingularpresentindicative ofler

German

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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les

  1. (colloquial)first-personsingularpresent oflesen
    Synonym:(standard)lese
  2. (colloquial)singularimperative oflesen
    Synonym:(standard)lies

Hungarian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Ugric*läćɜ(hiding place; lurk).[1][2] Cognates includeSouthern Mansi[script needed](lǟš-),Northern Mansi[script needed](lāś-).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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les (plurallesek)

  1. cover,hideaway,ambush(the place where one is concealed, in wait to attack by surprise, or the act of concealing oneself there)
    Synonyms:lesállás,leshely
    Hypernyms:búvóhely,rejtekhely,(hiding place in general)rejtek
  2. (hunting)hide,blind
  3. (soccer)offside
    Synonyms:lesállás,leshelyzet

Declension

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Inflection (stem in-e-, front unrounded harmony)
singularplural
nominativeleslesek
accusativelestleseket
dativelesnekleseknek
instrumentallessellesekkel
causal-finallesértlesekért
translativelessélesekké
terminativelesiglesekig
essive-formalleskéntlesekként
essive-modal
inessivelesbenlesekben
superessivelesenleseken
adessivelesnélleseknél
illativelesbelesekbe
sublativelesrelesekre
allativeleshezlesekhez
elativelesbőllesekből
delativelesrőllesekről
ablativelestőllesektől
non-attributive
possessive – singular
leséleseké
non-attributive
possessive – plural
leséilesekéi
Possessive forms ofles
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.lesemleseim
2nd person sing.lesedleseid
3rd person sing.leselesei
1st person plurallesünkleseink
2nd person plurallesetekleseitek
3rd person plurallesükleseik

Derived terms

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Expressions

Verb

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les

  1. (transitive) tospy,peep,peek,pry
  2. (transitive) tostare,goggle,eye
  3. (ambitransitive) tocheat at a test by looking at someone else's work

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofles
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. 
sg formal
1st person pl2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. 
pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.lesekleselleslesünklesteklesnek
def.lesemlesedlesilessüklesiteklesik
2nd objleslek
pastindef.lestemlestéllesettlestünklesteteklestek
def.lestemlestedlestelestüklestéteklesték
2nd objlestelek
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verbfog, e.g.lesni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef.leséklesélleselesénkleséteklesének
def.lesémlesédlesélesénkleséteklesék
2nd objlesélek
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.les vala,lesett vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.lesendeklesendeszlesendlesendünklesendeteklesendenek
def.lesendemlesendedlesendilesendjüklesenditeklesendik
2nd objlesendelek
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.lesnéklesnéllesnelesnénklesnéteklesnének
def.lesnémlesnédlesnélesnénk
(or lesnők)
lesnéteklesnék
2nd objlesnélek
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.lesett volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.lessekless or
lessél
lessenlessünklesseteklessenek
def.lessemlesd or
lessed
lesselessüklesséteklessék
2nd objlesselek
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.lesett légyen
infinitivelesnilesnemlesnedlesnielesnünklesneteklesniük
other
forms
verbal nounpresent part.past part.future part.adverbial participlecausative
leséslesőlesettlesendőlesve (lesvén)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same-(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by-ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional-ik verbs).
Potential conjugation ofles
Click for archaic forms1st person sg2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. 
sg formal
1st person pl2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. 
pl formal
indica­tiveindica­tivepre­sentindef.leshetekleshetszleshetleshetünkleshettekleshetnek
def.leshetemleshetedleshetileshetjükleshetitekleshetik
2nd objleshetlek
pastindef.leshettemleshettélleshetettleshettünkleshettetekleshettek
def.leshettemleshettedleshetteleshettükleshettétekleshették
2nd objleshettelek
archaic
preterite
indef.leshetékleshetélleshetelesheténkleshetétekleshetének
def.leshetémleshetédleshetélesheténkleshetéteklesheték
2nd objleshetélek
archaic pastTwo additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed byvala (volt), e.g.leshet vala,leshetett vala/volt.
archaic futureindef.leshetendek
or lesandhatok
leshetendesz
or lesandhatsz
leshetend
or lesandhat
leshetendünk
or lesandhatunk
leshetendetek
or lesandhattok
leshetendenek
or lesandhatnak
def.leshetendem
or lesandhatom
leshetended
or lesandhatod
leshetendi
or lesandhatja
leshetendjük
or lesandhatjuk
leshetenditek
or lesandhatjátok
leshetendik
or lesandhatják
2nd objleshetendelek
or lesandhatlak
condi­tionalpre­sentindef.leshetnékleshetnélleshetneleshetnénkleshetnétekleshetnének
def.leshetnémleshetnédleshetnéleshetnénk
(or leshetnők)
leshetnétekleshetnék
2nd objleshetnélek
pastIndicative past forms followed byvolna, e.g.leshetett volna
sub­junc­tivesub­junc­tivepre­sentindef.leshessekleshess or
leshessél
leshessenleshessünkleshessetekleshessenek
def.leshessemleshesd or
leshessed
leshesseleshessükleshessétekleshessék
2nd objleshesselek
(archaic) pastIndicative past forms followed bylégyen, e.g.leshetett légyen
infinitive(leshetni)(leshetnem)(leshetned)(leshetnie)(leshetnünk)(leshetnetek)(leshetniük)
other
forms
positive adjectivenegative adjectiveadverbial participle
leshetőleshetetlen(leshetve /leshetvén)

