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language

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromMiddle Englishlangage,language, fromOld Frenchlanguage, fromVulgar Latin*linguāticum, fromLatinlingua(tongue, speech, language), fromOld Latindingua(tongue), fromProto-Indo-European*dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s(tongue, speech, language).Doublet oflangaj. Displaced nativeOld Englishġeþēode.

Noun

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language (countable anduncountable,plurallanguages)

Examples

The English Wiktionary uses the Englishlanguage to define words from all of the world'slanguages.


This person is saying "hello" in American signlanguage.

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
  1. (countable) Abody ofwords, and set of methods of combining them (called agrammar), understood by acommunity and used as a form ofcommunication.
    The English and Germanlanguages are both members of the West Germaniclanguage family.
    Deaf and mute people communicate using signlanguage.
    • 1867,Report on the Systems of Deaf-Mute Instruction pursued in Europe, quoted in 1983 inHistory of the College for the Deaf, 1857-1907→ISBN, page 240:
      Hence the naturallanguage of the mute is, in schools of this class, suppressed as soon and as far as possible, and its existence as alanguage, capable of being made the reliable and precise vehicle for the widest range of thought, is ignored.
    • 1900,William Beckford,The History of the Caliph Vathek, page50:
      Nolanguage could express his rage and despair.
    • 2000, Geary Hobson,The Last of the Ofos,→ISBN, page113:
      Mr. Darko, generally acknowledged to be the last surviving member of the Ofo Tribe, was also the last remaining speaker of the tribe'slanguage.
  2. (uncountable) The ability to communicate using words.
    the gift oflanguage
    • 1805 December, Julius Griffiths, “A Journey across the Desert”, inThe Monthly Mirror, page362:
      It is wholly out of the power oflanguage to convey any idea of the blissful enjoyment of obtaining water, after an almost total want of it, during eight and forty hours, in the scorching regions of an Arabian desert, in the month of July.
    • 1981,William Irwin Thompson,The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page15:
      Language is the articulation of the limited to express the unlimited; it is the ultimate mystery which is the image of God, for in breaking up infinity to create finite beings, God has found a way to let the limited being yet be a reflection of His unlimited Being.
  3. (uncountable) Asublanguage: theslang of aparticularcommunity orjargon of aparticularspecialistfield.
    • 1892,Walter Besant, “Prologue: Who is Edmund Gray?”, inThe Ivory Gate [], New York, N.Y.:Harper & Brothers, [],→OCLC:
      Thus, when he drew up instructions in lawyerlanguage, he expressed the important words by an initial, a medial, or a final consonant, and made scratches for all the words between; his clerks, however, understood him very well.
    • 1991 September,Stephen Fry, chapter 1, inThe Liar, London:Heinemann,→ISBN, section II,page24:
      And ‘blubbing’ . . .Blubbing went out with ‘decent’ and ‘ripping’. Mind you, not a bad newlanguage to start up. 1920s schoolboy slang could be due for a revival.
    legallanguage;   thelanguage of chemistry
  4. (countable, uncountable, figurative) The expression of thought (the communication of meaning) in a specified way; that which communicates something, as language does.
    bodylanguage;   thelanguage of the eyes
    • 2001, Eugene C. Kennedy, Sara C. Charles,On Becoming a Counselor,→ISBN:
      A tale about themselves [is] told by people with help from the universallanguages of their eyes, their hands, and even their shirting feet.
    • 2005,Sean Dooley,The Big Twitch, Sydney: Allen and Unwin, page231:
      Birding had become like that for me. It is alanguage that, once learnt, I have been unable to unlearn.
  5. (countable, uncountable) A body of sounds, signs and/or signals by which animals communicate, and by which plants are sometimes also thought to communicate.
    • 1983,The Listener, volume110, page14:
      A more likely hypothesis was that the attacked leaves were transmitting some airborne chemical signal to sound the alarm, rather like insects sending out warnings[] But this is the first time that a plant-to-plantlanguage has been detected.
    • 2009,Animals in Translation, page274:
      Prairie dogs use theirlanguage to refer to real dangers in the real world, so it definitely has meaning.
  6. (computing, countable) Acomputer language; amachine language.
    • 2015, Kent D. Lee,Foundations of Programming Languages,→ISBN, page94:
      In fact pointers are called references in theselanguages to distinguish them from pointers inlanguages like C and C++.
  7. (uncountable)Manner ofexpression.
    • 1782,William Cowper,Hope
      Theirlanguage simple, as their manners meek, []
  8. (uncountable) The particular words used in aspeech or apassage oftext.
    Thelanguage used in the law does not permit any other interpretation.
    Thelanguage he used to talk to me was obscene.
  9. (uncountable)Profanity.
    • 1978, James Carroll,Mortal Friends,→ISBN, page500:
      "Where the hell is Horace?" ¶ "There he is. He's coming. You shouldn't uselanguage."
Synonyms
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Hypernyms
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Hyponyms
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linguistics: Hyponyms oflanguage (kinds)
linguistics: Hyponyms oflanguage (types)
Derived terms
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some may be hyponyms
Related terms
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Translations
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Seelanguage/translations § Noun.

Verb

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language (third-person singular simple presentlanguages,present participlelanguaging,simple past and past participlelanguaged)

  1. (rare, now nonstandard or technical) Tocommunicate by language; toexpress in language.
    • 1655,Thomas Fuller,The Church-history of Britain; [], London: [] Iohn Williams [],→OCLC,(please specify |book=I to XI):
      Others werelanguaged in such doubtful expressions that they have a double sense.

Interjection

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language

  1. An admonishment said in response to vulgar language.
    You're a pile of shit!
    Hey!Language!

See also

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Etymology 2

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Alteration oflanguet.

Noun

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language (plurallanguages)

  1. Alanguet, a flat plate in or below the fluepipe of anorgan.
    • 1896, William Horatio Clarke,The Organist's Retrospect, page79:
      A flue-pipe is one in which the air passes through the throat, or flue, which is the narrow, longitudinal aperture between the lower lip and the tongue, orlanguage.[] Thelanguage is adjusted by slightly elevating or depressing it,[]

References

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French

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Noun

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language m (plurallanguages)

  1. Archaic spelling oflangage.

Middle English

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Noun

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language (plurallanguages)

  1. Alternative form oflangage

Middle French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromOld Frenchlanguage.

Noun

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language m (plurallanguages)

  1. language (style of communicating)

Related terms

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Descendants

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Old French

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Alternative forms

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alternative forms

Etymology

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Inherited fromVulgar Latin*linguāticum. Attested in thePassion.[1] Derivable fromlangue +‎-age.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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languageoblique singularf (oblique plurallanguages,nominative singularlanguage,nominative plurallanguages)

  1. language (style of communicating)

Descendants

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Borrowings:(some possibly from O.Occitanlenguatge instead)

References

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  1. ^langage”, inTrésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language],2012.
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