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lem

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also:Appendix:Variations of "lem"

Translingual

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Symbol

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lem

(international standards)ISO 639-3 language code forNomaande.

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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len —dialectal

Etymology

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Possibly from aProto-Albanian*leudno, fromProto-Indo-European*h₁lewdʰ-(“man, people”). Alternatively formed frompolem.

Noun

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lem m (pluralleme, definitelemi, definite plurallemet)

people

Declension

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Declension oflem
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	lem	lemi	leme	lemet
accusative	lem	lemin	leme	lemet
dative	lemi	lemit	lemeve	lemeve
ablative	lemi	lemit	lemesh	lemeve

Aromanian

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Alternative forms

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lemnu

Etymology

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FromLatinlignum. Compare Daco-Romanianlemn.

Noun

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lem n (plurallemi)

wood

Cimbrian

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Etymology

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FromMiddle High Germanleben, fromOld High Germanlebēn, fromProto-West Germanic*libbjan, fromProto-Germanic*libjaną(“to live; to be alive”). Cognate withGermanleben,Englishlive.

Verb

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lem (auxiliaryhåm)

(Luserna) tolive at,reside
Moine nonlem atz Lusérn. ―My grandparentslive in Luserna.

References

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Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013)Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Danish

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /lɛmˀ/,[ˈlɛmˀ]
Rhymes:-ɛmˀ

Etymology 1

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FromOld Danishlim, fromOld Norselimr, fromProto-Germanic*limuz(“branch, limb”), cognate withNorwegian,Swedishlem,Englishlimb,Dutchleem.

Noun

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lem n (singular definitelemmet,plural indefinitelemmer)

limb(arm or leg in a human or an animal)
(formal)penis
(dated)inmate(in an institution)

Declension

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Declension oflem
neuter gender	singular		plural
neuter gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	lem	lemmet	lemmer	lemmerne
genitive	lems	lemmets	lemmers	lemmernes

lem c (singular definitelemmen,plural indefinitelemme)

Declension

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Declension oflem
common gender	singular		plural
common gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	lem	lemmen	lemme	lemmene
genitive	lems	lemmens	lemmes	lemmenes

Derived terms

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References

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“lem,1” inDen Danske Ordbog

Galician

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Verb

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lem

(reintegrationist norm)third-person plural present indicative ofler

Icelandic

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Verb

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lem(weak)

Indonesian

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IndonesianWikipedia has an article on:

lem

Wikipedia^id

Etymology

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FromDutchlijm, fromMiddle Dutchlijm, fromOld Dutch*līm, fromProto-Germanic*līmaz.

Pronunciation

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(Standard Indonesian)IPA^(key): /ˈlɛm/[ˈlem]
Rhymes:-ɛm
Syllabification:lem

Noun

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lèm (plurallem-lem)

glue(any sticky adhesive substance)
Synonym:perekat
adhesive
Synonym:perekat

Synonyms

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gam(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore)
perekat(Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore)

Derived terms

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Irish

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /lʲɛmˠ/

Contraction

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lem (triggerslenition)

(Munster)contraction ofle mo(“with my”)
Chuir sé cúl ormlem chuid oibre.
It left me late with my work.

Related terms

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Irish preposition contractions
	contracted with							copular forms
base form	an(“the sg”)	na(“the pl”)	mo(“my”)	do(“your”)	a(“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár(“our”)	ar(“which (past)”)	before a consonant	before a vowel
base form	an(“the sg”)	na(“the pl”)	mo(“my”)	do(“your”)	a(“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár(“our”)	ar(“which (past)”)	before a consonant	present/future	past/conditional
de(“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded,det	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do(“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod,dot	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi(“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
i(“in”)	sa,san	sna	i mo im*	i do id,it	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le(“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led,let	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó(“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód,ót	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí(“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh

*dialectal

Livonian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*lämbin. Akin toFinnishlämmin.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈlem/,[ˈlemː]

Adjective

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lem

warm

Declension

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Declension oflem (126)
	singular(ikšlu’g)	plural(pǟgiņlu’g)
nominative(nominatīv)	lem	lemmõd
genitive(genitīv)	lem	lemmõd
partitive(partitīv)	lemmõ	lemmidi
dative(datīv)	lemmõn	lemmõdõn
instrumental(instrumentāl)	lemmõks	lemmõdõks
illative(illatīv)	lemmõ	lemmiž
inessive(inesīv)	lemsõ	lemmis
elative(elatīv)	lemstõ	lemmist

References

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Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “lem”, inLīvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[1] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

Middle English

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Noun

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lem

alternative form ofleme

Middle Irish

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈl̠ʲeβ̃/

Etymology 1

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FromOld Irishlem, fromProto-Celtic*limos, fromProto-Indo-European*h₁élem(“mountain elm”).