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^Entry #1792 inUralonet, online Uralic etymological database of theHungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^les in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.).Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006,→ISBN.  (See alsoits 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • (ambush):les in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.
  • (to spy):les in Géza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.

Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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les n (genitive singularless,nominative pluralles)

  1. (linguistics)lexeme(set of inflected forms taken by a single word)
  2. (computing)lexeme(individual instance of a continuouscharactersequence without spaces, used inlexical analysis)
Declension
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Declension ofles (neuter)
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativeleslesiðleslesin
accusativeleslesiðleslesin
dativelesilesinulesumlesunum
genitivelesslessinslesalesanna
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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See also
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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les

  1. first-personsingular oflesa(to read)
    Égles mikið af þýskum bókum.
    Iread a lot of German books.
  2. third-personsingular oflesa(to read)
    Pálmiles alltaf sömu söguna, þótt hann eigi margar bækur.
    Pálmi alwaysreads the same story, even though he has many books.

Indonesian

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromDutchles(course, lesson), fromMiddle Dutchlesse, fromLatinlēctiō.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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lès (pluralles-les)

  1. (education, colloquial)cram school,privatetuition

Verb

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lès

  1. (education, colloquial) tocram, to study hard, tolearn atcram school

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromDutchlis(reed).

Pronunciation

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Noun

[edit]

lès (pluralles-les)

  1. rein

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

lês (pluralles-les)

  1. alternative form oflis

Further reading

[edit]

Interlingua

[edit]

Pronoun

[edit]

les

  1. (dative)tothem

Usage notes

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  • Precedes conjugated verbs.
  • Can be of mixed gender (not just masculine).

Ladin

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromLatinillas.

Article

[edit]

les f (plural)

  1. the

See also

[edit]

Ladino

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromOld Spanishles, fromLatinillīs, dative plural ofille.

Pronoun

[edit]

les m orfby sense (Hebrew spellingליס)[1]

  1. dative ofeyos andeyas;(to)them,(for) them[ca. 1510[2]]
    • 19th century, Sa'adi Besalel a-Levi, chapter 42, in Aron Rodrigue, Sarah Abrevaya Stein, editors,A Jewish Voice from Ottoman Salonica: The Ladino Memoir of Sa'adi Besalel A-Levi[1], Stanford University Press, published2012,→ISBN,page290:
      Los fraguadoresles vinokolay de tomar todas las pyedras de ensima los muertos, syendo estaskevuroth eran de los primeros djidyos ke vinyeron de la Espanya.
      It came easy for the builders to take all the dead's tombstones, being that these graves belonged to the first Jews who came from Spain.

