La solitude me pèse. J’aimerais à avoir un ami, un véritable ami, ou bien une maîtresse à qui je confierais mes peines. Quand on erre, toute une journée, sans parler, on se sentlas, le soir dans sa chambre.
Loneliness weighs heavily on me. I would like to have a friend, a true friend, or a lover to whom I could confide my sorrow. When one wanders all day without speaking to anybody, one feelsweary in one's bedroom at night.
Thel- forms of article are compulsorily used after the prepositionpor and adverbu. It is optional when the preceding word ends in-r or-s, after unstressed pronounsnos,vos andlles (when they are enclitic) ofambos,entrambos,todos,tras and copulative conjunction (emais and tonic pronounsvós andnós followed by a numerical precision).
Generally seen asborrowed fromOld Norselǫskr(“weak”) (fromProto-Germanic*laskwaz) or a related word, with simplification of/sk/ to/s/ like in Northern Middle Englishasse(“ashes”),[1] although the lack of unsimplified forms (except for the ambiguous spellinglasce) is problematic.
However, Liberman, following a connection made by Björkman,[2] instead suggests borrowing from a cognate ofOld Danishlas(“rag”);[3] older proposals that he mentions deriving the word from Old Englishlǣssa, Middle Englishlesse(“smaller”) or*laddesse, fromladde(“boy, lad”) +-esse(“-ess”) are to be rejected.
The spellinglaas is possibly due to the scribe of theVernon Manuscript incorrectly guessing that this unfamilar Northern dialectal word had a long vowel when copying theNorthern Homily Cycle (possibly due to the analogy of Etymology 1); there is no other evidence for a long vowel other than Middle Scotslais, which can be attributed to the late Middle Scots interchange of short and long vowel spellings.
1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors,Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]scantransliteration,transcription, numbers49, 11,Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:
Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “las”, inSłownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie,→ISBN
Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “las”, inJan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors,Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
Mańczak, Witold (2017), “las”, inPolski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności,→ISBN
Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “las”, inEtymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
B. Sieradzka-Baziur,Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “las”, inSłownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków:IJP PAN,→ISBN
Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “las”, inRozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków:Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Henrik Liljegren; Naseem Haider (2011), “las”, inPalula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[5], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives,→ISBN
Polański, Kazimierz (1971), “las”, inSłownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 2 (ďüzd – ľotü), Wrocław; Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page314
Polański, Kazimierz; James Allen Sehnert (1967), “las”, inPolabian-English Dictionary, The Hague, Paris: Mouton & Co, page87
Olesch, Reinhold (1962), “Las”, inThesaurus Linguae Dravaenopolabicae [Thesaurus of the Drevani language] (in German), volumes1: A – O, Cologne, Vienna: Böhlau Verlag,→ISBN, page493
According toSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990),las is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 9 times in news, 3 times in essays, 48 times in fiction, and 25 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 109 times, making it the 566th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
^Ida Kurcz (1990), “las”, inSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language][2] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page212
“LAS”, inElektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century],19.12.2018
“las”, inRječnik hrvatskoga kajkavskoga književnog jezika [Dictionary of the Croatian Kajkavian literary language] (in Serbo-Croatian),https://kajkavski.hr,1984–2026
Unlike in English, the singular is reserved only for a single hair. For hair as a collection of many hairs, the plural is used. The feminine form is chiefly western dialects[→SSKJ] and is also commonly used as an uncountable noun (see quotation under sense 2).
First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , long mixed accent, ending -u in genitive singular , ending -je in nominative plural , null ending in genitive dual/plural , special endings in plural from former i-stem declension , special accent changes
2025 June 20, Randi Kaye and David von Blohn, “El ICE renueva acuerdo con el centro de detención que, según la agencia, no cumplía las normas”, inCNN en Español[8]:
Sin embargo, en abril de este año, cuandolas deportaciones se dispararon bajo la segunda administración de Trump, el ICE restableció su contrato con el condado de Glades.
Like other masculine words, masculine pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
Treated as if it were third person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity.
Ifle orles precedeslo,la,los, orlas in a clause, it is replaced withse (e.g.se lo dije instead of*le lo dije).
Used primarily in Spain.
Only used in certain circumstances and rarely as a subject pronoun.
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke,et al., editors (1950–present), “las”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