Noun

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lem m (genitivelim)

elm tree

Synonyms

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lemán

Etymology 2

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FromProto-Celtic*lemos, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*h₃lemH-(“weak, broken, soft”).

Adjective

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lem

Descendants

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Irish:leamh
Scottish Gaelic:leamh

Mutation

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Mutation oflem
radical	lenition	nasalization
lem alsollem after a proclitic ending in a vowel	lem pronounced with/l(ʲ)-/	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Middle Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Mòcheno

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle High Germanleben, fromOld High Germanlebēn, fromProto-West Germanic*libbjan, fromProto-Germanic*libjaną(“to live; to be alive”). Cognate withGermanleben,Englishlive.

Verb

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lem

tolive

Etymology 2

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FromMiddle High Germanleben, fromOld High Germanlebēn(noun), from the verb. Cognate withGermanLeben.

Noun

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lem n

life

References

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“lem” inCimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): [lɛm]

Etymology 1

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FromOld Norselimr, fromProto-Germanic*limuz(“branch, limb”) (compareEnglishlimb).

Noun

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lem (definite singularlemmenorlemen,indefinite plurallemmarorlemmerorlemarorlemer,definite plurallammaneorlemmeneorlemaneorlemene)

Etymology 2

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FromOld Norsehlemmr, fromProto-Germanic*hlammiz, as alsoIcelandichlemmur.

Noun

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lem m (definite singularlemmen,indefinite plurallemmar,definite plurallemmane)

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Verb

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lem

inflection oflemja:
1. present
2. imperative
imperative oflema andlemma

References

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“lem” inThe Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

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Old Irish

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Celtic*limos (compareWelshllwyf, from a variant*leimos), fromProto-Indo-European*h₁élem(“mountain elm”); compareLatinulmus.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈl̠ʲeβ̃/

Noun

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lem m (genitivelim)

elm tree

Declension

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Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	lem	lem^L	lim^L
vocative	lim	lem^L	lemu^H
accusative	lem^N	lem^L	lemu^H
genitive	lim^L	lem	lem^N
dative	lem^L	lemaib	lemaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

^H = triggers aspiration
^L = triggers lenition
^N = triggers nasalization

Etymology 2

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Ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*h₃lemH-(“weak, broken, soft”).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈl̠ʲeβ̃/

Adjective

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lem

Declension

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o/ā-stem
singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lem	lem	lem
vocative	lim* lem**	lem
accusative	lem	lim
genitive	lim	lime	lim
dative	lem	lim	lem
plural	masculine	feminine/neuter
nominative	lim	lema
vocative	lemu lema†
accusative	lemu lema†
genitive	lem
dative	lemaib

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Descendants

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Middle Irish:lem
- Irish:leamh
- Scottish Gaelic:leamh

Etymology 3

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Alternative forms

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leim,lemm,lim,limm,lium,liumm

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key): /ˈl̠ʲem/

Pronoun

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lem

first-person singular ofla

Descendants

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Scottish Gaelic:leam

Mutation

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Mutation oflem
radical	lenition	nasalization
lem alsollemin h-prothesis environments	lem pronounced with/lʲ-/	lem alsollem

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Swedish

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SwedishWikipedia has an article on:

lem

Wikipedia^sv

Etymology

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FromOld Norselimr, fromProto-Germanic*limuz(“branch, limb”) (compareEnglishlimb).

Noun

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lem c

a limb (major appendage of a human or animal)
amember (penis)
Synonym:manslem
1. (colloquial, euphemistic) anorgan (penis – see usage notes)
  - 1993,Ronny & Ragge, “Pökpåsen [The rubber]”, inLet's Pök! [Let's Bone!]‎^[2]:
    Det låg en lapp bredvid minlem. Det stod "Mors, jag har stuckit hem". Pökpåsen är min bäste vän, och tack vare den har jag kvar minlem.
    There was [lay] a note next to myorgan [might be the best match for tone here –member sounds a bit too formal even jokingly, anddick a bit too vulgar]. It said, "Ciao, I've gone home." The rubber is my best friend, and thanks to it I still have myorgan.