References

[edit]
  1. ^les”, inTrezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola [Treasure of the Judeo-Spanish Language] (in Ladino, Hebrew, and English), Instituto Maale Adumim
  2. ^Dov Cohen and Ora (Rodrigue) Schwarzwald (19 June 2019), “Coṃpendio delas šeḥiṭót (Constantinople ca. 1510): The First Judeo-Spanish Printed Publication”, inJournal of Jewish Languages, volume 7, number 1, Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV,→DOI,→ISSN, pages48, 50

Middle English

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Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromOld Englishlēas(false, void, loose).

Cognate withMiddle High Germanlōs(loose),Old Swedishlø̄s(loose); adoublet ofloos.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

les

  1. false;lying;deceptive

Noun

[edit]

les (uncountable)

  1. falsehood; alie
    • 15th c., “[The Creation]”, inWakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England,Alfred W. Pollard, editors,The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: [] Oxford University Press,1897,→OCLC,page 5, lines120–121:
      He is so fayre, withouttenles, / he semys full well to sytt on des.
      He is so good, withoutfalsehood; / (so) he's really suited to sit on a dais.
    • c.1480, “The Creation”, inThe Towneley Plays, lines158–159:
      We held with hym ther he saideleasse / And therfor have we all unpeasse.
      We stayed with him when he uttereduntruth, / and therefore we all feel discord.
    • c.1480, “The Creation”, inThe Towneley Plays, lines193–195:
      Ye shall have joye and blis therin / Whils ye will kepe you out of syn, / I say withouttenlese.
      You'll have joy and tranquility within / if you keep yourself out of sin, / I say, withoutlies.

Middle French

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Etymology

[edit]

Inherited fromOld Frenchles, fromLatinillōs m andillās f

Article

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les pl orpl (masculine singularle,feminine singularla)

  1. the

Descendants

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Norman

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Pronunciation

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Article

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les pl (singular,andla)

  1. alternative form ofl's
    les boutonsthe nipples
    les êpicesthe spices
    les lédgeunmesthe vegetables
    les ridgieauxthe curtains
    • 2013 March, Geraint Jennings, “Mar martello”, inThe Town Crier[2], archived fromthe original on13 March 2016, page20:
      Dansles clios étout nou vait des tracteurs et des machinnes tandi qu'lé travas du fèrmyi r'prend san rhythme coumme tréjous.
      Inthe fields tractors and machines can be seen too as farm work picks up again as always.

Inflection

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Norman definite articles
singularplural
masculinele /l'les
femininela /l'les

Norwegian Bokmål

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Verb

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les

  1. imperative oflese

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Verb

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les

  1. presenttense oflesa
  2. imperative oflesa

Old Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*lěsъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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les inan

  1. forest
    Synonym:hvozd

Declension

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Declension ofles (hard o-stem)
singulardualplural
nominativeleslesylesi,lesové
genitivelesa,lesulesúlesóv
dativelesulesomalesóm
accusativeleslesylesy
vocativeleselesylesi,lesové
locativelesě,lesulesúlesiech
instrumentallesemlesomalesy
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.

Descendants

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Further reading

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Old French

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatinillas andillos.

Article

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les

  1. the (feminine plural oblique definite article)
  2. the (feminine plural nominative definite article)
  3. the (masculine plural oblique definite article)

Inflection

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Old French definite articles
Casemasculinefeminine
singularsubjectlila,le1
obliquele1la1
pluralsubjectliles
obliquelesles

1 These singular formselide tol' before a vowel or non-aspirateh.

Descendants

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Old Irish

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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les (emphaticlessom)

  1. third-personsingularmasculine ofla
Alternative forms
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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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les m

  1. alternative spelling ofless(benefit, advantage)

Mutation

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Mutation ofles
radicallenitionnasalization
les
alsollesin h-prothesis environments
les
pronounced with/lʲ-/
les
alsolles

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Old Slovak

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*lě̑sъ. First attested in 1386.

Noun

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les inan

  1. forest,woods(dense uncultivated tract of trees)

Descendants

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References

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  • Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “les”, inHistorický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA,→OCLC

Old Spanish

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatinillīs, dative plural ofille.

