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late

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:Appendix:Variations of "late"

English

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Etymology

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FromMiddle Englishlate,lat, fromOld Englishlæt(“slow; slack, lax, negligent; late”), fromProto-West Germanic*lat, fromProto-Germanic*lataz(“slow, lazy”). Bysurface analysis,deverbal fromlet.

Cognates

Cognate withYolalaate(“late”),North Frisianleed,leet,lääs(“late”),Saterland Frisianleet(“late”),Dutch,German Low Germanlaat(“late, tardy”),Danishlad(“languid, lazy, indolent”),Faroese,Icelandiclatur(“lazy”),Norwegian Bokmål,Norwegian Nynorsk andSwedishlat(“lazy”),Gothic𐌻𐌰𐍄𐍃(lats,“lazy, slothful”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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late (comparativelater,superlativelatest)

  1. Near the end of a period of time.
    The seedlings appeared to be coming along nicely until alate frost killed them.
  2. Specifically, near the end of theday.
    It was gettinglate and I was tired.
  3. (usually not comparable) Associated with the end of a period.
    Late Latin is less fully inflected than classical Latin.
  4. Not arriving or occurring untilafter anexpected time.
    The flowers werelate in blooming because of the prolonged cold weather.
    Panos was solate that he arrived at the meeting after Antonio, who had the excuse of being in hospital for most of the night.
    The heavy snow made all the trainslate.
  5. Levied as asurcharge on a payment which has not arrived by a specifieddeadline.
    The power company suspendedlate fees during the pandemic.
  6. Not having had an expectedmenstrualperiod.
    I'mlate, honey. Could you buy atest?
  7. (not comparable, euphemistic)Deceased,dead:used particularly when speaking of the dead person's actions while alive.(Generally must be preceded by apossessive or anarticle, commonly "the"; see usage notes. Can itself only precede the person's name, never follow it.)
    Herlate husband had left her well provided for.
    Mary was entitled to the crown by herlate father’s testament.
    • 1918,W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXIII, inThe Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.:The Bobbs-Merrill Company,→OCLC,page181:
      To Edward […] he was terrible, nerve-inflaming, poisonously asphyxiating. He sat rocking himself in thelate Mr. Churchill's swing chair, smoking and twaddling.
    • 1969 December 7,Monty Python, “Full Frontal Nudity,Dead Parrot sketch”, inMonty Python's Flying Circus, spoken byMr Praline (John Cleese):
      This parrot is no more! It has ceased to be! It's expired and gone to meet its maker! This is alate parrot! It's a stiff! Bereft of life, it rests in peace! If you hadn't nailed it to the perch it would be pushing up the daisies!
    • 2022 February 18,Dan Erickson, “Good News About Hell”, inSeverance, season 1, episode 1, spoken by Ricken (Michael Chernus):
      Mark’slate wife, Gemma, was an educator as well. Russian literature.
    • 2022 December 14, Nadia Khomami, quotingIman, “‘He’s not my “late” husband’: Iman speaks of grief over death of David Bowie”, inThe Guardian‎[1]:
      “He is not my ‘late husband’. He is my husband,” she said, before discussing how the couple had managed to retain their independent identities while together.
  8. Existing or holding some position not long ago, but not now; departed, or gone out of office.
    thelate bishop of London
    thelate administration
    • 1640,Edvvard Reynoldes,A Treatise of the Passions and Facvlties of the Soul of Man. With the severall Dignities and Corruptions thereunto belonging., London: […] R. H. for Robert Bostock, […]:
      ByEdvvard Reynoldes,late Preacher to the Honorable Society ofLincoln’s Inne: And now Rector of the Church ofBraunſton inNorthamptonſhire.
  9. Recent — relative to the noun it modifies.
    • 1595 December 9 (first known performance),William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Richard the Second”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act I, scene i],page23, column 1:
      OLdIohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaſter,
      Haſt thou according to thy oath and band
      Brought hitherHenry Herford thy bold ſon:
      Heere to make good yͤ boiſtrouslate appeale,
      Which then our leyſure would not let vs heare,
      Againſt the Duke of Norfolke,Thomas Mowbray?
    • 1914,Robert Frost, “A Hundred Collars”, inNorth of Boston:
      Lancaster bore him—such a little town, / Such a great man. It doesn't see him often / Oflate years, though he keeps the old homestead / And sends the children down there with their mother[…]
  10. (astronomy) Of a star or class of stars, cooler than the sun.

Usage notes

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  • (deceased):Late in this sense qualifies named individuals (in phrases likethe late Mary Smith). In this sense, it generally is confined to usage with the person's full name, or a title, relationship, etc., that would be adequate by itself to identify the person:the late Mary Smith;the late queen;his late wife;the late Mary, Queen of Scots; but in most casesnotthe late Mary.

Translations

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near the end of a period of time
near the end of the day
associated with the end of a period
not arriving until after an expected time
not having had an expected menstrual period
euphemism for "dead"
existing or holding some position not long ago, but not now
recent
related to age—see alsoabout

Noun

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late (plurallates)

  1. (informal) Ashift(scheduled work period) that takes place late in the day or at night.
    • 2007, Paul W Browning,The Good Guys Wear Blue:
      At about 11 pm one night in Corporation Street my watch were on van patrol and Yellow Watch were onlate as usual.