Pronoun

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les m orfby sense

  1. dative ofellos andellas;(to)them;(for) them
    • c.1200, Almerich,Fazienda de Ultramar,f. 2v:
      eſtos angeles cõ q fablo abraã. vinieron a ſodoma e loth ſedia ala puerta dela cibdat. e violos e leuãtos cõtra ellõ. e omillos troa la tierra. e dixoles priego uos mios ſẽnores. Q̃ uẽgades acaſa de ur̃o ſieruo albergar.
      [Estos angeles con que fabló Abraam vinieron a Sodoma, e Loth sedía a la puerta de la cibdat. E vio-los e levantó-s contra ellos, e omilló-s troa la tierra. E dixo-les, “Priego-vos míos sennores, que vengades a casa de vuestro siervo albergar.”]
      These angels to whom Abraham spoke came to Sodom, and Lot was at the city's gate. And he saw them and he got up to greet them and groveled with his face to the ground. And he said, “I beg you, my lords, come spend the night at your servant's house.”

Descendants

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References

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  • Ralph Steele Boggset al. (1946), “les”, inTentative Dictionary of Medieval Spanish, volume II, Chapel Hill,page303

Rohingya

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Etymology

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Compare withBengaliলেজ(lej).

Noun

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les

  1. tail

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromBulgarianлес(les).

Noun

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les n (plurallesuri)

  1. (Oltenia)thicket

Declension

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Declension ofles
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativeleslesullesurilesurile
genitive-dativeleslesuluilesurilesurilor
vocativelesulelesurilor

References

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  • les in Academia Română,Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010.→ISBN

Serbo-Croatian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*lěsъ(tree, forest).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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lȇs inan (Cyrillic spellingле̑с)(Ekavian)

  1. coffin
  2. (regional)lumber
  3. (regional)forest,woods
Declension
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Declension ofles
singularplural
nominativelȇslésovi
genitivelesalésōvā
dativelesulesovima
accusativeleslesove
vocativeleselesovi
locativelesulesovima
instrumentallesomlesovima

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromGermanLöss.

Noun

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lȇs inan (Cyrillic spellingле̑с)

  1. (geology)loess

Slovak

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SlovakWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediask

Etymology

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Inherited fromOld Slovakles, fromProto-Slavic*lěsъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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les inan (relational adjectivelesný,diminutivelesíkorlesíček,augmentativelesisko)

  1. forest,woods

Declension

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Declension ofles
(patterndub)
singularplural
nominativeleslesy
genitivelesalesov
dativelesulesom
accusativeleslesy
locativeleselesoch
instrumentallesomlesmi

Further reading

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  • les”, inSlovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak),https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk,2003–2025

Slovene

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SloveneWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediasl

Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Slavic*lěsъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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lẹ̑s inan

atv lesu
tov les
fromiz lesa
  1. (uncountable)wood
    Synonyms:lesovina,lesnina,lesna snov
  2. (uncommon, uncountable)trees in a forest[→SSKJ]
    Synonyms:drevo,drev
  3. (usually in theplural, archaic or literary)forest,woods
    Synonyms:gozd,boršt,gmajna,gaj,gošča,gozdek,gozdič,gozdiček,gozdni labirint,hosta,lesovje,log,loza,šuma
  4. (Christianity, rare)cross
    Synonyms:križ,krucifiks

Declension

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The templateTemplate:sl-decl-noun-table3 does not use the parameter(s):
n=
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First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate, -ov- infix) , long mixed accent
nom. sing.lẹ̑s
gen. sing.lesȃ
singulardualplural
nominative
imenovȃlnik
lẹ̑slesȏvalesȏvi
genitive
rodȋlnik
lesȃlesóvlesóv
dative
dajȃlnik
lẹ̑su,lẹ̑silesȏvoma,lesȏvamalesȏvom,lẹ̑sȏvam
accusative
tožȋlnik
lẹ̑slesȏvalesȏve
locative
mẹ̑stnik
lẹ̑su,lẹ̑silesȏvihlesȏvih
instrumental
orọ̑dnik
lẹ̑somlesȏvoma,lesȏvamalesȏvi
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)
lẹ̑slesȏvalesȏvi



  • stylistically marked
The templateTemplate:sl-decl-noun-table3 does not use the parameter(s):
n=
Please seeModule:checkparams for help with this warning.