Antonyms

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Adverb

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late (comparativelater,superlativelatest)

  1. After adeadline has passed, past a designated time.
    We drove as fast as we could, but we still arrivedlate.
  2. Formerly, especially in the context of service in a military unit.
    Colonel Easterwood,late of the 34th Carbines, was a guest at the dinner party.
    The Hendersons will all be there /Late of Pablo Fanque's Fair / What a scene!
    Linda Smith,late of 13 Oxford Street.
  4. Not long ago;just now,recently.

Synonyms

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Translations

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past a designated time

Derived terms

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Terms derived fromlate (all senses)

References

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  • 2009 April 3,Peter T. Daniels, "Re: Has 'late' split up into a pair of homonyms?", message-ID <bdb13686-a6e4-43cd-8445-efe353365394@l13g2000vba.googlegroups.com>,alt.usage.english andsci.lang, Usenet.

Anagrams

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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late

  1. inflection oflaat:
    1. masculine/femininesingularattributive
    2. definiteneutersingularattributive
    3. pluralattributive

Verb

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late

  1. (dated or formal)singularpresentsubjunctive oflaten

Galician

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Verb

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late

  1. inflection oflatar:
    1. first/third-personsingularpresentsubjunctive
    2. third-personsingularimperative
  2. inflection oflatir:
    1. third-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. second-personsingularimperative

Italian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈla.te/
  • Rhymes:-ate
  • Hyphenation:là‧te

Adjective

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late

  1. feminineplural oflato

Anagrams

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Karelian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*lat'ëk, borrowed fromProto-Norse*ᚠᛚᚨᛏᛃᚨ(*flatja), fromProto-Germanic*flatją. Cognates includeFinnishlattia andLivvilate.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈlɑte/
  • Hyphenation:la‧te

Noun

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late (genitivelattien,partitivelatetta)

  1. floor

References

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  • P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015), “пол”, inVenäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary],→ISBN

Latin

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Adverb

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lātē (comparativelātius,superlativelātissimē)

  1. broadly,widely
  2. extensively
  3. far and wide,everywhere
  4. lavishly,excessively

Related terms

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References

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  • “late”, inCharlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879),A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “late”, inCharlton T. Lewis (1891),An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894),Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London:Macmillan and Co.
    • the twigs are shooting out, spreading:rami late diffunduntur
    • to have a wide extent:late patere (also metaphoricallyvid. sect. VIII. 8)

Livvi

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Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*lat'ëk, borrowed fromProto-Norse*ᚠᛚᚨᛏᛃᚨ(*flatja), fromProto-Germanic*flatją. Cognates includeFinnishlattia andKarelianlate.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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late (genitivelattien,partitivelatettu)

  1. floor

Declension

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Declension oflate (Type 23/päre, tt-t gradation)
singularplural
nominativelatelattiet
genitivelattienlattieloin
partitivelatettulattieloi
illativelattiehlattieloih
inessivelattieslattielois
elativelattiespäilattieloispäi
allativelattielelattieloile
adessivelattiellattieloil
ablativelattielpäilattieloilpäi
translativelattiekselattieloikse
essivelattiennulattieloinnu
abessivelattiettahlattieloittah
comitativelattienkelattieloinke
instructivelattieloin
prolativelattieči

References

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  • Tatjana Boiko (2019), “late”, inSuuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition,→ISBN

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Englishlæt, fromProto-West Germanic*lat.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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late

  1. slow,sluggish,reluctant.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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References

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Etymology 2

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FromOld Englishlate.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Adverb

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late

  1. slowly,reluctantly
Descendants
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References
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Etymology 3

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FromOld Norselát(“conduct, demeanour, voice, sound”, literally“let, letting, loss”) (fromProto-Germanic*lētiją(“behaviour”), fromProto-Indo-European*lēid-,*lēy-(“to leave, let”). Cognate withMiddle Low Germanlāt(“outward appearance, gesture, manner”),Old Englishlǣtan(“to let”). More atlet.

Noun

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late

  1. Manner;behaviour; outwardappearance oraspect.
  2. Asound;voice.
    • c1275-1499,King Alexander
      Than have we liking to lithe thelates of the foules.

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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Adjective

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late

  1. definitesingular andplural oflat

Etymology 2

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FromOld Norseláta.

Verb

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late (imperativelat,present tenselater,passivelates,simple pastlot,past participlelatt,present participlelatende)

  1. toseem,appear
  2. (alsolatesom) topretend
Derived terms
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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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late

  1. inflection oflat:
    1. definitesingular
    2. plural

Etymology 2

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Verb

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late (present tenselèt,past tenselét,past participlelate,passive infinitivelatast,present participlelatande,imperativelat)

  1. alternative form ofla

Etymology 3

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FromOld Norseláta.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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late (present tenselèt,past tenselét,past participlelate,passive infinitivelatast,present participlelatande,imperativelat)

  1. toseem,appear
  2. (alsolatesom) topretend
Derived terms
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References

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Old English

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Etymology

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Adverbial form oflæt, composed with the suffix-e.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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late (comparativelator,superlativelatost)

  1. slow(ly)
  2. late

Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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late

  1. inflection oflatir:
    1. third-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. second-personsingularimperative

Spanish

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Verb

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late

  1. inflection oflatir:
    1. third-personsingularpresentindicative
    2. second-personsingularimperative

Swedish

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Adjective

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late

  1. definitenatural masculinesingular oflat

Anagrams

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