First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , fixed accent
nom. sing.lẹ̑s
gen. sing.lẹ̑sa
singulardualplural
nominative
imenovȃlnik
lẹ̑slẹ̑salẹ̑si
genitive
rodȋlnik
lẹ̑salẹ̑sovlẹ̑sov
dative
dajȃlnik
lẹ̑su,lẹ̑silẹ̑soma,lẹ̑samalẹ̑som,lẹ̑sam
accusative
tožȋlnik
lẹ̑slẹ̑salẹ̑se
locative
mẹ̑stnik
lẹ̑su,lẹ̑silẹ̑sih,lẹ̑sahlẹ̑sih,lẹ̑sah
instrumental
orọ̑dnik
lẹ̑somlẹ̑soma,lẹ̑samalẹ̑si
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)
lẹ̑slẹ̑salẹ̑si


Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • les”, inSlovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
  • les”, inTermania, Amebis
  • See also thegeneral references

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /les/[les]
  • Rhymes:-es
  • Syllabification:les

Etymology 1

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Inherited fromOld Spanishles, fromLatinillīs, dative plural ofille.

Pronoun

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les

  1. dative ofellos andellas; tothem, for them
    Los chicos están hambrientos,les llevaré algo de comer.
    The boys are hungry, I'll bringthem something to eat.
  2. dative ofustedes; toyou all, for you all (formal)
    Hijas, ¿quieren queles compre algo de la tienda?
    Daughters, do you want me to buyyou all anything from the store?
  3. (leísmo, dialectal)accusative ofustedes;you all(formal)
    Synonyms:los,las
    ¿Necesitan que [yo]les ayude en algo?
    Do you need me to helpyou all with anything?
  4. (leísmo, dialectal, proscribed except in impersonal sentences with "se")accusative ofellos andellas;them
    Synonyms:lo,la
    Seles considera unos tontos.[non-proscribed]
    They considerthem fools.
    Ayerles vi cenando en un restaurante.[proscribed]
    Yesterday I sawthem dining at a restaurant.
  5. (gender-neutral, neologism)dative ofelles; tothem, for them
    Les pedí que por favor hagan silencio.
    I askedthem to please be quiet.

See also

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Spanish personal pronouns
NominativeDisjunctiveDativeAccusativeComitative
First-personSingularyomeconmigo
PluralMasculine1nosotrosnos
Femininenosotras
Second-personSingularTuteotitecontigo
Voseovos
Formal2Masculine1ustedle,se3lo
Femininela
PluralFamiliar4Masculine1vosotrosos
Femininevosotras
Formal/general2Masculine1ustedesles,se3los
Femininelas
Third-personSingularMasculine1élle,se3lo
Feminineellala
Neuterello5lo
PluralMasculine1ellosles,se3los
Feminineellaslas
Reflexiveseconsigo
  1. Like other masculine words, masculine pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
  2. Treated as if it were third person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity.
  3. Ifle orles precedeslo,la,los, orlas in a clause, it is replaced withse (e.g.se lo dije instead of*le lo dije).
  4. Used primarily in Spain.
  5. Used only in rare circumstances.

Etymology 2

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Thegender-neutral suffix-e replaces the gendered suffixes-a and-o.

Article

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les gender-neutral pl

  1. (gender-neutral, neologism)the(plural)
    Les estudiantes están prestando atención a la clase.
    The students are paying attention to the class.

Further reading

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Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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Derived fromEnglishlazy.

Adjective

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les

  1. lazy
  2. tired,fed up

Verb

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les

  1. be lazy
  2. be tired, be fed up

Vietnamese

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Etymology

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Clipping oflesbian.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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les

  1. lesbian

Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromEnglishlace.

Noun

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les f (plurallesau,not mutable)

  1. lace(light fabric patterned with holes)

Etymology 2

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Borrowed fromMiddle Englishlease, fromAnglo-Normanles, fromOld Frenchlais,lez(a lease).

Noun

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les f (plurallesoedd,not mutable)

  1. lease
Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 3

[edit]

See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Noun

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les

  1. soft mutation oflles

Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “les”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Mutation

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Mutated forms oflles
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
lleslesunchangedunchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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